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Chemical Nature of Carbohydrates

Total questions: 91

Worksheet time: 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are carbohydrates chemically defined as?

a)

Polyhydroxyalcohols with a functional aldehyde or keto group

b)

Proteins with a functional amine group

c)

Lipids with a functional ester group

d)

Nucleic acids with a functional phosphate group

2.

Fill in the blank: The general formula for carbohydrates is _____.

a)

Cn(H2O)n

b)

C2H5OH

c)

CH4

d)

C6H12O6

3.

Which of the following carbohydrates contains an aldehyde group?

a)

Glucose

b)

Fructose

c)

Both

d)

Neither

4.

Which of the following carbohydrates contains a keto group?

a)

A) Glucose

b)

B) Fructose

c)

C) Both

d)

D) Neither

5.

Carbohydrates are made up of which two elements as shown in the formula Cn(H2O)n?

a)

Carbon and Water

b)

Carbon and Oxygen

c)

Hydrogen and Oxygen

d)

Carbon and Hydrogen

6.

Which organic molecules are the most abundant in nature?

a)

Proteins

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Lipids

d)

Nucleic acids

7.

Carbohydrates provide a significant fraction of the dietary ______ for most organisms.

a)

calories

b)

vitamins

c)

minerals

d)

enzymes

8.

What is the storage form of energy in the body according to the slide?

a)

Proteins

b)

Lipids

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Vitamins

9.

Carbohydrates serve as cell membrane components that mediate some forms of intercellular communication.

a)

True

b)

False

10.

Which of the following is NOT a type of carbohydrate according to the classification chart?

a)

Monosaccharides

b)

Disaccharides

c)

Oligosaccharides

d)

Proteins

11.

Fill in the blank: The four types of carbohydrates according to the classification chart are Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Oligosaccharides, and _________.

a)

Polysaccharides

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

12.

Which type of carbohydrate is classified as the simplest form according to the chart?

a)

Monosaccharides

b)

Disaccharides

c)

Oligosaccharides

d)

Polysaccharides

13.

Which of the following is a monosaccharide?

a)

Glucose

b)

Maltose

c)

Starch

d)

Sucrose

14.

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

a)

Fructose

b)

Sucrose

c)

Starch

d)

Cellulose

15.

Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

a)

Galactose

b)

Lactose

c)

Glycogen

d)

Glucose

16.

Fill in the blank: ________ is a monosaccharide found in carbohydrates.

a)

Glucose

b)

Sucrose

c)

Starch

d)

Cellulose

17.

Fill in the blank: Polysaccharides are made up of ________ sugar molecules linked together.

a)

many

b)

few

c)

single

d)

double

18.

What are monosaccharides?

a)

Complex sugars

b)

Simplest sugars

c)

Disaccharides

d)

Polysaccharides

19.

Monosaccharides are classified by two methods according to:

a)

Number of carbon atoms

b)

Functional groups

c)

Both A and B

d)

None of the above

20.

Fill in the blank: Trioses have ___ carbons.

a)

3

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

21.

Fill in the blank: Tetroses have ___ carbons.

a)

4

b)

3

c)

5

d)

6

22.

Fill in the blank: Pentoses have ___ carbons.

a)

5

b)

4

c)

6

d)

7

23.

Fill in the blank: Hexoses have ___ carbons.

a)

6

b)

5

c)

7

d)

8

24.

What is the mother compound of all aldoses?

a)

D-Glucose

b)

Aldotriose glyceraldehyde

c)

L-Galactose

d)

Fructose

25.

In D-sugars, the hydroxyl group of the penultimate carbon atom is on which side?

a)

Left

b)

Right

26.

In L-sugars, the hydroxyl group of the penultimate carbon atom is on the ______ side.

a)

left

b)

right

c)

top

d)

bottom

27.

Most of the naturally occurring monosaccharides are of which type?

a)

D type

b)

L type

28.

Aldoses are further subclassified according to the number of carbon atoms present. Fill in the blank: Aldotrioses have ______ carbon atoms.

a)

3

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

29.

Aldoses are further subclassified according to the number of carbon atoms present. How many carbon atoms do Aldotetroses have?

a)

3

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

30.

Aldoses are further subclassified according to the number of carbon atoms present. Fill in the blank: Aldopentoses have ______ carbon atoms.

a)

5

b)

3

c)

4

d)

6

31.

Aldoses are further subclassified according to the number of carbon atoms present. How many carbon atoms do Aldohexoses have?

a)

3

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

32.

Which sugar is classified as an Adotetrose?

a)

D-Erythrose

b)

D-Ribose

c)

D-Xylose

33.

Fill in the blank: The sugar with the structure shown below is called ________.

a)

D-Erythrose

b)

D-Ribose

c)

D-Glucose

d)

D-Galactose

34.

Which of the following sugars is an Aldopentose?

a)

D-Erythrose

b)

D-Ribose

c)

D-Xylose

d)

Both B and C

35.

Which aldohexose does this structure represent?

a)

D-Glucose

b)

D-Mannose

c)

D-Galactose

36.

Which aldohexose does this structure represent?

a)

D-Glucose

b)

D-Mannose

c)

D-Galactose

37.

Which aldohexose does this structure represent?

a)

D-Glucose

b)

D-Mannose

c)

D-Galactose

38.

The simplest ketose is the triose _________?

a)

dihydroxyacetone

b)

glyceraldehyde

c)

fructose

d)

ribulose

39.

Which compound is shown in the diagram?

a)

Fructose

b)

Dihydroxyacetone

c)

Glucose

d)

Ribulose

40.

Ketoses are further subclassified according to the number of carbon atoms present into: Which ketose has 3 carbon atoms?

a)

Ketotrioses

b)

Ketotetroses

c)

Ketopentoses

d)

Ketohexoses

41.

Ketoses are further subclassified according to the number of carbon atoms present into: D-erythrulose is an example of which type of ketose?

a)

Ketotrioses

b)

Ketotetroses

c)

Ketopentoses

d)

Ketohexoses

42.

Ketoses are further subclassified according to the number of carbon atoms present into: Fill in the blank: Ketopentoses have ______ carbon atoms.

a)

5

b)

4

c)

6

d)

7

43.

Ketoses are further subclassified according to the number of carbon atoms present into: D-fructose is an example of ______.

a)

Ketohexoses

b)

Ketotrioses

c)

Ketopentoses

d)

Ketoheptoses

44.

Identify the ketotetrose shown in the image with the following structure: CH2OH | C=O | H-C-OH | CH2OH

a)

D-Erythulose

b)

D-Ribulose

c)

D-Xylulose

45.

Fill in the blank: The structure shown below is called ________.

a)

D-Ribulose

b)

D-Glucose

c)

D-Fructose

d)

D-Xylose

46.

Refer to the diagram of D-Fructose and D-Sedoheptulose. Which of the following is a ketohexose?

a)

D-Fructose

b)

D-Sedoheptulose

c)

Both

d)

Neither

47.

Refer to the diagrams. Fill in the blank: The chemical formula for D-Fructose contains ___ carbon atoms.

a)

6

b)

5

c)

7

d)

8

48.

Based on the diagrams, which sugar has seven carbon atoms?

a)

D-Fructose

b)

D-Sedoheptulose

c)

Both

d)

Neither

49.

What are isomers?

a)

Compounds with different molecular formulas

b)

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural or steric formulae

c)

Compounds with the same structural formula

d)

Compounds with different types of atoms

50.

Isomers have the ________ molecular formula, which means the same number and types of atoms.

a)

same

b)

different

c)

complex

d)

unique

51.

Isomers have different:

a)

Molecular formula

b)

Structural formula

c)

Number of atoms

d)

Types of atoms

52.

What are stereoisomers?

a)

Stereoisomers are isomeric molecules that have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms (constitution), but differ in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space.

b)

Stereoisomers are molecules with different molecular formulas but identical three-dimensional structures.

c)

Stereoisomers are isomeric molecules that have different sequences of bonded atoms but the same three-dimensional orientation.

d)

Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms, but identical three-dimensional orientations.

53.

Which of the following is a form of isomerism of monosaccharides?

a)

Optical isomers

b)

Geometric isomers

c)

Structural isomers

d)

Positional isomers

54.

Which of the following is NOT a form of isomerism of monosaccharides?

a)

A) Anomers

b)

B) Epimers

c)

C) Aldose-Ketose isomers

d)

D) Cis-Trans isomers

55.

Fill in the blank: The four forms of isomerism of monosaccharides are Optical isomers, Anomers, Epimers, and _________?

a)

Aldose-Ketose isomers

b)

Geometric isomers

c)

Structural isomers

d)

Positional isomers

56.

Fill in the blank: _________ are a type of isomerism found in monosaccharides, along with Anomers, Epimers, and Aldose-Ketose isomers.

a)

Optical isomers

b)

Geometric isomers

c)

Structural isomers

d)

Positional isomers

57.

What process leads to the formation of a new asymmetric carbon in monosaccharides?

a)

Oxidation

b)

Cyclization

c)

Hydrolysis

d)

Reduction

58.

The new asymmetric carbon formed during cyclization of a monosaccharide is called the _________.

a)

anomeric carbon

b)

aldose carbon

c)

chiral center

d)

glycosidic carbon

59.

How many possible configurations can the anomeric carbon have in cyclic monosaccharides?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

60.

Which configuration has the OH group on the anomeric carbon pointing down?

a)

α-D-glucose

b)

β-D-glucose

61.

What are the two possible configurations of the anomeric carbon in glucose called?

a)

Anomers (α and β)

b)

Epimers (D and L)

c)

Isomers (cis and trans)

d)

Tautomers (enol and keto)

62.

What are anomers?

a)

Isomers at C1 of cyclic aldoses and C2 of cyclic ketoses

b)

Epimers at C1 of cyclic aldoses and C2 of cyclic ketoses

c)

Enantiomers at C1 of cyclic aldoses and C2 of cyclic ketoses

d)

Diastereomers at C1 of cyclic aldoses and C2 of cyclic ketoses

63.

Fill in the blank: Anomers are ______ at C1 of cyclic aldoses and C2 of cyclic ketoses.

a)

epimers

b)

isomers

c)

enantiomers

d)

diastereomers

64.

Which structure represents α-D-Fructopyranose?

a)

The structure with the OH group at C2 down

b)

The structure with the OH group at C2 up

65.

Which structure represents β-D-Fructofuranose?

a)

The structure with the CH2OH group at C1

b)

The structure with the OH group at C2 up

66.

Refer to the diagram of Alpha-D-Fructose. Which carbon is the anomeric carbon in Alpha-D-Fructose?

a)

Carbon 1

b)

Carbon 2

c)

Carbon 3

d)

Carbon 6

67.

Refer to the diagram of Alpha-D-Glucose. The anomeric carbon in Alpha-D-Glucose is labeled as _____

a)

C1

b)

C2

c)

C4

d)

C6

68.

Aldose-Ketose isomers have the same ________ but differ in their functional groups.

a)

molecular formulae

b)

structural arrangement

c)

physical state

d)

reactivity

69.

Which of the following is a functional group isomer of glucose?

a)

Sucrose

b)

Fructose

c)

Lactose

d)

Maltose

70.

Fill in the blank: Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is an intermediate during _______ in living cells.

a)

glucose oxidation

b)

fatty acid synthesis

c)

protein translation

d)

DNA replication

71.

Fill in the blank: Dihydroxyacetonephosphate is an intermediate during _______ in living cells.

a)

glucose oxidation

b)

protein synthesis

c)

fatty acid breakdown

d)

DNA replication

72.

Fill in the blank: Erythrose 4-phosphate is formed during _______ in living cells.

a)

glucose oxidation

b)

fatty acid synthesis

c)

urea cycle

d)

glycogen breakdown

73.

Fill in the blank: D-ribose is a component of many nucleosides and nucleotides and ribonucleic acids (______).

a)

RNA

b)

DNA

c)

ATP

d)

Glucose

74.

Fill in the blank: 2-deoxyribose is a component of deoxyribonucleic acid (______).

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

ATP

d)

NADH

75.

Which monosaccharide is known as grape sugar and is the main sugar present in blood, animal and plant cells, honey, and fruits?

a)

D-glucose

b)

D-fructose

c)

D-galactose

d)

D-mannose

76.

D-glucose enters in the formation of many _______ and _______.

a)

disaccharides and polysaccharides

b)

amino acids and proteins

c)

lipids and nucleic acids

d)

enzymes and vitamins

77.

Which monosaccharide is present in honey, fruits, and semen and is also known as fruit sugar?

a)

D-fructose

b)

D-glucose

c)

D-galactose

d)

D-mannose

78.

D-fructose is a component of which two substances?

a)

Sucrose and inulin

b)

Lactose and maltose

c)

Cellulose and starch

d)

Glycogen and amylose

79.

D-galactose is a component of lactose, which is present in which food?

a)

Milk

b)

Rice

c)

Eggs

d)

Potatoes

80.

Which of the following is also found in glycosaminoglycans (GAGS), glycolipids, and glycoproteins?

a)

D-glucose

b)

D-fructose

c)

D-galactose

d)

Sucrose

81.

Which of the following is a simple sugar or monosaccharide?

a)

Galactose

b)

Lactose

c)

Maltose

d)

Sucrose

82.

Choose the Aldose sugar-

a)

Sucrose

b)

Ribulose

c)

Fructose

d)

Ribose

83.

Choose the keto triose-

a)

Glyceraldehyde

b)

Erythrose

c)

Dihydroxyacetone

d)

Arabinose

84.

4- α-D Glucose and β-D Glucose are-

a)

Epimers

b)

Keto- Aldose Isomers

c)

Anomers

d)

Optical isomers

85.

Which group is present in Aldonic acid?

a)

Aldehyde group

b)

Primary alcohol group

c)

Aldehyde and Primary alcohol group

d)

Ketone group

86.

Which sugar acid contains a primary alcohol group?

a)

Aldonic acid

b)

Uronic acid

c)

Aldaric acid

d)

L-ascorbic acid

87.

Aldaric acid contains which functional groups?

a)

Only aldehyde group

b)

Only primary alcohol group

c)

Aldehyde and Primary alcohol group

d)

Ketone and alcohol group

88.

L-ascorbic acid is also known as _________.

a)

vitamin C

b)

vitamin D

c)

citric acid

d)

folic acid

89.

L-ascorbic acid is derived from glucose in humans.

a)

True

b)

False

90.

The ________ of monosaccharides is oxidized to form the corresponding uronic acid.

a)

primary alcohol group

b)

aldehyde group

c)

carboxyl group

d)

secondary alcohol group

91.

Glucose is oxidized to form which acid?

a)

Galacturonic acid (GalUA)

b)

Glucuronic acid (GlcUA)

c)

Lactic acid

d)

Citric acid

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