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Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A patient with type 2 diabetes has been taking Metformin twice daily for 3 months. Which finding indicates effective treatment?

a)

Hemoglobin A1C of 6.9%

b)

Fasting blood glucose of 185 mg/dL

c)

Weight loss of 6 lbs

d)

Hemoglobin A1C of 7.1%

2.

Which laboratory finding is expected in Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)?

a)

Low serum sodium

b)

High serum sodium

c)

Low urine specific gravity

d)

High serum osmolality

3.

A nurse provides teaching for a patient newly diagnosed with Graves’ disease. Which symptom should the nurse expect?

a)

Exophthalmos

b)

Cold intolerance

c)

Bradycardia

d)

Weight gain

4.

A patient with type 1 diabetes becomes diaphoretic and shaky with a glucose of 48 mg/dL. What should the nurse do first?

a)

Give 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate

b)

Call the provider

c)

Start IV fluids

d)

Recheck glucose in 15 minutes

5.

The nurse teaches a patient with hypothyroidism about levothyroxine. Which statement indicates correct understanding?

a)

I will take this medication on an empty stomach in the morning.

b)

I can take this medication with milk.

c)

I should take this medication with my other morning meds.

d)

I can stop this if I feel better.

6.

A patient scheduled for CT with contrast takes Metformin. What teaching is appropriate?

a)

Hold Metformin 48 hours before and after procedure.

b)

Continue Metformin as usual.

c)

Skip morning dose only.

d)

Stop Metformin 7 days prior.

7.

Which sign is most concerning for a patient with platelets of 59,000/mcL?

a)

Confusion and mental status change

b)

Petechiae on legs

c)

Bleeding gums

d)

Temperature 100.9°F

8.

Which lab pattern is consistent with hyperthyroidism?

a)

Low TSH, high T3 and T4

b)

High TSH, low T3 and T4

c)

High TSH, high T3

d)

Normal TSH, low T4

9.

Which patient is most at risk for developing SIADH?

a)

A patient with small-cell lung cancer

b)

A patient with diabetes insipidus

c)

A patient taking corticosteroids

d)

A patient with Addison’s disease

10.

Which finding suggests improvement in a patient with Cushing Syndrome after treatment?

a)

Weight loss and decreased glucose levels

b)

Buffalo hump persists

c)

Increased sodium

d)

Moon face remains

11.

A nurse caring for a cancer patient receiving chemotherapy should monitor which lab most closely?

a)

Absolute neutrophil count

b)

BUN and creatinine

c)

Total bilirubin

d)

Serum potassium

12.

A patient with liver cirrhosis may have which findings?

a)

Spider angiomas

b)

Prolonged clotting time

c)

Cold intolerance

13.

Which lab finding is consistent with iron-deficiency anemia?

a)

Low hemoglobin and hematocrit

b)

High hemoglobin

c)

Normal ferritin

d)

Elevated RBC count

14.

The nurse recognizes thrombocytopenia by which clinical finding?

a)

Petechiae and prolonged bleeding

b)

Bradycardia

c)

Polyuria

d)

Dry skin

15.

Which is the priority vital sign to monitor for a patient with ANC of 480?

a)

Temperature

b)

Heart rate

c)

Respiratory rate

d)

Blood pressure

16.

A nurse teaching a patient post-thyroidectomy should emphasize to report which finding immediately?

a)

Stridor

b)

Hoarseness

c)

Neck soreness

d)

Mild bruising

17.

The nurse is teaching a patient taking ferrous sulfate. Which instruction is correct?

a)

Take on an empty stomach with water.

b)

Crush tablets and mix with applesauce.

c)

Take with milk to prevent GI upset.

d)

Stop if stools turn black.

18.

A patient prescribed SSKI makes which statement that requires further teaching?

a)

I should never dilute this medication or mix it with anything.

b)

I should report mouth swelling.

c)

I’ll drink it through a straw.

d)

It will help reduce thyroid hormone release.

19.

A patient with Addison’s disease should be taught to:

a)

Carry an emergency hydrocortisone injection.

b)

Avoid all salt intake.

c)

Stop steroids when feeling better.

20.

Which lab pattern supports diabetes insipidus?

a)

High serum sodium and low urine specific gravity

b)

Low sodium, high urine specific gravity

c)

High potassium, low serum osmolality

d)

Low urine output

21.

A patient with hypothyroidism is being treated with Synthroid. Which lab indicates effective therapy?

a)

TSH within normal range

b)

TSH elevated

c)

Free T4 low

d)

Free T3 low

22.

Which symptom differentiates type 1 diabetes from type 2?

a)

Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia at sudden onset

b)

Gradual weight gain

c)

Strong family history only

d)

Presence of insulin resistance

23.

A patient with cirrhosis reports confusion and lethargy. What medication is expected?

a)

Lactulose

b)

Metformin

c)

Insulin glargine

d)

Prednisone

24.

Which finding indicates a complication of long-term corticosteroid therapy?

a)

Hyperglycemia

b)

Bradycardia

c)

Hypotension

d)

Hypokalemia

25.

The nurse recognizes myxedema coma by which clinical features?

a)

Hypothermia and hypotension

b)

Tachycardia and hyperthermia

c)

Hyperglycemia

d)

Pupil dilation

26.

A nurse teaching about obesity should include which statement?

a)

Obesity increases risk for heart disease and type 2 diabetes.

b)

Obesity protects against fractures.

27.

Which test confirms a diagnosis of leukemia?

a)

Bone marrow biopsy

b)

CBC only

c)

Urine culture

d)

Serum electrolytes

28.

Which cancer treatment goal focuses on symptom relief?

a)

Palliation

b)

Cure

c)

Control

d)

Prevention

29.

A nurse preparing a patient for chemotherapy teaches to report which symptom immediately?

a)

Fever 100.4°F or higher

b)

Mild fatigue

c)

Hair loss

d)

Loss of appetite

30.

Which factor is non-modifiable in cancer risk?

a)

Genetics

b)

Smoking

c)

Diet

d)

Exercise level

31.

A patient with SIADH has a sodium level of 120 mEq/L. Which nursing action is the priority?

a)

Institute seizure precautions

b)

Encourage fluids

c)

Give hypotonic IV fluids

d)

Provide high-sodium diet

32.

A patient with DKA will most likely have which clinical manifestation?

a)

Kussmaul respirations

b)

Bradycardia

c)

Cool, clammy skin

d)

Low blood glucose

33.

Which food should a patient with cirrhosis avoid?

a)

Alcohol

b)

Apples

c)

Rice

d)

Oatmeal

34.

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Glipizide. Which finding requires immediate intervention?

a)

Blood glucose 60 mg/dL

b)

Dry mouth

c)

Mild nausea

d)

Headache

35.

A patient with hyperthyroidism is started on propranolol. What is the purpose of this medication?

a)

Control tachycardia and palpitations

b)

Decrease thyroid hormone production

c)

Prevent exophthalmos

d)

Promote weight gain

36.

Which nursing action is most appropriate for a patient receiving radioactive iodine therapy?

a)

Teach to avoid close contact with others for several days

b)

Encourage high-calcium diet

c)

Monitor for hypoglycemia

d)

Restrict protein intake

37.

The nurse caring for a patient with SIADH expects which IV fluid order?

a)

3% hypertonic saline

b)

0.9% normal saline

c)

D5W

d)

Lactated Ringer’s

38.

Which symptom is expected in hypothyroidism?

a)

Cold intolerance

b)

Tachycardia

c)

Increased appetite

d)

Heat intolerance

39.

Which medication can cause secondary diabetes?

a)

Corticosteroids

b)

Levothyroxine

c)

Antacids

40.

Which electrolyte imbalance is expected in Addison’s disease?

a)

Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia

b)

Hypernatremia and hypokalemia

c)

Hypercalcemia

d)

Hypophosphatemia

41.

Which finding indicates hypoglycemia?

a)

Sweating, confusion, and shakiness

b)

Fruity breath odor

c)

Dry mucous membranes

d)

Abdominal pain

42.

Which nursing intervention helps prevent foot complications in a diabetic patient?

a)

Inspect feet daily and wear supportive shoes.

b)

Soak feet daily in hot water.

c)

Apply lotion between toes.

d)

Walk barefoot indoors.

43.

Which is an expected lab result in liver failure?

a)

Elevated bilirubin

b)

High albumin

c)

Low clotting time

d)

Low ammonia

44.

A patient receiving chemotherapy reports a sore mouth. What is the appropriate intervention?

a)

Use a soft toothbrush and avoid spicy foods.

b)

Brush with baking soda.

c)

Use mouthwash with alcohol.

d)

Increase citrus intake.

45.

Which statement indicates correct understanding of insulin administration?

a)

I will rotate injection sites within the same area.

b)

I can mix long-acting insulin with short-acting.

c)

I can skip insulin if my glucose is normal.

d)

I can inject through clothing.

46.

Which patient requires the most urgent nursing intervention?

a)

Type 1 diabetic with fruity breath odor

b)

Patient with hypothyroidism and dry skin

47.

Which dietary teaching is appropriate for a patient with iron-deficiency anemia?

a)

Increase intake of red meat and leafy greens.

b)

Avoid citrus fruits.

c)

Eat low-iron foods.

d)

Limit protein intake.

48.

Which assessment finding indicates effectiveness of lactulose therapy in hepatic encephalopathy?

a)

Improved mental status

b)

Decreased ascites

c)

Increased urine output

d)

Reduced bilirubin

49.

Which nursing action is appropriate for a patient receiving chemotherapy with neutropenia?

a)

Avoid fresh flowers and unwashed fruits.

b)

Encourage raw vegetables.

c)

Administer live vaccines.

d)

Use rectal thermometers for monitoring.

50.

The nurse recognizes that obesity contributes to which metabolic condition?

a)

Metabolic syndrome

b)

Myxedema

c)

Cushing’s disease

d)

Addison’s crisis

51.

The assessment finding in a patient with Cushing syndrome that requires immediate intervention is:

a)

Sudden onset of severe headache and confusion

b)

Increased facial hair growth

c)

Buffalo hump

d)

Purple striae on the abdomen

52.

Which laboratory test is used to confirm a diagnosis of hypothyroidism?

a)

Serum TSH

b)

Serum cortisol

c)

Blood glucose

d)

Serum calcium

53.

Which is a priority nursing intervention for a patient with diabetes insipidus?

a)

Monitor intake and output closely.

b)

Restrict oral fluids.

c)

Administer hypertonic saline.

d)

Encourage a low-sodium diet.

54.

A patient is being treated for hyperthyroidism. Which dietary instruction should be given?

a)

Avoid foods high in iodine.

b)

Eat more shellfish.

c)

Increase caffeine intake.

d)

Reduce protein intake.

55.

A patient with Addison’s disease is admitted with hypotension and severe dehydration. Which order should the nurse anticipate?

a)

IV hydrocortisone

b)

IV insulin

c)

IV potassium

d)

IV beta-blockers

56.

A nurse notes dry mucous membranes and urine specific gravity of 1.002 in a patient. Which condition is suspected?

a)

Diabetes insipidus

b)

SIADH

c)

Cushing syndrome

d)

Addison crisis

57.

Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient receiving radioactive iodine for hyperthyroidism?

a)

Use a private bathroom and flush twice.

b)

Avoid drinking fluids.

c)

Apply lotion to neck area daily.

d)

Restrict iodine intake for 3 weeks.

58.

Which manifestation indicates myxedema coma?

a)

Severe hypotension and hypothermia

b)

Tachycardia and fever

c)

Polyuria and dry mouth

d)

Diaphoresis

59.

A diabetic patient reports numbness in both feet. What is the best nursing teaching?

a)

Inspect feet daily and wear shoes at all times.

b)

Apply heating pads to keep feet warm.

c)

Soak feet daily in hot water.

d)

Trim toenails short.

60.

Which finding indicates hypoglycemia?

a)

Tremors, sweating, and confusion

b)

Fruity breath

c)

Deep, rapid respirations

d)

Polyuria

61.

The nurse is caring for a patient with SIADH. Which finding should be reported immediately?

a)

Sudden muscle twitching

b)

Decreased urine output

c)

Weight gain of 1 lb

d)

Thirst

62.

A nurse teaches a patient with hypothyroidism about levothyroxine. Which statement indicates effective teaching?

a)

I will take it every morning before breakfast.

b)

I can take this with my calcium pill.

c)

I’ll stop if my symptoms improve.

d)

I can take it before bed with a snack.

63.

Which diet is best for a patient with liver cirrhosis and ascites?

a)

Low sodium, moderate protein

b)

High protein, high sodium

c)

Low carb, high fat

d)

Low potassium

64.

Which symptom indicates hepatic encephalopathy?

a)

A. Asterixis (flapping tremor)

b)

B. Cold, clammy skin

c)

C. Dry mucous membranes

65.

Which finding suggests that lactulose therapy is effective in a patient with liver failure?

a)

Improved mental status

b)

Decreased urine output

c)

Increased bilirubin

d)

Weight gain

66.

Which clinical finding is expected in hyperthyroidism?

a)

Tachycardia and heat intolerance

b)

Cold intolerance

c)

Weight gain

d)

Bradycardia

67.

The nurse suspects anemia when observing which finding?

a)

Pallor and fatigue

b)

Jaundice and itching

c)

Tremors

d)

Fever

68.

A nurse teaches a diabetic patient about sick-day management. Which statement indicates correct understanding?

a)

I’ll continue taking insulin even if I’m not eating.

b)

I’ll skip my insulin if I’m vomiting.

c)

I’ll stop checking my blood sugar.

d)

I’ll only take insulin if I have ketones.

69.

Which condition is associated with adrenal insufficiency?

a)

Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia

b)

Hypernatremia and hypokalemia

c)

Hypercalcemia

d)

Hypoglycemia only

70.

A nurse is providing education to a patient with cirrhosis. Which instruction is appropriate?

a)

Avoid alcohol completely.

b)

Take NSAIDs for pain.

c)

Increase sodium intake.

d)

Avoid protein.

71.

Which insulin has a rapid onset and should be taken with meals?

a)

Lispro (Humalog)

b)

NPH

c)

Glargine

d)

Regular

72.

Which is a late sign of SIADH?

a)

Seizures

b)

Thirst

c)

Polyuria

d)

Dry mouth

73.

Which nursing assessment finding is expected in Cushing syndrome?

a)

Truncal obesity and thin extremities

b)

Weight loss and hypotension

c)

Hyperpigmentation

d)

Slow wound healing

74.

A patient receiving chemotherapy has an ANC of 400. Which order should the nurse question?

a)

Live influenza vaccine

b)

Private room assignment

c)

Neutropenic precautions

d)

Daily temperature checks

75.

A patient with Type 1 diabetes reports fruity breath odor and deep respirations. What is the most likely cause?

a)

Diabetic ketoacidosis

b)

Hypoglycemia

c)

SIADH

d)

Hyperosmolar state

76.

Which complication should the nurse monitor for in a patient with cirrhosis and ascites?

a)

Respiratory distress

b)

Hypoglycemia

c)

Polyuria

d)

Bradycardia

77.

Which intervention is most important for a patient receiving corticosteroids?

a)

Do not stop the medication abruptly.

b)

Take with grapefruit juice.

c)

Avoid all salt.

d)

Limit fluid intake.

78.

Which finding in a diabetic patient requires immediate action?

a)

Blood glucose 45 mg/dL

b)

Blood glucose 120 mg/dL

c)

Blood glucose 180 mg/dL

d)

Blood glucose 200 mg/dL

79.

Which nursing action helps prevent infection in a neutropenic patient?

a)

Avoid fresh flowers and uncooked foods.

b)

Encourage visitors.

c)

Administer live vaccines.

d)

Perform rectal temperatures daily.

80.

A nurse teaches a patient with hypothyroidism to avoid which medication interaction?

a)

Calcium supplements

b)

Acetaminophen

c)

Loratadine

d)

Omeprazole

81.

Which lab values would the nurse expect in SIADH?

a)

Low serum osmolality and high urine specific gravity

b)

High sodium and low urine osmolality

c)

High potassium

d)

Low urine output and high calcium

82.

A patient with Addison’s disease is receiving steroid therapy. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?

a)

I can stop this medication when I feel better.

b)

I should wear a medical alert bracelet.

c)

I will take this at the same time every day.

d)

I should increase my dose during illness.

83.

Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a patient with DI?

a)

Fluid volume deficit

b)

Impaired gas exchange

c)

Excess fluid volume

d)

Risk for injury

84.

Which finding indicates improvement in a patient with hypothyroidism after treatment?

a)

Increased energy and normal TSH

b)

Weight gain

c)

Fatigue

d)

Cold intolerance

85.

Which electrolyte imbalance is common in liver failure?

a)

Low albumin and elevated ammonia

b)

High calcium

c)

Low potassium

d)

High sodium

86.

Which dietary choice is appropriate for a patient with iron-deficiency anemia?

a)

Chicken, spinach, and oranges

b)

Milk, bananas, and rice

c)

White bread and coffee

d)

Fish and yogurt

87.

Which test confirms diabetes mellitus?

a)

Fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL

b)

Serum calcium

c)

Serum sodium

d)

BUN

88.

A patient with cirrhosis has prolonged bleeding times. Which medication should be avoided?

a)

A) Aspirin

b)

B) Lactulose

c)

C) Pantoprazole

d)

D) Furosemide

89.

Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient with SIADH?

a)

Implement seizure precautions.

b)

Administer hypotonic fluids.

c)

Encourage increased fluids.

d)

Offer high-sodium snacks.

90.

Which lab finding supports a diagnosis of anemia?

a)

Low RBC and hemoglobin

b)

High WBC

c)

High platelets

d)

Low bilirubin

91.

Which symptom is characteristic of hyperthyroidism?

a)

Weight loss and tachycardia

b)

Fatigue and bradycardia

c)

Cold intolerance

92.

What is the meaning of the term 'Constipation'?

a)

Constipation is a condition in which there is difficulty in emptying the bowels, usually associated with hardened feces.

b)

Constipation is a condition characterized by frequent urination.

c)

Constipation is a condition where there is excessive sweating.

d)

Constipation is a condition marked by persistent coughing.

93.

Which medication is used to replace ADH in diabetes insipidus?

a)

Desmopressin

b)

Levothyroxine

c)

Prednisone

d)

Glipizide

94.

Which lab result confirms DKA?

a)

Blood glucose >250 mg/dL, pH <7.3

b)

Blood glucose <70 mg/dL

c)

Bicarbonate >25

d)

Ketones negative

95.

Which nursing action best prevents infection in a diabetic patient with neuropathy?

a)

Inspect feet daily for cuts.

b)

Use tight shoes for stability.

c)

Apply lotion between toes.

d)

Walk barefoot indoors.

96.

Which assessment finding is most consistent with Cushing syndrome?

a)

A. Purple striae and moon face

b)

B. Weight loss

c)

C. Hypotension

d)

D. Cold intolerance

97.

Which lab value indicates dehydration from diabetes insipidus?

a)

Serum sodium 155 mEq/L

b)

Urine specific gravity 1.030

c)

Serum osmolality 270 mOsm/kg

d)

Serum potassium 3.5 mEq/L

98.

Which teaching is appropriate for a patient on insulin glargine (Lantus)?

a)

Do not mix with other insulins.

b)

Administer before meals.

c)

Hold dose if fasting glucose <200.

d)

Shake well before injecting.

99.

Which finding suggests cirrhosis-related hepatic failure?

a)

Ascites and jaundice

b)

Polyuria and weight loss

c)

Constipation

d)

Dry mouth

100.

Which complication should the nurse monitor for in a patient with long-term Metformin use?

a)

Lactic acidosis

b)

Hypoglycemia

c)

Hyponatremia

d)

Pancreatitis

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