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Electrolyte Imbalances

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A patient with K+ 2.4 mEq/L is most likely to exhibit:

a)

Tingling lips

b)

Muscle weakness

c)

Diarrhea

d)

Paralysis

2.

Which finding is associated with severe hypokalemia?

a)

Restlessness

b)

U-waves on ECG

c)

Tall peaked T waves

d)

Hyperreflexia

3.

A patient with mild hyperkalemia may present with:

a)

Tingling of lips and fingers

b)

Muscle paralysis

c)

Smooth muscle atony

d)

Seizures

4.

Which symptom is associated with intestinal cramping and diarrhea?

a)

Hypokalemia

b)

Hyperkalemia (mild)

c)

Hypomagnesemia

d)

Hypermagnesemia

5.

Severe hyperkalemia is expected to cause:

a)

Tetany

b)

Increased reflexes

c)

Loss of muscle tone

d)

Nystagmus

6.

A patient with K+ of 6.2 mEq/L is at risk for:

a)

Smooth muscle atony

b)

Paralysis

c)

Glucose intolerance

d)

Tachydysrhythmias

7.

A patient with hypokalemia is at highest risk for which complication?

a)

Dysrhythmias

b)

Bradycardia

c)

Seizures

d)

Hypotension

8.

Hypokalemia causes which neuromuscular effect?

a)

Increased neuromuscular excitability

b)

Lowered neuromuscular excitability

c)

Tetany

d)

Chvostek sign

9.

Which electrolyte imbalance causes glucose intolerance?

a)

Hypermagnesemia

b)

Hyperkalemia

c)

Hypokalemia

d)

Hyponatremia

10.

A patient with hypertonic sodium levels is expected to have cells that:

a)

Swell

b)

Shrink

c)

Burst

d)

Show no change

11.

A patient with hypotonic sodium levels will have water movement:

a)

Out of the cell

b)

Into the cell

c)

No movement

d)

Into the bloodstream only

12.

"Where sodium goes, water goes" explains which physiologic concept?

a)

Insulin-driven potassium transport

b)

Tonicity

c)

Calcium deposition

d)

Magnesium absorption

13.

Which hormone increases calcium absorption from the GI tract?

a)

Calcitonin

b)

PTH

c)

Vitamin D

d)

Aldosterone

14.

Calcium is necessary for all of the following EXCEPT:

a)

Muscle contraction

b)

Blood clotting

c)

Hormone secretion

d)

Regulation of K+ levels

15.

A patient with hypomagnesemia may present with:

a)

Decreased reflexes

b)

Increased reflexes

c)

Bradycardia

d)

Respiratory depression

16.

Which signs are associated with severe hypomagnesemia? (SATA)

a)

Tetany

b)

Seizures

c)

Nystagmus

d)

Hypotension

17.

A positive Chvostek sign is associated with:

a)

Hyperkalemia

b)

Hypermagnesemia

c)

Hypomagnesemia

d)

Hypokalemia

18.

Which finding indicates neuromuscular irritability?

a)

Positive Trousseau sign

b)

Paralysis

c)

Muscle atony

d)

Loss of muscle tone

19.

A patient with hypomagnesemia may develop:

a)

Ataxia

b)

Smooth muscle atony

c)

Decreased reflexes

d)

Paralysis

20.

Hypermagnesemia is expected to cause:

a)

Increased reflexes

b)

Decreased deep tendon reflexes

c)

Nystagmus

d)

Tetany

21.

Which vital sign change may occur with hypermagnesemia?

a)

Tachycardia

b)

Bradycardia

c)

Tachydysrhythmias

d)

Fever

22.

Respiratory depression is associated with:

a)

Hypokalemia

b)

Mild hyperkalemia

c)

Hypermagnesemia

d)

Hypomagnesemia

23.

Muscle weakness can occur in: (SATA)

a)

Hypokalemia

b)

Hyperkalemia (severe)

c)

Hypomagnesemia

d)

Hypermagnesemia

24.

Tachydysrhythmias are specifically associated with:

a)

Hypomagnesemia

b)

Hypermagnesemia

c)

Hypokalemia

d)

Hyperkalemia

25.

A patient with hypermagnesemia may first present with:

a)

Tetany

b)

Nausea and vomiting

c)

Tachycardia

d)

Hyperreflexia

26.

Loss of muscle tone is characteristic of:

a)

Severe hyperkalemia

b)

Hypomagnesemia

c)

Hyponatremia

d)

Hypokalemia

27.

Which imbalance causes intestinal cramping & diarrhea?

a)

Hypokalemia

b)

Hyperkalemia (mild)

c)

Hypomagnesemia

d)

Hypermagnesemia

28.

A positive Trousseau sign tells the nurse the patient likely has:

a)

Elevated magnesium

b)

Low magnesium

c)

Elevated potassium

d)

Low potassium

29.

A patient experiencing restlessness and tingling of the lips likely has:

a)

Hypokalemia

b)

Mild hyperkalemia

c)

Hypomagnesemia

d)

Hypocalcemia

30.

Smooth muscle atony is associated with:

a)

Hypokalemia

b)

Hyperkalemia

c)

Hypermagnesemia

d)

Hyponatremia

31.

Seizures may occur in:

a)

Hypermagnesemia

b)

Hypomagnesemia

c)

Hyperkalemia

d)

Hyponatremia

32.

Hypotension is a symptom of:

a)

Hypomagnesemia

b)

Hypermagnesemia

c)

Hypokalemia

d)

Severe hyperkalemia

33.

Which electrolyte imbalance depresses nerve conduction?

a)

Hypomagnesemia

b)

Hypermagnesemia

c)

Hyperkalemia

d)

Hyponatremia

34.

Which imbalance depresses skeletal muscle contraction?

a)

Hypokalemia

b)

Hypermagnesemia

c)

Hypomagnesemia

d)

Hyperkalemia

35.

A patient with hypermagnesemia may also show:

a)

Tachycardia

b)

Bradycardia

c)

Tachydysrhythmias

d)

U-waves

36.

Nystagmus is associated with:

a)

Hypomagnesemia

b)

Hypermagnesemia

c)

Hyperkalemia

d)

Hypokalemia

37.

Tetany occurs in:

a)

Hypomagnesemia

b)

Hypermagnesemia

c)

Hypokalemia

d)

Mild hyperkalemia

38.

A patient with hypermagnesemia might require monitoring for:

a)

Respiratory depression

b)

Increased reflexes

c)

Trousseau sign

d)

Tachydysrhythmias

39.

Which imbalance often shows NO symptoms unless severe?

a)

Hypokalemia

b)

Hypermagnesemia

c)

Hypomagnesemia

d)

Hyperkalemia

40.

Which ECG change is linked to hyperkalemia?

a)

U-waves

b)

Peaked T waves

c)

Sinus pauses

d)

Narrow QRS

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