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WorksheetsY7 - Unit 3: Energy and forces (CIE)
Total questions: 210
Worksheet time: 2hrs 45mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is kinetic energy?
a)
It is the energy stored due to movement of an object
b)
Energy stored in chemical bonds
c)
Energy stored when an object is lifted
d)
Energy transferred by vibrating objects
2.
What is chemical energy?
a)
Energy stored in chemical bonds. E.g. food, batteries, chemical fuels such as wood, oil and coal
b)
Energy stored when things are stretched
c)
Energy stored due to movement
d)
Energy transferred from luminous objects
3.
What is thermal energy?
a)
Thermal energy is the total kinetic and potential energies of its particles
b)
Energy stored in chemical bonds
c)
Energy stored when lifted from gravity
d)
Energy transferred from vibrating objects
4.
What type of energy can be a store or a transfer?
a)
Thermal energy
b)
Electrical energy
c)
Light energy
d)
Kinetic energy only
5.
What is elastic potential energy?
a)
Energy stored when things are stretched or squeezed to change their shape
b)
Energy stored when an object is lifted
c)
Energy stored in food
d)
Energy transferred by sound
6.
What is gravitational potential energy?
a)
Energy stored when an object is lifted away from a source of gravity
b)
Energy stored when squeezed
c)
Energy from vibrating objects
d)
Energy stored in chemical fuels
7.
What transfers electrical energy?
a)
The flow of current (electrons) in a circuit transfers electrical energy
b)
Light from objects
c)
Heat from particles
d)
Stretching or squeezing objects
8.
What do electrons carry in a circuit?
a)
Electrons carry this energy
b)
Electrons carry light
c)
Electrons carry heat only
d)
Electrons carry gravity
9.
What transfers sound energy?
a)
Energy transferred from vibrating objects
b)
Energy transferred by light waves
c)
Energy stored in chemical fuels
d)
Energy stored when objects stretch
10.
What is light?
a)
Light is a type of wave (electromagnetic radiation) given off from luminous objects
b)
Light is a solid object
c)
Light is stored in chemical bonds
d)
Light is produced by stretched materials
11.
What type of energy is light?
a)
It is a transfer of energy
b)
It is always stored energy
c)
It is gravitational energy
d)
It is only thermal energy
12.
What is kinetic energy?
a)
It is the energy stored due to movement of an object
b)
It is the energy stored when an object is not moving at all
c)
It is the energy stored inside materials without any motion
d)
It is the energy stored when an object changes shape slowly
13.
What is chemical energy?
a)
Energy stored in chemical bonds, such as in food, batteries and fuels
b)
Energy stored in materials only when they are stretched or bent
c)
Energy stored when objects move in different directions
d)
Energy stored in objects that give out heat when touched
14.
What is thermal energy?
a)
The total kinetic and potential energies of the particles in a substance
b)
The total amount of light radiated from glowing objects in a room
c)
The total movement of electrons flowing in an electrical circuit
d)
The total amount of sound created when objects vibrate quickly
15.
What type of energy can be a store or a transfer?
a)
Thermal energy can be a store or a transfer
b)
Kinetic energy can be a store but never a transfer
c)
Chemical energy can be a transfer but never a store
d)
Gravitational energy can only be a store with no transfer
16.
What is elastic potential energy?
a)
Energy stored when things are stretched or squeezed to change shape
b)
Energy stored when objects are lifted upward against gravity
c)
Energy stored in particles moving quickly in a warm material
d)
Energy stored in fuels that react slowly over long periods
17.
What is gravitational potential energy?
a)
Energy stored when an object is lifted away from a source of gravity
b)
Energy stored when an object is squeezed tightly by another
c)
Energy stored when particles vibrate inside warm materials
d)
Energy stored only inside chemical fuels and materials
18.
What transfers electrical energy?
a)
The flow of current in a circuit transfers electrical energy
b)
The movement of light waves through empty space transfers energy
c)
The shaking of objects that vibrate transfers all electrical energy
d)
The movement of heated air transfers electrical energy directly
19.
What do electrons carry in a circuit?
a)
Electrons carry this energy as they move in the circuit
b)
Electrons carry only heat without any electrical charge
c)
Electrons carry light waves instead of electrical charge
d)
Electrons carry no energy unless the circuit is removed
20.
What transfers sound energy?
a)
Sound energy is transferred from vibrating objects
b)
Sound energy is transferred only when objects glow brightly
c)
Sound energy is transferred by electrons flowing in wires
d)
Sound energy is transferred when liquids are heated strongly
21.
What is light?
a)
Light is a type of wave given off from luminous objects
b)
Light is a type of solid that forms when objects cool down
c)
Light is a type of sound produced from vibrating particles
d)
Light is a type of gas that spreads through warm air quickly
22.
What type of energy is light?
a)
It is a transfer of energy from luminous objects
b)
It is a stored form of energy inside solid materials
c)
It is a stored type of energy inside stretched objects
d)
It is a stored type of energy held only by heavy objects
23.
Which type of energy is a store?
a)
Chemical energy is a store of energy inside substances
b)
Light energy is a store that travels through empty spaces
c)
Sound energy is a store that moves through vibrating objects
d)
Electrical energy is a store that flows through circuits
24.
Which type of energy is a transfer?
a)
Light energy is a transfer given off from luminous objects
b)
Thermal energy is a transfer made only by solid materials
c)
Chemical energy is a transfer released by stretched objects
d)
Gravitational energy is a transfer created by heavy materials
25.
Which of the following is an energy store?
a)
Elastic potential energy is a store when things are stretched
b)
Sound energy is a store when vibrating materials move
c)
Light energy is a store that shines from bright objects
d)
Electrical energy is a store that flows around circuits
26.
Which of the following describes a transfer of energy?
a)
Sound energy is a transfer from vibrating objects
b)
Chemical energy is a transfer stored in food molecules
c)
Gravitational energy is a transfer held when objects lift
d)
Elastic energy is a transfer stored inside stretched objects
27.
Which type of energy can be both a store and a transfer?
a)
Thermal energy can be both a store and a transfer
b)
Light energy can be a store but never a transfer
c)
Sound energy is a store that does not transfer
d)
Chemical energy can transfer but cannot be stored
28.
What is nuclear energy?
a)
Nuclear energy is the energy stored inside an atom
b)
Nuclear energy is the energy stored inside moving objects
c)
Nuclear energy is the energy stored inside stretched materials
d)
Nuclear energy is the energy stored inside chemical fuels
29.
How is nuclear energy used?
a)
It is used in a nuclear power plant to generate electricity
b)
It is used in a power plant to produce light only
c)
It is used in a factory to create chemical fuels
d)
It is used in machines to produce vibrating sounds
30.
What is a change from one form of energy to another called?
a)
An energy transformation
b)
An energy calculation
c)
An energy reduction
d)
An energy increase
31.
What does the law of conservation of energy state?
a)
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can be changed from one form to another
b)
Energy can be created but not destroyed in most situations
c)
Energy is destroyed when it changes from one form to another
d)
Energy only exists when objects are moving quickly
32.
What happens when a moving object experiences friction?
a)
Some of its kinetic energy is transformed into thermal energy
b)
All of its kinetic energy stays the same as it moves
c)
Its kinetic energy changes into chemical energy instantly
d)
Its energy disappears completely as it slows down
33.
What is friction?
a)
A force that resists the sliding or rolling of one object over another
b)
A force that makes objects move faster over surfaces
c)
A force that creates light when objects touch each other
d)
A force that removes all thermal energy from materials
34.
Light energy → Solar panel → ______
a)
Electrical energy
b)
Chemical energy
c)
Sound energy
d)
Gravitational energy
35.
Chemical energy → Car engine → ______
a)
Kinetic energy
b)
Elastic energy
c)
Light energy
d)
Nuclear energy
36.
Electrical energy → Lamp → ______
a)
Light energy
b)
Gravitational energy
c)
Chemical energy
d)
Nuclear energy
37.
Kinetic energy → Friction → ______
a)
Thermal energy
b)
Light energy
c)
Sound energy
d)
Nuclear energy
38.
Chemical energy → Body muscles → ______
a)
Kinetic energy
b)
Light energy
c)
Elastic energy
d)
Electrical energy
39.
Electrical energy → Heater → ______
a)
Thermal energy
b)
Chemical energy
c)
Nuclear energy
d)
Gravitational energy
40.
What does the law of conservation of energy state?
a)
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can be changed from one form to another
b)
Energy is sometimes destroyed when it is transferred to new forms
c)
Energy appears only when objects are moving quickly
d)
Energy can be created when objects heat up
41.
What are unwanted energy transfers often called?
a)
Wasted energy transfers because they are not useful
b)
Stored energy transfers because they are kept safely
c)
Recycled energy transfers because they return later
d)
Increased energy transfers because they gain strength
42.
What is the energy supplied to a device called?
a)
The input energy
b)
The internal energy
c)
The background energy
d)
The external energy
43.
What is the energy transferred usefully by a device called?
a)
The useful output energy
b)
The wasted heat energy
c)
The recycled input energy
d)
The internal stored energy
44.
In energy chains, what happens to energy that is not useful?
a)
It becomes wasted energy that spreads to the surroundings
b)
It becomes stored energy that remains inside the device
c)
It becomes new energy that did not exist before
d)
It becomes gravitational energy that pulls objects down
45.
What does a Sankey diagram show?
a)
How input energy is split into useful and wasted energy
b)
How forces act in opposite directions on objects
c)
How temperature changes inside hot materials
d)
How sound waves travel from vibrating objects
46.
In a Sankey diagram, what does the thickest arrow represent?
a)
The largest amount of energy being transferred
b)
The smallest amount of energy in the system
c)
A force acting on the object constantly
d)
A temperature change inside an object
47.
In a Sankey diagram, what does the downward arrow usually represent?
a)
Wasted energy spreading into the surroundings
b)
Useful energy transferred to a device
c)
Stored energy increasing inside the object
d)
Chemical energy created inside the system
48.
What is efficiency a measure of?
a)
The fraction of energy given to a device that is usefully transferred
b)
The amount of energy a device stores permanently
c)
The total energy inside the surroundings after heating
d)
The fraction of energy a device uses to produce wasted heat
49.
What does the efficiency formula calculate?
a)
How much of the input energy is transferred usefully
b)
How much energy disappears during use
c)
How much energy the device produces by itself
d)
How much kinetic energy objects gain when moving
50.
What is the general formula for efficiency?
a)
Efficiency = useful energy out ÷ total energy in
b)
Efficiency = total energy in ÷ wasted energy out
c)
Efficiency = input energy × wasted energy
d)
Efficiency = useful energy in − wasted energy
51.
How do we turn an efficiency value into a percentage?
a)
Multiply the efficiency by 100
b)
Divide the efficiency by 100
c)
Subtract the efficiency from 100
d)
Multiply the wasted energy by 100
52.
A device has 40 J useful output from 100 J input. What is its efficiency?
a)
0.4
b)
0.25
c)
0.75
d)
0.1
53.
The efficiency of a lamp is 0.30. What is this as a percentage?
a)
0.3
b)
0.03
c)
3.0
d)
0.13
54.
A motor outputs 60 J of useful energy from 120 J of input energy. What is the efficiency?
a)
0.5
b)
0.25
c)
0.75
d)
0.1
55.
A heater has an efficiency of 0.85. What is this in percentage form?
a)
0.85
b)
0.58
c)
0.085
d)
0.15
56.
A device receives 200 J of input energy and transfers 50 J usefully. What is its efficiency?
a)
0.25
b)
0.5
c)
0.75
d)
0.1
57.
An efficiency calculation gives 0.62. What is the percentage?
a)
0.62
b)
0.26
c)
0.062
d)
0.82
58.
A machine transfers 30 J usefully from 150 J of input. What is its percentage efficiency?
a)
0.2
b)
0.3
c)
0.6
d)
0.1
59.
A device has an efficiency of 0.40 and an input energy of 200 J. What is the useful energy out?
a)
80 J
b)
400 J
c)
50 J
d)
120 J
60.
A machine has an efficiency of 0.25 and an input energy of 160 J. What is the useful energy out?
a)
40 J
b)
25 J
c)
100 J
d)
10 J
61.
A lamp outputs 30 J usefully and has an efficiency of 0.30. What is the input energy?
a)
100 J
b)
60 J
c)
30 J
d)
10 J
62.
A heater outputs 70 J usefully with an efficiency of 0.70. What is the total energy in?
a)
100 J
b)
50 J
c)
140 J
d)
70 J
63.
A motor produces 45 J of useful energy at an efficiency of 0.50. What is the input energy?
a)
90 J
b)
45 J
c)
50 J
d)
150 J
64.
A device has an input energy of 300 J and an efficiency of 0.20. How much energy is useful output?
a)
60 J
b)
20 J
c)
120 J
d)
240 J
65.
A process outputs 25 J usefully and has an efficiency of 0.10. What is its input energy?
a)
250 J
b)
2.5 J
c)
50 J
d)
10 J
66.
A system transfers 150 J of useful energy and has an efficiency of 0.75. What is the input energy?
a)
200 J
b)
100 J
c)
150 J
d)
250 J
67.
A machine has an efficiency of 0.60 and produces 90 J of useful energy. What is the input energy?
a)
150 J
b)
60 J
c)
90 J
d)
180 J
68.
A device has 500 J input energy and operates at an efficiency of 0.10. What is the useful energy out?
a)
50 J
b)
10 J
c)
5 J
d)
100 J
69.
What can the efficiency of a device depend on?
a)
The efficiency of a device can depend on its surroundings or situation
b)
The efficiency of a device depends only on its colour or shape
c)
The efficiency of a device depends only on its age or size
d)
The efficiency of a device depends only on the amount of sound it makes
70.
Why do we want to reduce wasted energy?
a)
We want to reduce the amount of energy we waste
b)
We want to increase all wasted heat in devices
c)
We want to make devices lose more energy quickly
d)
We want to remove all input energy from devices
71.
How does insulation help save energy?
a)
It helps keep homes warm in winter and cool in summer so less energy is needed
b)
It makes homes colder so more heating is required
c)
It removes warm air so cooling uses more energy
d)
It creates heat so that extra energy must be added
72.
Why are LED bulbs more efficient?
a)
They use less energy and do not waste as much as heat compared to regular bulbs
b)
They use more energy to produce brighter light than old bulbs
c)
They waste extra energy so that heat can be removed
d)
They need high energy to stay cool during use
73.
Why should appliances be turned off when not in use?
a)
It stops them from wasting energy on standby
b)
It increases their standby energy so they warm up
c)
It makes them use more electricity while switched off
d)
It allows them to waste heat even when unplugged
74.
What is true about energy-efficient appliances?
a)
They use less electricity to do the same jobs as older ones
b)
They require more electricity to perform simple tasks
c)
They produce extra wasted heat during every task
d)
They always use the maximum energy available
75.
Why is reducing water heating energy helpful?
a)
It helps cut down the amount of energy needed for heating water
b)
It increases the energy demand for heating water daily
c)
It makes water heating less efficient during use
d)
It causes more wasted energy in the heating system
76.
What is electricity?
a)
Electricity is a form of energy
b)
Electricity is a form of solid matter
c)
Electricity is a stored type of heat
d)
Electricity is a type of light wave
77.
What flows when electricity is produced?
a)
Tiny, negatively-charged particles called electrons
b)
Tiny, positively-charged particles called protons
c)
Heavy particles called neutrons
d)
Light waves moving through the air
78.
What type of energy is involved in most ways of generating electricity?
a)
Kinetic energy is involved in most ways of generating electricity
b)
Thermal energy is involved in most ways of generating electricity
c)
Light energy is involved in most ways of generating electricity
d)
Chemical energy is involved in most ways of generating electricity
79.
How is kinetic energy used to generate electricity?
a)
Moving gases or liquids can be used to turn turbines
b)
Still solids can be used to heat metals
c)
Stationary objects can be used to create sparks
d)
Quiet materials can be used to glow and shine
80.
Which energy source type usually begins with kinetic energy?
a)
Most renewable energy sources start with kinetic energy
b)
Most renewable energy sources start with thermal energy
c)
Most renewable energy sources start with nuclear energy
d)
Most renewable energy sources start with light energy
81.
What do non-renewable energy sources start with?
a)
Non-renewable energy sources start with chemical energy
b)
Non-renewable sources start with kinetic energy
c)
Non-renewable sources start with thermal energy
d)
Non-renewable sources start with electrical energy
82.
What energy is released when fossil fuels are burned?
a)
Thermal energy is released when fossil fuels are burned
b)
Light energy is released when fossil fuels are burned
c)
Elastic energy is released when fossil fuels are burned
d)
Nuclear energy is released when fossil fuels are burned
83.
What does thermal energy do in the power station process?
a)
Thermal energy boils water, producing steam to turn turbines
b)
Thermal energy freezes water, stopping the turbine movement
c)
Thermal energy cools water so turbines slow down
d)
Thermal energy condenses steam before turbines move
84.
What energy store is found in coal?
a)
Coal has a store of chemical energy
b)
Coal has a store of nuclear energy
c)
Coal has a store of light energy
d)
Coal has a store of sound energy
85.
What happens to energy after coal is burned?
a)
Energy is transferred as heat to water and steam
b)
Energy is transferred as light to surrounding air
c)
Energy is transferred as sound to the turbine blades
d)
Energy is transferred as electricity before heating occurs
86.
What energy store do water and steam have?
a)
Water and steam have a store of thermal energy
b)
Water and steam have a store of electrical energy
c)
Water and steam have a store of chemical energy
d)
Water and steam have a store of gravitational energy
87.
How does the steam move the turbine?
a)
Energy is transferred as kinetic energy to the turbine
b)
Energy is transferred as nuclear energy to the turbine
c)
Energy is transferred as light energy to the turbine
d)
Energy is transferred as chemical energy to the turbine
88.
What does the turbine pass energy to?
a)
The turbine passes energy to the generator
b)
The turbine passes energy to the coal store
c)
The turbine passes energy to the water tank
d)
The turbine passes energy to the light source
89.
What type of energy does the generator produce?
a)
Energy transferred as electricity
b)
Energy transferred as thermal heat
c)
Energy transferred as chemical fuel
d)
Energy transferred as sound vibrations
90.
What are turbines connected to in order to generate electricity?
a)
Turbines are connected to generators with magnets and surrounded by coils of wire
b)
Turbines are connected to furnaces with pipes and surrounded by gas burners
c)
Turbines are connected to cooling towers with pumps and surrounded by water pipes
d)
Turbines are connected to condensers with fans and surrounded by air ducts
91.
How do moving magnets help generate electricity?
a)
The moving magnets cause electrons to flow, changing kinetic energy to electrical energy
b)
The moving magnets cool the steam, changing thermal energy to kinetic energy
c)
The moving magnets heat the wires, changing chemical energy to thermal energy
d)
The moving magnets compress the air, changing sound energy to kinetic energy
92.
What does the turbine do in the power station?
a)
High-pressure steam drives the turbine blades, which rotate and power the generator
b)
Cold water drives the turbine blades, which rotate and heat the furnace
c)
Moving air drives the turbine blades, which rotate and condense steam
d)
Electrical currents drive the turbine blades, which rotate and boil water
93.
What happens inside the generator?
a)
Kinetic energy from the turbine blades is converted into electrical energy
b)
Chemical energy from the furnace is converted into light energy
c)
Thermal energy from the steam is converted into gravitational energy
d)
Sound energy from the blades is converted into elastic energy
94.
What happens in the furnace?
a)
Fossil fuels burn in the furnace, transferring chemical energy to thermal energy that heats water
b)
Fossil fuels cool in the furnace, transferring thermal energy to gravitational energy
c)
Fossil fuels freeze in the furnace, transferring light energy to sound energy
d)
Fossil fuels condense in the furnace, transferring electrical energy to kinetic energy
95.
What is the purpose of the cooling tower?
a)
The cooling tower supplies cold water to the condenser to cool the steam
b)
The cooling tower supplies hot air to the turbine to heat the blades
c)
The cooling tower supplies electricity to the generator to start rotation
d)
The cooling tower supplies steam to the furnace to raise the temperature
96.
What happens in the condenser?
a)
Steam passes through cold water, condensing into liquid water that is returned to the furnace
b)
Steam passes through hot air, turning into gas that is stored in the turbine
c)
Steam passes through bright light, turning into energy that powers the generator
d)
Steam passes through moving magnets, producing sound that cools the system
97.
How can electricity be generated directly from sunlight?
a)
The Sun's rays shine on a large array of solar cells
b)
The Sun's heat boils water inside a power station
c)
The Sun's light spins turbine blades directly
d)
The Sun's rays heat metal coils to release electrons
98.
What do solar cells do when sunlight shines on them?
a)
Solar cells absorb the energy of the rays, and electricity is produced
b)
Solar cells reflect all sunlight, causing no energy to form
c)
Solar cells store the rays as chemical energy for later use
d)
Solar cells heat water to produce steam for turbines
99.
Why is solar energy sometimes unreliable?
a)
Sunlight varies and stops at night
b)
Clouds produce too much electricity during storms
c)
Solar panels cannot work when the air moves quickly
d)
Sunlight increases too strongly during the night
100.
Why do solar panels need a large area?
a)
They require a large area for solar panels
b)
They must be placed on very small roofs only
c)
They cannot work unless surrounded by tall buildings
d)
They need to be close together to produce heat
101.
What is a cost-related disadvantage of solar energy?
a)
Expensive initial costs
b)
Expensive ongoing fuel costs
c)
High cost of replacing solar fuel every month
d)
High cost of burning sunlight for energy
102.
Why is solar energy considered renewable?
a)
It is renewable
b)
It is stored underground and used once
c)
It is produced by burning fossil fuels
d)
It is made by heating coal in power plants
103.
Why does solar energy not contribute to global warming?
a)
It does not contribute to global warming
b)
It releases large amounts of carbon dioxide
c)
It produces heat that warms the air strongly
d)
It burns fuel that releases greenhouse gases
104.
Why is solar energy useful in remote locations?
a)
It is useful in remote locations
b)
It requires large power stations nearby
c)
It depends on local fossil fuels to operate
d)
It needs complex pipelines to deliver fuel
105.
What is the fuel cost of solar energy?
a)
No fuel cost
b)
High fuel cost
c)
Moderate fuel cost
d)
Rising fuel cost
106.
What causes wind?
a)
Wind is caused by the effects of the Sun
b)
Wind is caused by the rotation of turbines only
c)
Wind is caused by waves rising and falling
d)
Wind is caused by steam cooling suddenly
107.
Why does air move to create convection currents?
a)
Heated air expands and starts to move around
b)
Heated air freezes and becomes heavier
c)
Heated air sinks quickly without moving
d)
Heated air becomes solid and stops flowing
108.
Why are some parts of the atmosphere heated more than others?
a)
The Sun heats some parts of the atmosphere more than others
b)
The Earth cools all parts of the atmosphere equally
c)
Only the oceans heat the atmosphere at all times
d)
The atmosphere heats itself without sunlight
109.
How are waves formed?
a)
Waves are formed by friction between the wind and the water
b)
Waves are formed by chemicals reacting inside the sea
c)
Waves are formed by sunlight melting the water surface
d)
Waves are formed by the Moon heating the oceans
110.
How can waves generate electricity?
a)
The kinetic energy of the waves can turn a turbine
b)
The chemical energy of the waves can heat a furnace
c)
The thermal energy of the waves can freeze water
d)
The light energy of the waves can boil steam
111.
Why is wave power unreliable?
a)
Wave height changes, and no power is made without waves
b)
Waves always stay the same height all year
c)
Waves become stronger at night only
d)
Waves can be stored easily for later use
112.
Why is wave power expensive?
a)
Machines corrode in saltwater and can be damaged by storms
b)
Machines never need repairs and cost very little
c)
Machines can float forever without damage
d)
Machines are kept safely on land away from waves
113.
Why is wave power renewable?
a)
It is renewable
b)
It uses fossil fuels that run out
c)
It depends on burning fuels for power
d)
It requires chemical fuel to operate
114.
What is hydroelectric power?
a)
Water stored behind a dam is released to turn turbines
b)
Water is heated into steam to push generators
c)
Water freezes into ice to spin blades
d)
Water evaporates to make light energy
115.
What is a disadvantage of hydroelectric power?
a)
Building dams and reservoirs floods land
b)
Hydroelectric power always releases carbon dioxide
c)
Hydroelectric dams produce sulfur dioxide fumes
d)
Hydroelectric stations stop working in sunlight
116.
What makes hydroelectric power reliable?
a)
It has a very short start-up time to meet peaks in demand
b)
It depends entirely on tidal changes each day
c)
It only works during strong storms and winds
d)
It needs fossil fuels to start generating
117.
Why is hydroelectric power renewable?
a)
It is renewable
b)
It uses fuels formed from long-dead organisms
c)
It requires large amounts of coal to operate
d)
It burns oil to heat the water
118.
What is biofuel?
a)
Biomass is dry organic matter from organisms that is used as fuel
b)
Biomass is only water removed from living organisms
c)
Biomass is rock material collected from the ground
d)
Biomass is made from gases trapped in the air
119.
Why can biofuel be reliable?
a)
It is reliable because it can be burnt when needed
b)
It is reliable because it depends on sunlight only
c)
It is reliable because it forms instantly in nature
d)
It is reliable because it never needs burning
120.
What is a disadvantage of biofuel?
a)
Burning fuels indoors can affect health
b)
Burning fuels indoors produces only clean air
c)
Land for biofuels always improves food supply
d)
Biofuel production causes no problems anywhere
121.
What are fossil fuels?
a)
Fossil fuels are formed from long-dead material
b)
Fossil fuels are formed from fresh plants only
c)
Fossil fuels are created by sunlight in deserts
d)
Fossil fuels are made from waves hitting rocks
122.
Which are examples of fossil fuels?
a)
Oil, coal and gas
b)
Wood, water and air
c)
Sunlight, wind and waves
d)
Iron, copper and salt
123.
Why are fossil fuels not renewable?
a)
They are not renewable
b)
They can be replaced instantly
c)
They grow back after each use
d)
They are made fresh every year
124.
How do fossil fuels contribute to global warming?
a)
Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide
b)
Burning fossil fuels removes carbon dioxide
c)
Burning fossil fuels cools the atmosphere
d)
Burning fossil fuels adds only clean air
125.
Which fossil fuel produces the most carbon dioxide?
a)
Coal produces more carbon dioxide than oil and natural gas
b)
Oil produces more carbon dioxide than coal and gas
c)
Gas produces more carbon dioxide than coal
d)
All fossil fuels produce exactly the same amount
126.
What else is produced when burning coal and oil?
a)
Sulfur dioxide, leading to acid rain
b)
Pure oxygen, improving air quality
c)
Nitrogen only, with no harmful effects
d)
Clean steam with no pollution
127.
What is an advantage of fossil fuels?
a)
They produce a large amount of energy
b)
They always run out immediately when used
c)
They cannot produce steady electricity
d)
They stop working whenever demand increases
128.
Why are fossil fuel power stations reliable?
a)
We can burn more fuel when more electricity is needed
b)
They only work during storms and high winds
c)
They depend entirely on wave height to run
d)
They stop generating when demand increases
129.
What is nuclear fuel?
a)
Nuclear fuel releases energy through the splitting of a large heavy nucleus
b)
Nuclear fuel releases energy by freezing water into ice blocks
c)
Nuclear fuel releases energy by burning gases in the air
d)
Nuclear fuel releases energy by melting rocks inside the ground
130.
What is nuclear fission?
a)
The splitting of a large heavy nucleus into two or more smaller nuclei
b)
The freezing of a nucleus until it becomes solid
c)
The joining of small nuclei into a single heavy nucleus
d)
The heating of atoms until they evaporate completely
131.
Why is nuclear fuel not renewable?
a)
It is not renewable
b)
It grows back only after millions of years
c)
It replaces itself every time it is used
d)
It can be created instantly in power stations
132.
Why is nuclear waste a problem?
a)
Waste is dangerous
b)
Waste becomes harmless immediately
c)
Waste is always safe to touch
d)
Waste disappears when cooled
133.
What is a major risk of nuclear power stations?
a)
Accidents can be catastrophic
b)
Accidents never cause damage
c)
Accidents always produce clean air
d)
Accidents only affect the turbines
134.
Why is nuclear energy powerful?
a)
It provides a lot of energy from a small mass of fuel
b)
It provides very little energy even from large fuel masses
c)
It releases energy only when heated strongly
d)
It needs huge amounts of fuel for small energy output
135.
Why is nuclear fuel a concentrated energy store?
a)
It is a very concentrated store of energy in the form of nuclear energy
b)
It is a weak store of energy that spreads quickly
c)
It stores energy only as chemical bonds
d)
It stores energy as moving air inside atoms
136.
What is geothermal energy?
a)
Geothermal power involves the use of underground sources of heat
b)
Geothermal power involves only the heating of air at the surface
c)
Geothermal power involves using sunlight to heat water
d)
Geothermal power involves burning fuels deep underground
137.
What is a disadvantage of geothermal energy?
a)
It is only available at a few places where hot rocks are close to the surface
b)
It requires fossil fuels to operate every day
c)
It produces large amounts of carbon dioxide
d)
It depends entirely on changes in wave height
138.
Why is geothermal energy renewable?
a)
It is renewable
b)
It relies on burning fuels
c)
It is produced only by chemical reactions
d)
It requires oil and gas to function
139.
Why does geothermal energy not contribute to global warming?
a)
It does not contribute to global warming
b)
It releases carbon dioxide every day
c)
It produces sulfur dioxide during operation
d)
It relies on burning coal for heat
140.
What is the fuel cost of geothermal energy?
a)
No fuel cost
b)
High fuel cost
c)
Fuel cost depends on sunlight
d)
Fuel cost increases every year
141.
What is tidal energy?
a)
A tidal power station generates electricity using moving water
b)
A tidal power station burns fuels to generate steam
c)
A tidal power station uses sunlight to heat turbines
d)
A tidal power station relies on wind to spin blades
142.
What is a disadvantage of tidal energy?
a)
Flooding estuaries for power stations can destroy wetlands
b)
Tidal energy always produces carbon dioxide
c)
Tidal energy stops whenever the air temperature changes
d)
Tidal power stations never affect local habitats
143.
Why can tidal energy be expensive?
a)
It has expensive initial building costs
b)
It requires fuel to be bought daily
c)
It uses turbines that wear out every week
d)
It uses machines that cannot survive in water
144.
Why can tidal energy affect wildlife?
a)
Building tidal barrages can destroy wetlands, important habitats
b)
Tidal stations create habitats for large animals
c)
Tidal stations remove all water from estuaries
d)
Tidal stations produce only clean and empty landscapes
145.
Why can tidal energy affect transport?
a)
The barrage can block shipping routes
b)
The barrage increases shipping speed
c)
The barrage creates new routes for ships
d)
The barrage has no effect on waterways
146.
Why is tidal energy renewable?
a)
It is renewable
b)
It is made by burning fossil fuels
c)
It relies on chemical reactions underground
d)
It is produced only during storms
147.
Why does tidal energy not contribute to global warming?
a)
It does not contribute to global warming
b)
It releases large amounts of greenhouse gases
c)
It produces carbon dioxide when tides rise
d)
It requires burning coal for power
148.
Why is tidal energy reliable?
a)
Tides are predictable, making it a reliable energy resource
b)
Tides change randomly at all times
c)
Tides only occur once every few months
d)
Tides disappear completely during the day
149.
What is the fuel cost of tidal energy?
a)
No fuel cost
b)
High fuel cost
c)
Medium fuel cost
d)
Rising fuel cost
150.
What is a force?
a)
A force is a push or pull that arises from the interaction between objects
b)
A force is a stored amount of energy inside an object
c)
A force is the heat given off when objects touch each other
d)
A force is the brightness produced by moving particles
151.
Can forces be seen directly?
a)
Forces can't be seen, but the effects of a force can be seen
b)
Forces can be seen clearly without any effects
c)
Forces glow when they act on objects
d)
Forces make objects visible when they are moving
152.
What are forces measured in?
a)
Forces are measured in newtons (N)
b)
Forces are measured in joules (J)
c)
Forces are measured in watts (W)
d)
Forces are measured in volts (V)
153.
Which is something a force can make an object do?
a)
Speed up or start moving
b)
Become heavier without moving
c)
Produce heat without touching anything
d)
Glow brightly in the dark
154.
Which is another effect of a force?
a)
Change direction
b)
Create electricity in a circuit
c)
Produce sound waves automatically
d)
Increase temperature instantly
155.
What is gravitational force?
a)
A force of attraction between all objects with mass
b)
A force that pushes all objects away from each other
c)
A force that only acts on objects with no mass
d)
A force that heats objects when they touch
156.
What is weight?
a)
The force due to gravity causing us to be attracted to the Earth
b)
The mass stored inside our bodies due to gravity
c)
The size of an object measured without gravity
d)
The shape of an object when it is stretched
157.
What force acts on an object resting on a surface?
a)
A reaction force acting at right angles to the surface
b)
A friction force acting in the direction of motion
c)
A magnetic force acting through the object's centre
d)
A drag force pushing the object sideways
158.
What do frictional forces do?
a)
Frictional forces always oppose the motion of an object
b)
Frictional forces always increase the motion of an object
c)
Frictional forces push objects in the same direction they move
d)
Frictional forces remove all contact between objects
159.
What is drag force?
a)
A type of frictional force that occurs when an object moves through a fluid
b)
A type of magnetic force that pushes objects upward
c)
A type of gravitational force acting on solids only
d)
A type of tension acting through ropes and chains
160.
What causes air resistance?
a)
Particles of air collide with an object and slow its motion
b)
Particles of air speed up the motion of all objects
c)
Particles of air disappear when objects move quickly
d)
Particles of air create gravity for moving objects
161.
What is thrust?
a)
A force produced by an engine that speeds up the motion of an object
b)
A force that slows down engines and reduces motion
c)
A force that pulls objects downwards toward Earth
d)
A force that only acts when objects are resting
162.
What upward force acts on submerged objects?
a)
A fluid exerts an upward push force on submerged objects
b)
A fluid exerts a downward pull force on all objects
c)
A fluid creates no force on submerged objects
d)
A fluid creates sideways forces only
163.
What is electrostatic force?
a)
A force between objects with charge; like charges repel and opposite charges attract
b)
A force between any hot objects that glow brightly
c)
A force between objects with mass but no charge
d)
A force between objects that produce sound waves
164.
What is magnetic force?
a)
A force between objects with magnetic poles; like poles repel and opposite poles attract
b)
A force between any objects that contain liquids
c)
A force between objects that heat each other
d)
A force between objects moving through gases
165.
When does tension occur?
a)
When a pull force is exerted on each end of an object that is stretched
b)
When an object is pushed gently from one side
c)
When an object moves freely without touching anything
d)
When an object rotates without being stretched
166.
What is a vector?
a)
A quantity that has both magnitude and direction
b)
A quantity that has magnitude but no mass
c)
A quantity that has direction but no size
d)
A quantity that changes only when heated
167.
Why is weight a vector quantity?
a)
It is a force and has both magnitude and direction
b)
It has magnitude but no direction at all
c)
It changes size but never changes direction
d)
It depends on the shape of the object
168.
What is displacement?
a)
A measure of how far it is between two points in space, including the direction
b)
A measure of how long an object stays still in one place
c)
A measure of the total path travelled regardless of direction
d)
A measure of mass without any movement
169.
Why is displacement a vector?
a)
It has both magnitude and direction
b)
It has magnitude but no direction at all
c)
It has direction but no length at all
d)
It changes direction only when force is added
170.
What is a scalar?
a)
A quantity that has magnitude but not direction
b)
A quantity that has direction but no magnitude
c)
A quantity that changes direction only
d)
A quantity that depends on forces only
171.
Why is mass a scalar?
a)
It has magnitude but no direction
b)
It has direction but no magnitude
c)
It changes direction when pushed
d)
It always depends on gravitational force
172.
What is distance?
a)
A measure of how far an object has travelled, regardless of direction
b)
A measure of the straight line from start to finish
c)
A measure of the direction only of a path
d)
A measure of mass gained during motion
173.
Why is distance a scalar?
a)
It has a magnitude but no direction
b)
It has direction but no magnitude
c)
It changes when forces act on it
d)
It only applies to objects standing still
174.
What is a resultant force?
a)
A single force that describes all of the forces operating on a body
b)
A force that changes only the shape of an object
c)
A force that always removes direction from motion
d)
A force that does not affect an object in any way
175.
What do forces in opposite directions do?
a)
They are subtracted from each other
b)
They are added to make a larger force
c)
They always cancel to zero automatically
d)
They remove all motion from the object
176.
What do forces in the same direction do?
a)
They are added together
b)
They are subtracted into a smaller force
c)
They cancel each other out completely
d)
They increase mass but not motion
177.
What do balanced forces mean?
a)
They cancel each other out so there is no resultant force
b)
They add up to create a strong acceleration
c)
They always produce a change in motion
d)
They remove the weight of the object
178.
What do unbalanced forces mean?
a)
The forces do not cancel out, so there is a resultant force
b)
The forces always cancel out fully
c)
The forces act only when objects are standing still
d)
The forces remove gravity from the situation
179.
A box is pushed right with 10 N and left with 4 N. What is the resultant force?
a)
6 N to the right
b)
14 N to the left
c)
10 N to the left
d)
4 N to the right
180.
A toy car is pulled forward with 12 N and backwards with 5 N. What is the resultant force?
a)
7 N forward
b)
17 N backward
c)
5 N forward
d)
12 N backward
181.
Two people push a crate in the same direction with 8 N and 6 N. What is the resultant force?
a)
14 N in that direction
b)
2 N in that direction
c)
8 N in the opposite direction
d)
6 N in the opposite direction
182.
A boat is pushed north with 20 N and south with 9 N. What is the resultant force?
a)
11 N north
b)
29 N south
c)
11 N south
d)
9 N north
183.
A cyclist experiences 15 N forward thrust and 15 N air resistance. What is the resultant force?
a)
0 N (balanced forces)
b)
30 N forward
c)
15 N backward
d)
1 N forward
184.
A child pulls a sled with 9 N to the right while friction is 3 N left. What is the resultant force?
a)
6 N right
b)
12 N left
c)
3 N right
d)
9 N left
185.
A drone moves upward with 18 N lift and downward with 10 N weight. What is the resultant force?
a)
8 N upward
b)
28 N downward
c)
10 N upward
d)
18 N downward
186.
A robot arm pushes downward with 25 N while an upward support force of 20 N acts. What is the resultant force?
a)
5 N downward
b)
45 N upward
c)
5 N upward
d)
20 N downward
187.
What is weight?
a)
The force due to gravity on something, measured in Newtons and a vector
b)
The mass of an object measured in kilograms and a scalar
c)
The size of an object measured without gravity
d)
The amount of material in an object without any force
188.
Why is weight measured in newtons?
a)
Because weight is a force
b)
Because weight depends only on shape
c)
Because weight increases with temperature
d)
Because weight is always the same everywhere
189.
What is mass?
a)
All of the matter in an object, measured in kilograms
b)
The force acting on an object due to gravity
c)
The length of an object measured in metres
d)
The energy stored in an object at rest
190.
What does mass measure?
a)
The amount of material an object is made of
b)
The amount of gravity acting on an object
c)
The distance travelled by an object
d)
The direction in which a force acts
191.
What is the formula for weight?
a)
Weight = mass × gravitational field strength
b)
Weight = gravitational field strength ÷ mass
c)
Weight = mass ÷ gravitational field strength
d)
Weight = mass + gravitational field strength
192.
A mass of 10 kg is in a gravitational field of 10 N/kg. What is its weight?
a)
100 N
b)
10 N
c)
20 N
d)
1 N
193.
A mass of 5 kg is in a gravitational field of 9.8 N/kg. What is its weight?
a)
49 N
b)
14.8 N
c)
5 N
d)
980 N
194.
A mass of 20 kg is in a gravitational field of 10 N/kg. What is its weight?
a)
200 N
b)
20 N
c)
100 N
d)
2 N
195.
A mass of 2 kg is in a gravitational field of 9.8 N/kg. What is its weight?
a)
19.6 N
b)
2 N
c)
98 N
d)
9.8 N
196.
An object has a weight of 50 N in a gravitational field of 10 N/kg. What is its mass?
a)
5 kg
b)
50 kg
c)
10 kg
d)
500 kg
197.
An astronaut has a weight of 120 N on a planet with g = 6 N/kg. What is their mass?
a)
20 kg
b)
720 kg
c)
12 kg
d)
2 kg
198.
A rock has a mass of 8 kg and a weight of 80 N. What is the gravitational field strength?
a)
10 N/kg
b)
8 N/kg
c)
1 N/kg
d)
80 N/kg
199.
A box weighs 147 N and its mass is 15 kg. What is the gravitational field strength?
a)
9.8 N/kg
b)
10 N/kg
c)
15 N/kg
d)
147 N/kg
200.
A bag weighs 30 N in a gravitational field strength of 6 N/kg. What is its mass?
a)
5 kg
b)
36 kg
c)
24 kg
d)
180 kg
201.
What does mass describe?
a)
All the “stuff” something has
b)
The force of gravity on an object
c)
How strong the pull of gravity is
d)
The amount of force needed to lift something
202.
What does weight describe?
a)
The force of gravity on mass
b)
The amount of material something contains
c)
The size of an object without gravity
d)
The mass of an object in kilograms
203.
How does mass change?
a)
Mass always stays the same even in space
b)
Mass changes depending on gravity
c)
Mass increases when gravity gets stronger
d)
Mass disappears when gravity is removed
204.
How does weight change?
a)
Weight changes depending on gravity
b)
Weight always stays the same everywhere
c)
Weight increases only when objects heat up
d)
Weight changes only when mass changes shape
205.
Is mass a force?
a)
Mass is not a force
b)
Mass is a force that pushes objects down
c)
Mass is a force created by movement
d)
Mass is a force caused by friction
206.
Is weight a force?
a)
Weight is a force
b)
Weight is not a force
c)
Weight is only mass measured differently
d)
Weight is a force only in space
207.
What unit is mass measured in?
a)
Kilograms (kg)
b)
Newtons (N)
c)
Joules (J)
d)
Watts (W)
208.
What unit is weight measured in?
a)
Newtons (N)
b)
Kilograms (kg)
c)
Metres (m)
d)
Volts (V)
209.
Which statement describes mass correctly?
a)
Always stays the same even in space
b)
Changes depending on gravity
c)
Depends only on the shape of the object
d)
Always becomes zero in space
210.
Which statement describes weight correctly?
a)
Changes depending on gravity
b)
Always stays the same even in space
c)
Only depends on the temperature of the object
d)
Is always equal to its mass
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