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WorksheetsDAY 3 REVIEW - Cellular Reproduction and Genetics
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 1hrs 1mins
What stage of the cell cycle are cells in the longest amount of time?
Mitosis
Prophase
Cytokinesis
Interphase
The process of cellular reproduction, occuring in three main stages, interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis is called the cell cycle.
True
False
The DNA-containing structure that carries genetic material from one generation to another is called the
mitochondria
chromosome
centriole
vacuole
As a result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the original cell during cytokinesis
donates a chromosome to the original cell.
receives a few chromosomes from the original cell.
receives an exact copy of all the chromosomes present in the original cell.
receives exactly half the chromosomes from the original cell.
The relaxed form of DNA in the nucleus of a cell is called chromatin.
True
False
The cell structure that joins two sister chromatids is called
a centromere
a gene
a nucleic acid
DNA
What is the term for programmed cell death?
Apoptosis
Cancer
Meiosis
Cyclin
What two molecules act as checkpoints to start or stop the next phase of the cell cycle?
Chromatin and chromosomes
Centrioles and centromeres
Enzymes and nucleic acids
Cyclins and CDKs
What kinds of things do cell cycle checkpoints watch out for? (check all that apply)
Has the DNA been replicated correctly?
Is the DNA free of mutations and ready to replicate?
Did photosynthesis and cell respiration happen enough?
Are the chromosomes lined up correctly?
Has the cell grown to the right size?
Which answers go along with mitosis?
Which answers relate to meiosis?
One purpose of mitosis is
Why does meiosis reduce the number of chromosomes of cells? (Select all that apply)
To provide genetic variation in organisms
To make all organisms genetically identical
To allow organisms to be genetically different
To reduce the possiblities of mutations within the DNA
Which answers relate to asexual reproduction?
Which event during meiosis leads to a reduction in chromosome number from 2n to n?
Pairs of homologous chromosomes line up at the equater.
DNA undergoes replication.
Homologous chromosomes travel to opposite sides of the cell.
Sister chromatids are pulled apart at the centromere.
The development of organs and tissues from a zygote includes
mitosis and differentation
meiosis and gamete production
mitosis and gamete production
meiosis and fertilization
Which are forms of asexual reproduction?
What does DNA form in the first step of mitosis?
Genes
Nucleotides
Chromosomes
Cells
How are the reproductive cells in the picture below different from other body cells?
They have double the amount of chromosomes.
They have half the amount of chromosomes.
They have no chromosomes.
They have triple the amount of chromosomes.
A section of a chromosome that codes for a trait is called a
gene
nitrogen base
nucleotide
codon
Inherited traits are passed from parents to offspring ___________________.
by cell division
through genes located on chromosomes
during spontaneous generation
in unpredictable patterns through body cells
If an organism’s body cells have 12 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will the sex cells have?
12
24
6
36
Which of the following is true of genes?
Genes are sections of DNA.
Genes are found on chromosomes.
Genes are found in cells.
All of the answers are correct.
What is the correct order of the three stages of the cell cycle?
DNA in the nucleus can take two forms. (a) is the relaxed form of DNA. While (b) are condensed structures that contain the DNA that are visible during mitosis.
The uncontrolled growth and division of cells, which is a failure in the regulation of the cell cycle.
Carcinogens
mitosis
meiosis
Structures that contain identical copies of DNA
sister chromosomes
centromeres
chromatins
What is the correct order for the phases of mitosis?
A substance that is known to cause cancer
chromosome
protein
chromatin
Not all cells survive, some go through a process of programmed cell death called what?
DNA sections that control the production of proteins.
Sex cells with half the number of chromosomes formed during meiosis
Centromeres
A kind of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes by half to create haploid cells
Apoptosis
Cell cycle
A (a) cell contains two copies of each chromosome. While a (b) cell contains one copy of each chromosome.
A micrograph that arranges homologous chromosomes according to size
mitosis
gamete
meiosis
Unspecialized cells that have the potential to develop into specialized cells
Haploid cells
cancer cells
Diploid cells
The pair of chromosomes that determines an individual’s gender
Gametes
Autosomes
Karyotypes
Sex chromosomes are different in male and female. Which statement is correct?
Males are XX and Females are XY.
Males are ii and Females are XX.
Males are XY and Females are XX.
Males are XY and Females are ii.
Polygenic traits are controlled by more than 1 pair of genes. Give an example.
Freckles
Eye Color
Dimples
Widows Peak
What helps determine genotypes that are created from organisms mating?
A test cross
Mitosis
DNA replication
Somatic Cells
Which type of allele is masked or hidden in this example: Hh
The dominant one
The homozygous one
The heterozygous one
The recessive one
True or False: Recessive traits can skip generations and show up in a later cross.
True
False
Umm.. sometimes?
If you have an unaffected woman who is carrying a recessive sex-linked trait on her X chromosome, what is the likelihood she will pass that recessive trait on if she mates with a man who has that recessive trait?
0%
25%
50%
75%
To have a baby who has type O blood, what allele would each parent HAVE to be carrying?
Ia
Ib
Iab
i
Hemophilia is considered a sex-linked disorder. Why?
It only affects one sex.
It is recessive and carried on a sex chromosome: X.
It is recessive and carried on a sex chromosome: Y.
It impacts the sex of the baby that you'll have.
Why do sex-linked disorders carried on the X chromosome impact males more than females?
Because males only get one X and if it's affected, they automatically get the disorder.
Because males have a weaker immune system.
Because males have 2 X chromosomes.
Because males are more likely to get bad X chromosomes from their Dad.
Why do we use Punnett squares?
They show how many traits are passed on
They show the probability of passing one trait to offspring
They show how many offspring can be created.
They show disorders through many generations.
Monohybrid means...
the trait has one dominant and one recessive allele
the trait has many dominant and recessive alleles
the trait will always be homozygous
the trait is going to cause a disorder
If two parents show a dominant trait but their baby shows a recessive trait, what does this mean?
The baby cannot be theirs.
The baby has a mutation.
Both parents must've been heterozygous.
Both parents were homozygous dominant.
What is incomplete dominance?
when neither allele is dominant over the other so they both show up
when neither allele is dominant over the other so they blend or mix to make a new phenotype
when both alleles are dominant so they show up equally
when one allele is dominant over the other one
Incomplete Dominance: white flowers (Cw, Cw) and red flowers (Cr, Cr) make pink flowers (Cr,Cw). If a red and pink flower mated, what is the probability of having a pink flower?
25%
50%
75%
100%
How does crossing over in meiosis help with traits?
It adds diversity by giving new allele combinations
It adds mutations which allows for diversity.
It makes extra copies of chromosomes which makes more traits.
Crossing over doesn't occur in meiosis, it happens in mitosis.
Independent assortment is when genes separate to pass on different traits. This is seen when there are:
Identical twins sharing the same traits
Step-siblings
Fraternal twins who have different traits from different sperm/egg
Independent assortment doesn't really happen.
True or False: In crossing over when genes are shared and then the gamete is made, every cell that is created from that gamete will get all of that genetic information.
True
False
What would the parents genotype be in this Punnett square?
ii, IbIb
ii, IaIb
Iai, IbIb
Iai, IaIb
Blood types are an example of:
Simple dominance
Multiple allele inheritance
Incomplete dominance
A= Dimples
a= No dimples
What is true about both parents?
Both parents are homozygous and have dimples.
Both parents are homozygous and don't have dimples.
Both parents are heterozygous and don't have dimples.
Both parents are heterozygous and have dimples.
A= Dimples
a= No dimples
What is true about the offspring?
There are 3 different genotypes possible.
There are 3 different phenotypes possible.
50% will not have dimples.
25% will have dimples.
T= Widows Peak
t= Normal hair line
If a heterozygous female mated with a homozygous recessive male, what percentage of their offspring would have a widows peak?
25%
50%
75%
100%
In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.
recessive
dominant
both
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
aa
Aa
AA
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
Bb
BB
bb
Which of the following alleles is purebred recessive?
Tt
tt
TT
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance their baby is blue eyed?
0 %
25%
50%
75%
Aa, DD, Ba, and yy are all examples of ---
genotypes
phenotypes
Brown eyes are dominant over blue eyes. What is the probability that the offspring will have brown eyes in this cross?
25%
50%
75%
100%
B = brown fur b = white fur
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?
0%
25%
50%
75%
The blending of two traits is known as ---
incomplete dominance
codominance
A condition in which both alleles for a gene are expressed so that both traits are visible is known as ---
Codominance
Incomplete dominance
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
Incomplete dominance
Codominance
This is an example of ---
Incomplete dominance
Codominance
