During a rally, a tennis player volleys the ball and their hat falls off onto the court. Their opponent stops playing and complains. What is the correct ruling?

Which sport requires competitors to carry a handkerchief on them at all times while competing?

During the elimination rounds of the Olympic Games, an individual archer steps onto the shooting line for their match-play turn. The archer nocks an arrow, draws their bow, and carefully aims. The match clock starts the moment it is their turn to shoot. According to the official Olympic archery rules, what is the maximum time the archer is allowed to release each arrow?

During a closely contested water polo match, a defender, struggling to prevent an attacker from scoring, delivers a quick kick to the opponent underwater. According to the official water polo rules, what is the correct interpretation of this action?

During the 1500m, a runner steps once completely on the inside line of the curve without gaining a place. Officials see it but the runner continues. What should the referee decide?

In a competitive rowing race, one crew’s oar unexpectedly snaps mid-stroke, causing the boat to veer slightly. The crew calls out to the officials for a restart, arguing equipment failure. What do the rules state?

During a badminton rally, a player performs a high defensive lift. As they move backward, their racket accidentally touches the net tape while the shuttle is still in play. The opponent immediately stops and claims a fault. How should the umpire rule?

In an Olympic sprint cycling (track cycling) match, one rider slows dramatically on the home straight in a tactical move, causing the opponent to nearly collide from behind. The trailing rider claims dangerous riding. What do officials decide?

During a rugby union match, a player attempts to catch a high kick but misjudges it, and the ball bounces off their shoulder and travels forward. The opposing team immediately calls for a knock-on. What is the correct ruling?

A footballer twists their knee while pivoting and immediately hears a “pop”. Their knee swells rapidly within 1–2 hours. What’s the most likely diagnosis?

A competitive swimmer develops anterior shoulder pain during freestyle. Pain worsens with overhead movement. What’s the most likely pathology?

A boxer presents with pain over the anatomical snuffbox after punching incorrectly during sparring. What injury must you suspect?

A cricket fast bowler complains of chronic lower back pain on the non-bowling side. Imaging shows a stress reaction in the pars interarticularis. What’s the pathology?

During a bar routine, a gymnast feels sudden pain at the front of the shoulder and struggles to push up into handstands. What’s the most likely injury?

Which athlete is nicknamed the “King of Clay” and has won a record 14 titles at the French Open using a Babolat Aero racket?

Which snowboarder, sponsored by Burton, was the first to successfully land the Double McTwist 1260 in competition?

Which athlete wore customised Nike Zoom Superfly spikes when breaking the 400m world record in 43.03 seconds?

Which cricketer uses the Gray-Nicolls “Fusion” bat and scored a record 254 in a single Test innings for England?

(Refer to the image)

Which sport uses a cesta?

Which sport is shown in the image?

Which sport uses a stick covered in oolichan gut grip tape, made of laminated blade?

Identify the sport shown in the image below:

During a blistering Australian Open afternoon, Serena Williams suddenly doubles over, dizzy, glassy-eyed, and stumbling as she wipes sweat from her forehead. What should happen first?

In the 43rd minute, Christian Eriksen suddenly collapses face-first with no contact. Teammates instantly call for medics. He’s unresponsive, not breathing normally, and turning pale. What is the first line of action?

Lindsey Vonn crashes at high speed on a downhill slope, tumbling violently. She lies still, gasping, and clutching her back while medics rush over. First line of action?

After a bad landing in hurdles training, Jessica Ennis-Hill grabs her ankle, struggling to stand. Swelling starts instantly. First line of action?

Post-race, Hamilton is pale, trembling, sweating heavily, and struggles to answer questions. He says he “feels faint,” but his skin is cool, not hot. He had minimal food before the race. Best FIRST action?

Holmes suddenly cannot catch her breath. She is upright, panicked, breathing rapidly, but no wheeze, peak flow meter reads normal, and symptoms worsen when you ask her to slow her breathing. Best FIRST action?

After a dislocation mechanism tackle, he reports shoulder numbness and cannot lift the arm from the side. Deltoid contraction is absent. Arm pulses are normal. Best FIRST action?

A. Attempt gentle relocation to relieve nerve pressure C. Apply ice then attempt range-of-motion tests D. Perform strength testing of rotator cuff muscles

Farrell takes a tackle and lands awkwardly. He’s conscious but clutching his knee in severe pain. When asked, he says his neck also “feels weird”, but he keeps trying to sit up, distracted by the knee pain. FIRST action?

Following a high-speed descent crash, Chris Froome is breathing rapidly. He is pale, clutching his chest, and reports sharp pain that worsens with inhalation. Breath sounds on one side seem reduced. FIRST action?

During altitude training, Wiggins becomes breathless, confused, and struggles to coordinate movements. His lips appear slightly blue. Pulse is fast; breathing is deep but ineffective. FIRST action?

Which of the following would contribute to SEM portfolio points but is not mandatory for application?

Which route is NOT an accepted pathway into SEM ST3?

Which body sets the curriculum and standards for SEM in the UK?

SEM higher specialty training usually runs from which ST grades?

Which is a mandatory part of SEM higher training?

Which background is an equally valid route into SEM ST3 training?

Where is "commitment to specialty" assessed for SEM?

Which best describes most UK SEM consultants’ work?

In the 2025 national recruitment round, what was the approximate competition ratio for SEM ST3 posts in the UK?

Which portfolio domain typically carries the greatest scoring weight at SEM ST3 application?

Which rotator cuff muscle is responsible for initiating abduction of the arm?

What does damage to the common peroneal (fibular) nerve cause?

Which nerve is the deltoid muscle innervated by?

Which nerve is most likely injured in a surgical neck fracture of the humerus?

Which of the following nerves is the axillary nerve?

Which of the following muscles is innervated by the radial nerve?

Which tendon in the human body can withstand the highest tensile load—up to nearly 1,000 pounds—making it stronger than steel by weight?

Dehydration of just 2% of body weight can noticeably impair athletic performance.

What common sports injury is known as “the unhappy triad,” involving damage to three major knee structures?

Which electrolyte is most commonly lost in sweat and is responsible for muscle firing and nerve conduction?

What bone is fractured most often in sports—especially in contact and cycling injuries—because of its curved shape and location?