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ACP PREP

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

This organelle is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Nucleoid

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Ribosomes

2.

Eukaryotic Cells have the following...

SELECT ALL that apply

a)

Genetic Material

b)

Capsid

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Cell Wall

3.

In the cell theory, new cells are made from old cells via cell........

a)
division
b)
formation
c)
replication
d)
growth
4.

What are other similarities

a)

Both have cell membrane

b)

Both have a Cell wall

c)

DNA

d)

both cells float in one spot

5.
How is this organism best classified?
a)
unicellular & eukaryotic
b)
multicellular & eukaryotic
c)
unicellular & prokaryotic
d)
multicellular & prokaryotic
6.
What is the function of A?
a)
movement through watery environment
b)
store genetic instructions
c)
stick to host cells
d)
store genes for antibiotic resistance
7.
All cells have DNA.
a)
True
b)
False
8.
Where are proteins made?
a)
Golgi body
b)
Mitoichondria
c)
Chromosomes
d)
Ribosomes
9.
I am the outer most layer of an animal cell. What am I?
a)
cell wall
b)
nucleus
c)
cell membrane 
d)
cell skin
10.
A fossilized cell is discovered, and evidence suggests it reproduced on its own and had DNA, but a membrane did not enclose its DNA. Which type of organism would this most likely be?
a)
prokaryote
b)
eukaryote
c)
plant cell
d)
animal cell
11.

Which process does this chemical formula represent?

a)
Photosynthesis
b)

Cellular Respiration

12.

Which process occurs inside of mitochondria?

a)
Photosynthesis
b)

Cellular Respiration

13.

Which process occurs inside of chloroplasts?

a)
Photosynthesis
b)

Cellular Respiration

14.

Identify the process.

PRODUCT: GLUCOSE (C6H12O6)

a)
Photosynthesis
b)

Cellular Respiration

15.

Identify the process.

REACTANT: GLUCOSE (C6H12O6)

a)
Photosynthesis
b)

Cellular Respiration

16.
Enzymes are considered to be 
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
17.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
18.
Some bacteria live in hot springs. Their cells contain enzymes that function best at temperatures of 70 °C or higher. At the temperature of 50 °C, how will the enzymes in these bacterial cells most likely be affected?
a)
The enzymes will be destroyed by lysosomes
b)
The enzymes will lose their bond structure and fall apart.
c)
The enzymes will require less energy to function than at 70 °C.
d)
The enzymes will not increase the rate of reactions as much as they would at 70 °C. 
19.
Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell.  Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?
a)
reducing the number of products   
b)
reducing the activation energy
c)
increasing the temperature of the cell
d)
increasing the concentration of reactants 
20.
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
21.
In the diagram, what is letter A? 
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
22.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
23.
Letter C...
a)
active site
b)
enzymes
c)
substrate
d)
products
24.
Enzymes provide a site where reactants called substrates can be brought together in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The site is called the
a)
enzyme substrate complex.
b)
reaction site.
c)
active site.
d)
lock and key.
25.

What type of macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Lipids

d)

Nucleic acids

26.

What is the primary function of lipids in biological organisms?

a)

To provide structural support

b)

To store energy

c)

To catalyze reactions

d)

To transmit genetic information

27.

Which of the following statements is true about proteins?

a)

They are composed of nucleotides.

b)

They are the main source of genetic information.

c)

They are made up of amino acids.

d)

They are primarily used for energy storage.

28.

Which of the following elements are found in all macromolecules? (Select all that apply).

a)
b)
c)
d)
29.

Which macromolecule stores energy?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Lipids/Fats

d)

Nucleic Acids

30.

This is one job proteins do not have in the body.

a)

structure for tissues and organs

b)

transport things through cell membranes

c)

speed up chemical reactions

d)

insulation

31.

What do viruses need to reproduce?

a)

they need genetic material

b)

They need a host cell

c)

They need bacteria

d)

They need insulin

32.

How does a virus cause a person to develop the common cold?

a)

invades the host cell to reproduce

b)

removes energy from the host cell

c)

produces toxins in the host cell

d)

protects the host cell from bacteria

33.

A virus can be classified by its type of

a)

mitochondria

b)

chromosomes

c)

nucleic acid

d)

carbohydrates

34.
A(n) _____ is a virus that enters a bacterial cell.
a)
endospore
b)
decomposer
c)
plasmid
d)
bacteriophage
35.
When a virus invades a living cell, its _______
takes over the cell's functions.
a)
outer coat
b)
genetic material
c)
core
d)
cytoplasm
36.
What part of the phage is the DNA?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
37.
True or False
The flu is caused by a virus.
a)
true
b)
false
38.
Antibiotics kill viruses
a)
True
b)
False
39.

What part of a virus is the protein capsule that houses the genetic material (DNA/RNA)?

a)

tail

b)

nucleus

c)

capsid

d)

glycoprotein

40.

Which viral life cycle kills its host cell by lysing (exploding)?

a)

lytic

b)

mitosis

c)

lysogenic

d)

S phase

41.

Which viral life cycle allows viral genetic material to lay dormant while the host cell reproduces?

a)

lytic

b)

mitosis

c)

lysogenic

d)

S phase

42.

What is in the center of the virus?

a)

Nucleic Acids (RNA or DNA)

b)

Nucleus

c)

Capsid

d)

Glycoproteins (surface markers)

43.

Protects the genome of a virus. Made out of protein.

a)

Capsid

b)

Nucleus

c)

Glycoproteins (surface markers)

d)

Nucleic Acids (DNA or RNA)

44.

How do vaccines work against viruses?

a)

Vaccines are like antibiotics, except they work against viruses.

b)

Vaccines prepare the immune system to fight the virus without harming the host.

c)

Vaccines make it impossible for a virus to enter a host cell.

d)

Vaccines find viral DNA or RNA and cut it to pieces, making the virus unable to replicate.

45.

How does Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) replicate?

a)

Lytic Cycle

b)

Lysogenic Cycle

c)

Mitosis

d)

Binary fission

46.

How does influenza (flu virus) replicate?

a)

Lytic Cycle

b)

Lysogenic Cycle

c)

Mitosis

d)

Binary fission

47.

Should a doctor give a patient antibiotics to treat a disease caused by a virus?

a)

Yes, because antibiotics will stop the cellular processes of the virus, helping the patient get better faster.

b)

Yes, because antibiotics will kill bacteria in the body, giving the immune system an easier time fighting the virus.

c)

No, because diseases caused by viruses are always deadly, meaning that the patient cannot be saved.

d)

No, because viruses are not cells, and antibiotics target cellular processes.

48.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
49.
How does RNA differ from DNA?
a)
RNA contains uracil and deoxyribose
b)
RNA contains ribose and thymine
c)
RNA contains uracil and ribose
d)
RNA contains adenine and ribose
50.

What is the correct order to make a protein?

a)

Protein, DNA, RNA

b)

RNA, DNA, Protein

c)

DNA, RNA, Protein

d)

Protein, RNA, DNA

51.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
52.

What makes up the SIDES of a DNA ladder?

a)

nitrogen bases

b)

sugars & phosphates

c)

genes & chromosomes

d)

RNA

53.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
54.
I include the bases Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine and Uracil .
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
55.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
56.
The following picture must be
a)
DNA because it's double stranded
b)
RNA because it's single stranded
c)
DNA because it's single stranded
d)
RNA because it's double stranded
57.
The sugar in DNA is ____________________.
a)
deoxyribose
b)
ribose
58.
I include the bases Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine and Thymine.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
59.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

60.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

61.

mRNA occurs during this process

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Delivery

62.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA

a)

UUGACUU

b)

TTGACTT

c)

AACTGAA

d)

AACUGAA

63.
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
a)
base
b)
codon
c)
amine
d)
serine
64.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
65.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
66.

What is the location in the cell for translation?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Lysosome

d)

Golgi apparatus

67.

How many nucleotides code for 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

68.

Use the CODON CHART to answer the following question.


CCG UUG ACC GCG


What is the sequence of amino acids that will be translated from the mRNA above?

a)

proline - threonine - alanine - luecine

b)

proline - leucine - threonine - alanine

c)

proline - phenylalanine - tyrosine - arginine

d)

arginine - leucine - threoinine - alanine

69.

Use your codon chart to answer the following question:


AUG AGA ACG CCG


What is the amino acid sequence from the mRNA above?

a)

methionine - arginine - proline - threoinine

b)

methionine - alanine - threoinine - proline

c)

methionine - arginine - threoinine - proline

d)

methionine - proline- arginine - threoinine

70.

Use the CODON CHART to answer the following question.


What amino acid is coded for by the codon CAG?

a)

histidine

b)

tyrosine

c)

valine

d)

glutamine

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