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3.1 Conditions for natural selections

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the process where animals live or die based on their adaptations to their environment.

a)

Genetic Drift

b)

Natural Selection

c)

The Circle of Life

d)

Mammoth

2.

Which word describes the word "variation"?

a)

Adaptations

b)

Differences

c)

Traits

d)

Genetics

3.
When an organism of a species has an adaptation, it will compete for resources better, survive longer and pass that adaptation on to it's offspring. This process is called
a)
evolution by natural selection
b)
artificial selection
c)
inbreeding
d)
outbreeding
4.
Who was the naturalist that traveled the world to study plants and animals?
a)
Albert Einstein
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Charles Barkley
d)
Isaac Newton
5.
Do organisms "decide" to evolve and change?
a)
Yes, they know they need to change to survive 
b)
No, they change because of natural selection
6.

According to natural selection, light colored tree trunks would favor

a)

light colored moths

b)

dark colored moths

c)

red colored moths

d)

red and light colored moths

7.

A fox with thicker fur than average would have a survival advantage over other foxes if:

a)

There is more competition for food in the fox population.

b)

The air temperature significantly decreases in winter.

c)

A drought occurs, limiting the amount of water available.

d)

A new disease appears that infects the foxes.

8.

The phrase "Survival of the Fittest" would best describe...

a)

Natural selection

b)

Artificial selection

c)

Selective breeding

d)

None of the above

9.
Organisms with the most beneficial traits will survive.  This is commonly known as
a)
theory of evolution.
b)
variations.
c)
survival of the fittest.
d)
ecosystems.
10.
Behavioral changes of individuals of a species that allow for better survival. (Acquired traits)
a)
Variation
b)
Adaptation
c)
Behavior
d)
Environment
11.
Why is the mouse population changing over time?
a)
The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice
b)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste better
c)
The hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easily
d)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily
12.

Speciation can occur as a result of geographic isolation because _________.

a)

members of a species can no longer find mates

b)

populations that live in different environments may be exposed to different selection pressures

c)

exchange of genes during recombination

d)

movement of genes within a population because of interbreeding

13.

How does natural selection lead to evolution?

a)

By individuals choosing to change their characteristics

b)

Through random changes that happen without any reason

c)

By beneficial adaptations becoming more common in a population over generations

d)

By all members of a species evolving at the same rate

14.
When an organism completely dies out, it is called.....
a)
Adaption
b)
Extinction
c)
Fossilization
d)
Mutation
15.

The father of evolution is

a)

Jean Baptiste Lamarck

b)

Charles Darwin

c)

Gregor Mendel

d)

Rbbert Hooke

16.

Which natural selection step is described? A spider lays thousands of eggs.

a)

overproduction

b)

genetic variation

c)

struggle to survive

d)

successful reproduction

17.

Which natural selection step is described? A shark eats the fish that has shorter fins and cannot swim as fast.

a)

overproduction

b)

genetic variation

c)

struggle to survive

d)

successful reproduction

18.

Which natural selection step is described? Iguanas on the Galapagos Islands may look the same, but some have stronger jaws, some swim faster and others have longer claws.

a)

overproduction

b)

genetic variation

c)

struggle to survive

d)

successful reproduction

19.

Choose all the causes of a species becoming extinct:

a)

over hunting or over harvesting

b)

deforestation

c)

natural environmental changes

20.

All of the plants compete for room in the canopy of the forest to get the most sunlight.

a)

Overproduction

b)

Variation

c)

Struggle to Survive

d)

Survival of the Fittest

e)

Inheritance of Traits

21.

Organisms produce more offspring than can survive

a)

Overproduction

b)

Variation

c)

Struggle to Survive

d)

Survival of the Fittest

e)

Inheritance of Traits

22.

Individuals born with better traits are more likely to "win" and survive.

a)

Overproduction

b)

Variation

c)

Struggle to Survive

d)

Survival of the Fittest

e)

Inheritance of Traits

23.

Offspring are genetically different and have slightly different traits.

a)

Overproduction

b)

Variation

c)

Struggle to Survive

d)

Survival of the Fittest

e)

Inheritance of Traits

24.

There is a competition for available resources.

a)

Overproduction

b)

Variation

c)

Struggle to Survive

d)

Survival of the Fittest

e)

Inheritance of Traits

25.

There are many kittens in a litter.

a)

Overproduction

b)

Variation

c)

Struggle to Survive

d)

Survival of the Fittest

e)

Inheritance of Traits

26.

All of the antelope are different. Some have longer legs and are faster than others.

a)

Overproduction

b)

Variation

c)

Struggle to Survive

d)

Survival of the Fittest

e)

Inheritance of Traits

27.

Select the best answer based on the image.

a)

Gene Flow

b)

Genetic Drift

28.
The difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals in a group is called a(n)
a)
change
b)
adaption
c)
species
d)
variation
29.

What are any difference between organisms of the same species

a)

Homologous Structure

b)

Diversity

c)

Fossil

d)

Variation

30.

Which moth is better adapted to an environment with light trees?

31.

Look at the Image below. Which grasshoppers are going die faster in a green field? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Brown
Green
Both
Neither
32.

In this example, the variation is the ​ (a)   and the adaptation is the ​ (b)   . This is because of the selecting agent, ​ the (c)   . Therefore, the ​short neck giraffes will be ​ (d)   . On the other hand, the long neck giraffes will be ​ (e)  

Choose from the below words
neck length
long neck
height of the trees
unable to eat and survive and reproduce
able to eat and survive and reproduce
food preference
short neck
33.
Question Image

a)

camoflouge

1.

The ability to blend in with your surroundings

b)

antibiotics

2.

A medicine that kills disease causing bacteria

c)

variation

3.

A difference among species that allows some to better survive

d)

Darwin

4.

The first person to recognize genetic variations

e)

mutation

5.

A change in an organisms DNA

34.

The ​ (a)   mice will survive over the ​ (b)   mice because they can camouflage. Over time, there will be a ​ (c)   black mice and ​ (d)   tan mice.

Choose from the below words
black
tan
large population (or all)
little to no
35.

The differences between the wings of these moths, which are all the same species, is an example of (a)  

Choose from the below words

Natural Selection

Variation

Homeostasis

Extinction

36.

Match the following terms to their definitions:

a)

Describes the differences in DNA among individuals within a species

1.

Genetic Variation

b)

The formation of new and distinct species through the course of evolution.

2.

Speciation

c)

The selective breeding of plants and animals to promote the occurrence of desirable traits in offspring

3.

Artificial Selection

d)

A change in the allele frequency of a population as a result of chance events rather than natural selection.

4.

Genetic Drift

e)

Random errors in gene replication that lead to a change in the sequence of nucleotides. These are the source of all genetic diversity and new alleles.

5.

Mutations

37.

If Easter eggs were living species of organisms, their different colors would be considered:

a)

Adaptations

b)

Variations

c)

Different species

d)

Extinct species

38.

Males of the bighorn sheep species fight one another to show females who is the dominant male and are more likely to mate with females.

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Mutation

c)

Genetic Drift

d)

Non-Random Mating

39.

Insects become resistant to pesticides very quickly, sometime in one generation. If an insect is resistant to the chemical, most of the offspring will also be resistant. Considering that insect generations can be a matter of weeks, insects in an area can become immune to a chemical within months.

a)

Mutation

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Genetic Drift

d)

Gene Flow

40.

A chemical spill causes the offspring of ladybugs to have blue dots instead of black dots.

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Genetic Drift

c)

Mutation

d)

Gene Flow

41.

In a habitat there are red bugs and green bugs. The birds prefer the taste of the red bugs, so soon there are many green bugs and few red bugs. The green bugs reproduce and make more green bugs and eventually there are no more red bugs

a)

Genetic Drift

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Gene Flow

d)

Mutation

42.

Females a certain bird species are attracted to the mating calls of male species more than others

a)

Genetic Drift

b)

Mutation

c)

Non-Random

d)

Natural Selection

43.

Which combination of characteristics in a population would provide the greatest potential for evolutionary change?

a)

Small population, low mutations rates

b)

Large population, low mutation rates

c)

Small population, high mutation rates

d)

Large population, high mutation rates

44.
Wolves from the Arizona mesa were transferred to the Colorado Rockies after a forest fire destroyed their habitat. They quickly became part of the local pack and had offspring.
a)
Mutation
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Genetic Drift
d)
Gene Flow
45.
Gene Flow tends to ___________ genetic variation (diversity)
a)
Increase
b)
Decrease
c)
Stabilize
d)
Exaggerate 
46.

Bats are common in Texas, especially in rocky regions. Bats with longer hang claws have demonstrated higher fitness because of their ability to cling to rock while resting. This adaptation is becoming more frequent in the population. What mechanism of evolution is this?

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Non-random mating

c)

Gene Flow

d)

Genetic Drift

47.

Match the following

a)
1.

Organism

b)
2.

Population

c)
3.

Community

d)
4.

ecosystem

e)
5.

biosphere

48.

This is one of the mechanisms of evolution; it is a continuous process in which organisms with traits that make them better-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than organisms without such adaptations

a)

Directional selection

b)

Microevolution

c)

Gene flow / genetic drift

d)

Natural selection

49.

Humans have changed physically over millions of years. ​ (a)   is a change in a species over the span on many generations.

Choose from the below words
Evolution
Natural selection
Genetic drift
Fitness
50.

When the environment changes, a helpful physical trait that helps an organism survive can be called an (a)  

Choose from the below words
adaptation
extinction
possibility
mutation
51.

Match the following scenarios to the cause of evolution it describes

a)

light colored animals living in a dark habitat are easily observable and are preyed upon more quickly; over generations, their fur color becomes darker

1.

natural selection

b)

various breeds of horses were created by selective breeding

2.

artificial selection

c)

millions of years ago a brown bear's offspring had a defective gene which prevented it from creating fur pigmentation; now polar bears exist

3.

mutation

d)

a landslide kills off a large part of a plant population; the population's gene pool is greatly changed and future generations lack genetic diversity

4.

genetic drift

52.

Evolution works on ​​ (a)   NOT on ​ (b)  

Choose from the below words
Species
Individuals
53.

Which of the following statements about mutations is true?

a)

All mutations are beneficial

b)

Mutations occur in response to environmental changes

c)

Mutations are random changes in the DNA sequence

d)

Mutations are always harmful

54.

What is the role of mutations in evolution?

a)

They always harm the organism

b)

They provide genetic variation for natural selection to act upon

c)

They prevent speciation

d)

They eliminate genetic diversity

55.

Which of the following is an example of a mutation?

a)

A bird learning to sing a new song

b)

A change in the DNA sequence of an organism

c)

A plant growing towards the light

d)

A predator hunting its prey

56.

Evolution can be described as changes in a ​ (a)   over ​ (b)   .

Choose from the below words
population
many generations
(an) individual
one generation
57.

The rock pocket mouse lives in the black rocks of Arizona. Due to genetic mutations, the fur color of the mouse has evolved to a dark color. This mutation has increased the survival and reproduction of the species as they are able to hide better from predators.

This type of mechanism of evolution is called ________________.

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Genetic Drift

c)

Gene Flow

58.

Mutations are a change in what?

a)

DNA

b)

tRNA

c)

protein

d)

rRNA

59.

Plants need light for photosynthesis. If a seedling grows quickly it can reach the sunlight more easily. Over time, the number of fast growing seedlings will ​ (a)   and the number of slow growing seedings will ​ (b)   .

Choose from the below words
increase
decrease
stay the same
60.

Humans have changed physically over millions of years. ​ (a)   is a change in a species over the span on many generations.

Choose from the below words
Evolution
Natural selection
Genetic drift
Fitness
61.

What term describes the process by which organisms with traits best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce?

a)

Mutation

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Gene Flow

d)

Extinction

62.

Adaptations can be:

a)

camouflage

b)

ability to survive cold weather

c)

hunting skills

d)

all of the above

63.

Differences in traits are called:

a)

natural selection

b)

genetic variations

c)

artificial selection

d)

adaptations

64.

A species could go extinct if:

a)

food becomes more plentiful.

b)

members of the species have adaptations to enhance survival.

c)

the environment changes drastically and no one can adapt.

d)

there is less competition for resources.

65.

What is most likely to happen to moth populations in the picture shown?

a)

Light moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population increase

b)

Dark moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population increase

c)

Light moths--hunted easily, light moths--population increase

d)

Lights moths will change their color to match dark moths.

66.

A yellow morph and green morph of an insect lives in the rainforest canopy. You would expect:

a)

the green population to increase and the yellow to decrease

b)

both populations should stay the same

c)

both populations will increase

d)

the green population to decrease and the yellow to increaseThis is a wrong answer

67.
What process is being shown in this image?
a)
Variation
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Selective Breeding
d)
Homeostasis
68.
Do organisms "decide" to evolve and change?
a)
Yes, they know they need to change to survive 
b)
No, they change because of natural selection
69.

Match the following

a)

the movement of genes into or out of a population

1.

Gene Flow

b)

Random chance; small population

2.

Genetic Drift

c)

A sudden change in one or more characteristics due to a change in a gene

3.

Mutation

d)

Occurs due to physical difference as a result of a genetic difference

4.

Non-Random Mating

e)

The movement of organisms from one place to another

5.

Migration

70.

Which of the following represents migration?

a)

b)

c)

d)