wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

Biology Semester Exam 2025

Total questions: 140

Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following statements is not true about tissues?

a)

They are found in all life-forms.

b)

They can work together with other tissues.

c)

They are made of eukaryotic cells.

d)

They are specialized to do a particular task.

2.

Which of the following organisms do not consist of eukaryotic cells?

a)

Plants

b)

Humans

c)

Bacteria

d)

Animals

3.

A cell’s genetic material, consisting of DNA, RNA, and associated proteins, is collectively known as

a)

Chromatin

b)

Nucleic acid

c)

The nucleolus

d)

The nucleoid

4.

When cells and the solution surrounding them contain equal amounts of solute, the solution is

a)

Hypotonic

b)

Hypertonic

c)

Isotonic

d)

Merotonic

5.

Which two types of transport across a cell membrane require the use of transport proteins in the cell membrane?

a)

Passive transport and diffusion

b)

Osmosis and active transport

c)

Facilitated diffusion and active transport

d)

Diffusion and osmosis

6.

Prokaryotic cellular organelles are surrounded by membranes.

a)

False

b)

True

7.

Photosynthesis happens in the grana of chloroplasts.

a)

False

b)

True

8.

In the diagram shown below, Region A is the hydrophobic portion of the lipid bilayer in a cell membrane.

a)

False

b)

True

9.

Semipermeable membranes allow particles in a solution to pass through in both directions.

a)

True

b)

False

10.

Passive transport can move particles from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration.

a)

True

b)

False

11.

Exocytosis is a form of active transport that moves substances out of a cell.

a)

True

b)

False

12.

Life comes from things that aren’t alive.

a)

Spontaneous generation

b)

Preformation theory

c)

Cell theory

13.

All living things are made of cells.

a)

Preformation theory

b)

Cell theory

c)

Spontaneous generation

14.

Cells come only from other cells.

a)

Cell theory

b)

Preformation theory

c)

Spontaneous generation

15.

Eggs and sperm contain miniature people that grow to adulthood.

a)

Cell theory

b)

Preformation theory

c)

Spontaneous generation

16.

The organelle that provides strength and rigidity to the cells of plants, fungi, algae, and bacteria is the

a)

Cell wall

b)

Central vacuole

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Nucleoid

17.

The organelle that lines up amino acids to form proteins, sometimes found on endoplasmic reticulum, is the

a)

Flagellum

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoskeleton

d)

Nucleoid

18.

A system of fibers that helps maintain a cell’s shape and acts as a kind of track for moving substances within the cell is the

a)

Ribosome

b)

Cytoskeleton

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleoid

19.

Everything within a cell except the nucleus, containing cytosol, is

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Golgi apparatus

20.

Which macromolecule is the main source of energy for cells?

a)

Nucleic acid

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Carbohydrate

21.

Which of the following is not a function of proteins?

a)

Catalyzing reactions

b)

Transporting molecules

c)

Structural support

d)

Storing genetic information

22.

Monosaccharides are building blocks of

a)

Proteins

b)

Nucleic acids

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Lipids

23.

DNA and RNA are composed of

a)

Fatty acids

b)

Nucleotides

c)

Monosaccharides

d)

Amino acids

24.

Which process breaks down glucose to release energy?

a)

Transcription

b)

Cellular respiration

c)

Translation

d)

Photosynthesis

25.

Enzymes are primarily made of

a)

Lipids

b)

Nucleic acids

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Proteins

26.

Which of the following is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals?

a)

Chitin

b)

Glycogen

c)

Starch

d)

Cellulose

27.

Which type of bond holds amino acids together in proteins?

a)

Covalent

b)

Peptide

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Ionic

28.

Saturated fats differ from unsaturated fats because they

a)

Are liquid at room temperature

b)

Have double bonds in their fatty acids

c)

Contain nitrogen

d)

Have no double bonds in their fatty acids

29.

The nucleus of a cell contains

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

DNA

30.

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with

a)

Vacuoles

b)

Ribosomes

c)

DNA

d)

Lipids

31.

Lysosomes contain

a)

Cell wall components

b)

Ribosomes

c)

DNA

d)

Digestive enzymes

32.

The plasma membrane is primarily composed of

a)

Carbohydrates only

b)

DNA and RNA

c)

Cytoskeleton fibers

d)

Phospholipids and proteins

33.

Which structure is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Central vacuole

c)

Ribosome

d)

Golgi apparatus

34.

The main function of cilia and flagella is

a)

Energy production

b)

Protein synthesis

c)

Cellular movement

d)

Storing genetic material

35.

A prokaryotic cell lacks

a)

Membrane-bound organelles

b)

DNA

36.

The cytoskeleton functions in

a)

Maintaining cell shape

b)

DNA replication

c)

Protein synthesis

d)

Energy production

37.

Passive transport moves substances

a)

From low to high concentration

b)

Only with energy

c)

From high to low concentration

d)

Against the concentration gradient

38.

Active transport requires

a)

No energy

b)

ATP

c)

Diffusion

d)

Osmosis

39.

Osmosis refers to the movement of

a)

Water

b)

Solutes

c)

Proteins

d)

Lipids

40.

When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, it

a)

Shrinks

b)

Swells

c)

Divides

d)

Stays the same

41.

Facilitated diffusion requires

a)

Ribosomes

b)

DNA

c)

Transport proteins

d)

Energy

42.

Endocytosis is the process by which

a)

Proteins are synthesized

b)

Cells expel material

c)

Cells engulf material

d)

ATP is produced

43.

Exocytosis differs from endocytosis because

a)

It uses no transport vesicles

b)

It releases substances out of the cell

c)

It only occurs in hypertonic solutions

d)

It moves substances into the cell

44.

A semipermeable membrane allows

a)

Some substances to pass selectively

b)

Everything to pass freely

c)

Only solutes to pass

d)

Only water to pass

45.

Which of the following is an example of passive transport?

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Diffusion of oxygen

c)

Sodium-potassium pump

d)

Exocytosis

46.

A hypotonic solution has

a)

Higher solute concentration than the cell

b)

Lower solute concentration than the cell

c)

No water

d)

Equal solute concentration

47.

Before a cell divides, it must first

a)

Split its cytoplasm

b)

Replicate its DNA

c)

Remove its organelles

d)

Shrink in size

48.

The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell grows and performs normal functions is

a)

S phase

b)

G1 phase

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

M phase

49.

DNA replication occurs during

a)

M phase

b)

G2 phase

c)

S phase

d)

G1 phase

50.

Mitosis results in

a)

Two different daughter cells

b)

Four daughter cells

c)

Two identical daughter cells

d)

One daughter cell

51.

The process of cytoplasm division is called

a)

Telophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Cytokinesis

52.

Which phase of mitosis is characterized by chromosomes lining up in the center of the cell?

a)

Telophase

b)

Anaphase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Prophase

53.

During anaphase,

a)

The nuclear envelope reforms

b)

Sister chromatids separate

c)

Chromosomes replicate

d)

Cells perform normal functions

54.

Cancer cells differ from normal cells because they

a)

Divide uncontrollably

b)

Never divide

c)

Lack DNA

d)

Have larger cytoplasm

55.

Which structure organizes the microtubules during cell division?

a)

Lysosome

b)

Ribosome

c)

Centrosome

d)

Golgi apparatus

56.

Checkpoints in the cell cycle help

a)

Ensure cells divide correctly

b)

Digest unnecessary proteins

c)

Stop division entirely

d)

Speed up division

57.

The study of heredity is called

a)

Genetics

b)

Physiology

c)

Ecology

d)

Cytology

58.

Alleles are

a)

Chromosomes

b)

Different forms of a gene

c)

Cell organelles

d)

Proteins

59.

A heterozygous organism has

a)

Two identical alleles

b)

Only one allele

c)

Two different alleles

d)

No alleles

60.

Mendel’s law of segregation states that

a)

Alleles separate during gamete formation

b)

Traits blend evenly

c)

Genes from different traits mix freely

d)

Dominant traits disappear

61.

The physical appearance of an organism is its

a)

Chromosome number

b)

Allele

c)

Genotype

d)

Phenotype

62.

A Punnett square is used to

a)

Predict genetic outcomes

b)

Map chromosomes

c)

Identify proteins

d)

Measure DNA

63.

A recessive trait is expressed when

a)

There are multiple dominant alleles

b)

Two recessive alleles are present

c)

One dominant allele is present

d)

The gene mutates

64.

In humans, males have

a)

No sex chromosomes

b)

Two X chromosomes

c)

Two Y chromosomes

d)

One X and one Y chromosome

65.

Crossing over occurs during

a)

Prophase I of meiosis

b)

Metaphase of mitosis

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

DNA replication

66.

Gametes are

a)

Somatic cells

b)

Bacterial cells

c)

Reproductive cells

d)

Stem cells

67.

The process by which species change over time is called

a)

Genetics

b)

Evolution

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Ecology

68.

Natural selection favors

a)

Traits that disappear

b)

Random mutations only

c)

Traits that reduce survival

d)

Traits that increase reproductive success

69.

Variation in a population is caused by

a)

Neither A nor B

b)

Mutation

c)

Sexual reproduction

d)

Both A and B

70.

Homologous structures indicate

a)

No evolutionary relation

b)

Common ancestry

c)

Adaptation to environment only

d)

Similar function only

71.

Fossils provide evidence for

a)

Protein synthesis

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Evolutionary history

d)

Cellular transport

72.

The process by which unrelated species develop similar traits is

a)

Genetic drift

b)

Divergent evolution

c)

Convergent evolution

d)

Speciation

73.

Genetic drift is

a)

Mutation

b)

Natural selection

c)

Random change in allele frequency

d)

Nonrandom selection

74.

The modern synthesis combines

a)

Anatomy and physiology

b)

Chemistry and evolution

c)

Genetics and evolution

d)

Evolution and ecology

75.

82. Speciation occurs when

a)

Populations become reproductively isolated

b)

Individuals evolve rapidly

c)

Cells divide

d)

DNA mutates in one cell

76.

83. Adaptation is

a)

Always harmful

b)

Random mutation only

c)

A heritable trait that increases survival

d)

A change in an organism during its lifetime

77.

84. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment is

a)

Cytology

b)

Evolution

c)

Ecology

d)

Genetics

78.

85. A community plus its physical environment is called

a)

Ecosystem

b)

Biosphere

c)

Population

d)

Biome

79.

86. Producers are organisms that

a)

Consume energy

b)

Decompose dead matter

c)

Make their own food

d)

Eat other organisms

80.

87. Consumers are organisms that

a)

Make their own food

b)

Consume other organisms

c)

Produce oxygen

d)

Store energy

81.

88. Decomposers

a)

Are always plants

b)

Consume producers only

c)

Break down dead organisms

d)

Make energy

82.

89. The role an organism plays in an ecosystem is its

a)

Population

b)

Habitat

c)

Niche

d)

Trophic level

83.

90. Energy in ecosystems flows

a)

In waves

b)

Randomly

c)

One-way from producers to consumers

d)

Cyclically

84.

91. A food chain shows

a)

The number of organisms

b)

Genetic relationships

c)

Energy transfer between organisms

d)

Water movement

85.

92. The maximum population size an environment can support is the

a)

Growth rate

b)

Limiting factor

c)

Carrying capacity

d)

Biotic potential

86.

93. Symbiosis includes all of the following except

a)

Mutualism

b)

Competition

c)

Parasitism

d)

Commensalism

87.

94. The organ system that transports nutrients and oxygen is the

a)

Digestive system

b)

Circulatory system

c)

Respiratory system

d)

Nervous system

88.

95. The main function of the respiratory system is

a)

Digest food

b)

Exchange gases

c)

Filter waste

d)

Pump blood

89.

96. The digestive system begins with the

a)

Esophagus

b)

Intestine

c)

Mouth

d)

Stomach

90.

97. The nervous system is responsible for

a)

Pumping blood

b)

Coordinating body activities

c)

Digesting food

d)

Storing minerals

91.

The skeletal system provides

a)

Protection and support

b)

Nutrients

c)

Blood filtration

d)

Hormones

92.

The main function of the kidneys is

a)

Pumping blood

b)

Transporting oxygen

c)

Controlling hormones

d)

Filtering waste from blood

93.

Hormones are produced by the

a)

Endocrine system

b)

Circulatory system

c)

Digestive system

d)

Nervous system

94.

Muscles are attached to bones by

a)

Ligaments

b)

Tendons

c)

Fascia

d)

Cartilage

95.

The immune system protects the body from

a)

Nutrients

b)

Pathogens

c)

Oxygen

d)

Injuries only

96.

Red blood cells carry

a)

Carbon dioxide only

b)

Oxygen only

c)

Both oxygen and carbon dioxide

d)

Hormones

97.

The function of the endocrine system is

a)

Filter blood

b)

Digest food

c)

Produce hormones that regulate body functions

d)

Coordinate voluntary movement

98.

Which process best describes the scientific method?

a)

Guessing and making assumptions

b)

Debating opinions without evidence

c)

Observing, hypothesizing, experimenting, concluding

d)

Memorizing facts from textbooks

99.

Which organ system primarily exchanges gases with the environment?

a)

Immune system

b)

Skeletal system

c)

Respiratory system

d)

Digestive system

100.

Which component of the circulatory system directly facilitates gas exchange in tissues?

a)

Capillaries

b)

Arteries

c)

Lymph nodes

d)

Veins

101.

In biology, life is best defined by

a)

Movement without energy use

b)

Possession of complex tools

c)

Organization, metabolism, growth, response, reproduction

d)

Ability to make art and culture

102.

The basic unit of life is the

a)

Organ

b)

Molecule

c)

Atom

d)

Cell

103.

Living things share all the following characteristics except

a)

Growth and development

b)

Reproduction

c)

Response to environment

d)

Photosynthesis

104.

The process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment is called

a)

Metabolism

b)

Homeostasis

c)

Evolution

d)

Respiration

105.

A hypothesis is

a)

An opinion

b)

An educated guess

c)

A proven fact

d)

A law

106.

The scientific method begins with

a)

Experiment

b)

Hypothesis

c)

Observation

d)

Conclusion

107.

The part of an experiment that changes is called the

a)

Dependent variable

b)

Independent variable

108.

115. The factor that is measured in an experiment is the

a)

Dependent variable

b)

Hypothesis

c)

Independent variable

d)

Control variable

109.

117. A molecule that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed is called a(n)

a)

Substrate

b)

Product

c)

Catalyst

d)

Solvent

110.

119. Which macromolecule stores genetic information?

a)

Lipid

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic acid

111.

120. Which macromolecule is the main source of energy for cells?

a)

Lipid

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Nucleic acid

d)

Protein

112.

121. Enzymes work by

a)

Lowering activation energy

b)

Storing energy

c)

Raising temperature

d)

Breaking down water

113.

122. Saturated fats have

a)

Double bonds

b)

Single bonds only

c)

No hydrogen

d)

High solubility in water

114.

123. Proteins are made of

a)

Sugars

b)

Fatty acids

c)

Amino acids

d)

Nucleotides

115.

124. Lipids are important for

a)

All of the above

b)

Cell membranes

c)

Storing energy

d)

Insulation

116.

125. Carbohydrates include

a)

Enzymes and hormones

b)

Starch and glycogen

c)

DNA and RNA

d)

Fats and oils

117.

126. The cell theory states that all living things are made of

a)

Cells

b)

Proteins

c)

Organs

d)

Tissues

118.

127. Prokaryotic cells lack

a)

Nuclei

b)

Cell membranes

c)

Ribosomes

d)

DNA

119.

128. Eukaryotic cells have

a)

No cell membrane

b)

No organelles

c)

No DNA

d)

A nucleus

120.

129. The cell membrane is composed mainly of

a)

RNA

b)

DNA

c)

Lipids and proteins

d)

Carbohydrates

121.

The organelle responsible for producing ATP is the

a)

Nucleus

b)

Golgi apparatus

c)

Mitochondrion

d)

Ribosome

122.

Ribosomes are responsible for

a)

Making proteins

b)

Producing ATP

c)

Controlling the cell

d)

Storing waste

123.

The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in

a)

Cell division

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

DNA replication

d)

Protein and lipid synthesis

124.

The Golgi apparatus functions to

a)

Produce energy

b)

Digest nutrients

c)

Package and modify proteins

d)

Store water

125.

Lysosomes contain

a)

Digestive enzymes

b)

ATP

c)

DNA

d)

RNA

126.

Chloroplasts are found in

a)

Animal cells

b)

Fungi

c)

Plant cells

d)

Bacteria

127.

Passive transport moves substances

a)

From low to high concentration

b)

Using energy

c)

From high to low concentration

d)

Against a gradient

128.

Active transport requires

a)

Water

b)

ATP

c)

Enzymes

d)

Oxygen

129.

Diffusion is

a)

The movement of molecules from high to low concentration

b)

Active transport of proteins

c)

Endocytosis

d)

The movement of molecules from low to high concentration

130.

Osmosis refers specifically to the movement of

a)

Water

b)

Proteins

c)

Ions

d)

Sugars

131.

A hypertonic solution has

a)

Equal solute concentration

b)

Lower solute concentration than the cell

c)

No solutes

d)

Higher solute concentration than the cell

132.

A hypotonic solution causes a cell to

a)

Split DNA

b)

Stay the same

c)

Swell

d)

Shrink

133.

Endocytosis is a process by which

a)

DNA is replicated

b)

Energy is produced

c)

Molecules enter the cell

d)

Molecules leave the cell

134.

Exocytosis is used to

a)

Remove substances from the cell

b)

Produce ATP

c)

Make proteins

d)

Bring substances into the cell

135.

Feedback mechanisms help cells

a)

Divide uncontrollably

b)

Absorb more water

c)

Replicate faster

d)

Maintain homeostasis

136.

Which type of transport does not require energy?

a)

Active transport

b)

Passive transport

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Endocytosis

137.

Protein channels in the cell membrane assist with

a)

Osmosis only

b)

Facilitated diffusion

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

Active transport only

138.

Turgor pressure in plant cells is maintained by

a)

Lysosomes

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Nucleus

d)

Central vacuole

139.

Semi‑permeable membranes allow

a)

Only water to pass

b)

Some substances to pass while blocking others

c)

All substances to pass freely

d)

Only solutes to pass

140.

The movement of large particles into a cell using vesicles is

a)

Exocytosis

b)

Endocytosis

c)

Diffusion

d)

Facilitated diffusion

Similar Resources on Wayground

Bonanza HS Sem 2 Review

135 questions

Bonanza HS Sem 2 Review

quiz

Worksheet

•

9th - 12th Grade

plawan

139 questions

plawan

quiz

Worksheet

•

KG - Professional Dev...

Physical Science Midterm

136 questions

Physical Science Midterm

quiz

Worksheet

•

9th - 12th Grade

ES Midterm Review '24-25

136 questions

ES Midterm Review '24-25

quiz

Worksheet

•

9th - 12th Grade

Nervous System Review

136 questions

Nervous System Review

quiz

Worksheet

•

10th Grade - University

A&P 1 2113- Ch 11 and 12

145 questions

A&P 1 2113- Ch 11 and 12

quiz

Worksheet

•

12th Grade

9th Grade ISASP's Review

138 questions

9th Grade ISASP's Review

quiz

Worksheet

•

9th - 12th Grade

2021 Fall Biology Review

144 questions

2021 Fall Biology Review

quiz

Worksheet

•

9th - 12th Grade