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Grade 12 Q2 Final Revision

Total questions: 107

Worksheet time: 2hrs 31mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is it called when a sperm and egg meet?
a)
meiosis
b)
fertilization
c)
cell division
d)
mitosis
2.
Which process and type of resulting cells are represented?
a)
mitosis, gametes
b)
mitosis, body cells
c)
meiosis, gametes
d)
meiosis, body cells
3.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called __________ chromosomes.  
a)
homozygous 
b)
asexual
c)
homologous
d)
genes
4.
A male shark has 40 chromosomes in each of its sex cells. How many would be present in its body cells?
a)
20
b)
40
c)
80
d)
160
5.
What causes genetic variation in meiosis?
a)
chromosomes lining up
b)
crossing over of chromosomes
c)
separation of chromosomes
d)
chromosomes pulling apart
6.
What is one of the advantages, why is it better to reproduce sexually versus asexually?
a)
survival of the fittest
b)
overproduction
c)
genetic variation
d)
cloning
7.
Chromosomes exchange genetic material during 
a)
crossing over
b)
replication
c)
synthesis
d)
translation
8.
a)

INCREASES GENETIC VARIATION

b)

TAKES PLACE IN PROPHASE I

c)

CROSSING OVER

d)

ALL ARE TRUE

9.

MEIOSIS

a)

REDUCES THE NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES BY ONE HALF

b)

PRODUCES UNIQUE SEX CELLS-1N

c)

ALLOWS TRAITS TO BE PASSED TO OFFSPRING

d)

ALL ARE TRUE

e)

INCREASE GENETIC VARIATION

10.

MEIOSIS PRODUCES 4 CELLS, THEY ARE

a)

N

b)

2N

c)

3N

11.
The purpose of sexual reproduction and meiosis is to form ________ cells.
a)
body
b)
sex
c)
somatic
d)
brain
12.
How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
13.
What is one reason why we need meiosis?
a)
To double the number of chromosomes going into sex cells
b)
To halve the number of chromosomes going into sex cells
c)
To triple the number of chromosomes going into sex cells
d)
To not change the number of chromosomes going into sex cells
14.
What phase is  shown in the picture?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
anaphase 2
c)
metaphase 1
d)
telophase 1
15.
Which of the following phases of mitosis is represented by the diagram below?
a)
prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telophase
16.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
Anaphase I
17.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Metaphase II
b)
Telophase I
c)
Telophase II
d)
Metaphase I
18.
What phases is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Prophase I
c)
Anaphase II
d)
Interphase I
19.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase I
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
 Metaphase I
20.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Telophase II
b)
Anaphase II
c)
Metaphase I
d)
Interphase I
21.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Telophase I
b)
Metaphase II
c)
Telophase II
d)
Anaphase I
22.
What phase is this?
a)
Interphase II
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase I
d)
Anaphase II
23.
Which of the following cell types is formed by meiosis?
a)
muscle cells
b)
skin cells
c)
sperm cells
d)
blood cells
24.
If an intestinal cell in a butterfly contains 24 chromosomes, a butterfly egg would contain ____ chromosomes.
a)
3
b)
6
c)
12
d)
24
25.
How many times in meiosis does the cell divide?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
3
d)
1
26.
When homologous chromosomes match up, they form a structure call a ___________.
a)
tetrad
b)
triad
c)
diploid
d)
gamete
27.
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
a)
It is carried out in all tissues theat require cell replacement
b)
It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of an organism
c)
It happens in all of the tissues except the brain and spinal cord
d)
It is the first stage of mitosis
28.
products of meiosis are genetically
a)
different
b)
identical
29.
A human zygote should have _____ chromosomes inside.
a)
46
b)
23
c)
92
d)
64
30.

Body cells. Basically these are any cells not including sperm or egg.

a)

germ cells

b)

somatic cells

c)

gametes

d)

sister chromatids

31.

The study of ____________ is called genetics

a)

heredity

b)

dominance

c)

pea plants

d)

mutations

32.

Gregor Mendel studied heredity using _______ plants

a)

rose

b)

pea

c)

berry

d)

corn

33.

____________ used plants to study the way traits are passed from parent to offspring

a)

Mendel

b)

Punnett

c)

Sutton

34.

If you cross a white flower (pp) with a purple flower (PP), the possible genotypes of the offspring are

a)

PP and pp

b)

All Pp

c)

All PP

d)

All pp

35.

The organism's appearance is known as its

a)

heredity

b)

pedigree

c)

phenotype

d)

genotype

36.

_____________ describes a trait that covers over, or masks another form of that trait.

a)

recessive

b)

gene

c)

allele

d)

dominant

37.

Same traits produced in offspring from generation to generation is called?

a)

pure breeding

b)

cross breeding

c)

hybrid

d)

children

38.

_________________ describes a trait that is covered over, or masked by another form of that trait.

a)

dominant

b)

punnett

c)

recessive

d)

gene

39.

Different forms of a gene are called

a)

alleles

b)

traits

40.

Two of the same alleles of the gene for a certain trait

a)

heterozygous

b)

homozygous

41.

A ______________ square is a model that helps make genetic predictions.

a)

Punnett

b)

Mendel

42.
A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring
a)
heredity
b)
punnett square
c)
trait
d)
phenotype
43.
Are recessive traits shown with capital or lowercase letters? 
a)
Capital
b)
Lowercase
44.
Sperm from one plant fertilizes the eggs of the same plant in
a)
cross-pollination
b)
cross-breeding
c)
self-pollination
d)
self-breeding
45.
When parents with different traits are bred, a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation is a
a)
dominant trait
b)
true-breeding trait
c)
recessive trait
d)
characteristic
46.
When a first-generation plant self-pollinates, what is the ratio of dominant to recessive traits in the second-generation plants?
a)
1:3
b)
4:1
c)
1:4
d)
3:1
47.
If a true-breeding male plant with wrinkled seeds (ww) is crossed with a true-breeding female plant with round seeds (WW), describe the seeds of the offspring.
a)
all round seeds
b)
three round seeds and one wrinkled seed
c)
all wrinkled seeds
d)
half wrinkled seeds and half round seeds
48.

Sexual Reproduction

a)

One parent organism produces offspring.

b)

Passing of traits from parents to offspring

c)

The two alleles that control the phenotype.

d)

Genetic materials from two different cells combine, producing offspring

49.

One cat has a heterozygous genotype, black fur (Bb), and its mate has a homozygous genotype grey fur (bb). Use a Punnett square to determine the probability of one of their offspring having grey fur.

a)

100%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

50.

Heterozygous is when...

a)

the alleles are the same.

b)

the alleles are different.

c)

the alleles are absent.

d)

the alleles are present.

51.

T = tall and t = short

In the punnett square shown, what belongs in the missing square

a)

tt

b)

Tt

c)

Bb

d)

TT

52.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
53.

If a black guinea pig (BB) and a white guinea pig (bb) mate, there is a ______ chance that a white guinea pig will be born.

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

54.
In a punnet square where are the parent alleles written?
a)
Top and inside the boxes
b)
Only on the left and right side of the boxes. 
c)
outside of the boxes (top and left side)
d)
All on the top side of the boxes
55.

Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?

a)

A

b)

Aa

c)

AA

d)

aa

56.

Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?

a)

Bb

b)

BB

c)

bb

d)

B

57.

A dominant allele is represented by a ______ letter.

a)

lower-case

b)

capital

58.
What is a phenotype
a)
The genetic make up (code)
b)
The physical trait
59.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
60.

What happens when a true-breeding plant self-pollinates?

a)

It does not produce offspring.

b)

It produces offspring with the same trait the parent plant has.

c)

It produces offspring with the opposite trait the parent plant has.

d)

It produces twins.

61.
How many traits did Mendel study in his pea plants?
a)
1
b)
3
c)
5
d)
7
62.
Who was Gregor Mendel?
a)
A French Botanist
b)
A German Physician
c)
An American Cowboy
d)
An Austrian Monk
63.
Gregor Mendel is often called _____________. This is due to his experiments with pea plant genetics.
a)
The Father of Heredity
b)
The King of Peas
c)
The Father of Genetics
d)
The Father of Modern DNA
64.
What did Mendel do to make sure his plants didn't self-pollinate?
a)
Removed the anther/pollen.
b)
Added anthers to the plant
c)
Removed the stigma
d)
Cut the stems
65.
___________ make up DNA.
a)
Chromosomes
b)
Genes
c)
Dominant
d)
Cells
66.

Which trait(s) did Mendel study in pea plants?

a)

flower color

b)

pod color

c)

stem size

d)

all of the above

67.

An example of a recessive trait in pea plants is

a)

green pods

b)

round seeds

c)

yellow seeds

d)

white flowers

68.

How do pea plants pollinate?

a)

reproduce without pollination.

b)

only cross-pollination

c)

asexually

d)

self-pollination, but can be cross-pollinated

69.

Reasons that pea plants were a good choice to study for Mendel included that

a)

pea plants have a long gestation period.

b)

pea plants are asexual.

c)

pea plants have easily identifiable traits.

d)

pollination was random.

70.

Through his studies, Gregor Mendel was able to prove the blending theory of inheritance.

a)

True

b)

False

71.
If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?
a)
sex-linked trait
b)
polygenic trait
c)
codominant trait
d)
incomplete dominance trait
72.

What is the genotype of a person with type A blood, who had a father with type O blood?

a)

AB

b)

AO

c)

AA

d)

OO

73.

A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Complete dominance

d)

Multiple Alleles

74.
For an XX female to express a recessive sex-linked trait, she must have....
a)
two recessive alleles
b)
a Y chromosome 
c)
one recessive allele
d)
two dominant alleles
75.

Human height occurs in a continuous range because it is affected by the interaction of many genes, making it a(n)

a)

autosomal trait

b)

polygenic trait

c)

codominant trait

d)

sex-linked trait

76.

A man with type A blood marries a woman with Type AB blood. Based on what you know about blood types, what is the only blood type not possible for their children?

a)

A

b)

O

c)

AB

d)

B

77.
The 23rd pair of chromosomes that differ in males and females are called___.
a)
autosomes
b)
sex chromosomes
c)
multiple alleles
d)
polygenic
78.

There are no carriers for Huntington's Disease- you either have it or you don't. Is Huntington's disease autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive?

a)

Dominant

b)

Recessive

79.

Hemophilia is a recessive sex-linked trait. If H = normal & h = has hemophilia, which genotype represents a male with hemophilia.

a)

XHY

b)

XHXh

c)

XhXh

d)

XhY

80.

Colorblindness is a recessive, X chromosome sex-link disorder. Cross the parents to figure out which percentage of their offspring will be colorblind.

a)

25%

b)

0%

c)

75%

d)

50%

81.

Coat color in calico cats is an example of:

a)

Polygenic Traits

b)

Epistasis

c)

X-Chromosome Inactivation

d)

X-linked traits (same as sex-linked)

82.

Alternative forms of a gene are called

a)

genes

b)

alleles

c)

chromosomes

d)

locus

83.

When several genes control a single trait, this is called _____ _____.

a)

polygenic inheritance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

co-dominance

d)

recessive

84.

Traits that display intermediates, or blended variations, have alleles of ______ ______.

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

co-dominance

c)

recessive

d)

polygenic inheritance

85.

Genes controlled by 3 or more alleles, such as blood type and eye color, are _____ ______ traits.

a)

multiple allele

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

sex-linked recessive

d)

phenotype

86.

Traits in which 2 alleles are BOTH dominant at the same time are BOTH expressed, are said to be ________.

a)

co-dominant

b)

incomplete dominant

c)

sex-linked recessive

d)

recessive

87.

Human blood types ___ and ___ are co-dominant.

a)

A and B

b)

A and o

c)

B and o

88.
A red flowered plant (RR) breeds with a White flowered plant (WW). The gene for petal color in these plants expresses incomplete dominance.  What percentage of the offspring will have pink (RW) flowers?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
89.

In the arctic fox, which trait is controlled by both its genes AND the environment?

a)

fur color

b)

eye color

c)

head size

d)

teeth sharpness

90.

Sickle Cell Anemia is a _______ disorder that produces a defective form of the hemoglobin protein.

a)

dominant

b)

recessive

c)

sex-linked

d)

co-dominant

91.

In Sickle Cell Anemia, misshapen red blood cells cannot carry as much ___ and rupture easily.

a)

blood

b)

oxygen

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

water

92.

The genetic disorders hemophilia and color-blindness are called Sex-Linked recessive disorders because the mutated allele is located on the ______.

a)

Y-chromosome

b)

X-chromosome

c)

any chromosome

d)

all chromosomes

93.

Sex-linked disorders like hemophilia and color-blindness are more common in _____ because they only have one X chromosome.

a)

males

b)

females

94.
blood types consist of 4 different alleles.
a)
false
b)
true
95.
incomplete dominance means that there traits are,,,
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
96.
polygenic means that _________ control a characteristic
a)
many genes
b)
single genes
c)
3 genes
d)
no genes
97.
What are the blood types of the possible children that a woman (type O) and man (type AB) can have?
a)
O and AB
b)
O and A
c)
O and B
d)
A and B
98.
What is the phenotype of a person with the genotype AO?
a)
type A
b)
type O
c)
AA
d)
OO
99.
A man with type O blood is accused of being the father of a type B baby. The mother is type A. Could this man be the father? 
a)
Yes 
b)
No
100.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
101.
AA and Aa always show up as
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
102.
Which of the characteristics is a lion least likely to pass on to its offspring?
a)
fur color
b)
length of tail
c)
scars on leg
d)
body size
103.
B = brown eyes
b = blue eyes
What is true about these two brothers that have brown eyes?
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
a)
they have same phenotype and genotype
b)
they have different genotypes and phenotypes
c)
they have same phenotype but different genotypes
d)
they have same genotype but different phenotypes
104.
What gender has an X and a Y chromosome?
a)
male
b)
female
c)
transgender 
d)
all of the above
105.
What is the Phenotype ratio for this punnet square?
a)
1:2:1
b)
3:1
c)
2:6
d)
2:2
106.
Black hair color is dominant to white hair color in mice.  Determine the phenotypic ratio for the offpring of a heterozygous black mouse and a white mouse.
a)
4 Black: 0 White
b)
3 Black: 1 White
c)
2 Black: 2 White
d)
0 Black: 4 White
107.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%

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