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LABORATORY METHODS AND TECHNIQUES

Total questions: 120

Worksheet time: 3600secs

Name
Class
Date
1.

An assay is best defined as a method used to

a)

identify microorganisms

b)

measure the presence or activity of a substance

c)

separate mixtures

d)

sterilize equipment

2.

Assays are commonly used to determine

a)

boiling points

b)

reaction speed

c)

concentration or activity

d)

color intensity only

3.

Which field frequently uses assays?

a)

Pharmacology

b)

Astronomy

c)

Geology

d)

Meteorology

4.

A biological assay measures

a)

physical structure

b)

chemical purity

c)

biological response

d)

temperature change

5.

Chemical assays focus mainly on

a)

organism growth

b)

chemical composition

c)

specimen dissection

d)

tissue repair

6.

Assays are important because they help

a)

store samples

b)

analyze substances accurately

c)

reduce laboratory cost

d)

clean equipment

7.

An example of an assay application is

a)

DNA extraction

b)

enzyme activity testing

c)

centrifuge balancing

d)

specimen staining

8.

Assays often require

a)

indicators or reagents

b)

microscopes only

c)

heat sources only

d)

mechanical force

9.

The reliability of an assay depends largely on

a)

calibration and use of controls

b)

room temperature alone

c)

the color of the reagents

d)

the brand of lab glassware

10.

Results of assays are usually expressed as

a)

drawings

b)

narratives

c)

qualitative or quantitative data

d)

photographs

11.

Drying is the process of removing

a)

heat

b)

moisture

c)

air

d)

nutrients

12.

The primary purpose of drying is to

a)

improve color

b)

preserve samples

c)

change structure

d)

increase mass

13.

Drying helps prevent

a)

oxidation

b)

contamination

c)

microbial growth

d)

sedimentation

14.

Freeze-drying removes water through

a)

evaporation

b)

condensation

c)

sublimation

d)

filtration

15.

Drying is commonly applied in

a)

microscopy

b)

food preservation

c)

DNA amplification

d)

titration

16.

Improper drying may cause

a)

increased purity

b)

sample degradation

c)

faster analysis

d)

better accuracy

17.

Drying sensitive materials requires

a)

high heat

b)

low pressure or low temperature

c)

agitation

d)

centrifugation

18.

The main advantage of freeze-drying is

a)

low cost

b)

speed

c)

preservation of structure

d)

high temperature

19.

Residual moisture after drying can

a)

improve stability

b)

reduce shelf life

c)

increase yield

d)

enhance purity

20.

Drying is essential before

a)

weighing samples

b)

staining specimens

c)

dissecting organisms

d)

adding solvents

21.

Centrifugation separates substances based on

a)

color

b)

density

c)

odor

d)

texture

22.

The force used in centrifugation is

a)

gravitational

b)

magnetic

c)

centrifugal

d)

electrical

23.

Heavier particles move

a)

upward

b)

outward

c)

inward

d)

downward

24.

Blood centrifugation separates

a)

enzymes

b)

plasma and cells

c)

DNA fragments

d)

proteins only

25.

Balanced tubes are required to

a)

improve accuracy

b)

prevent damage or vibration in the centrifuge

c)

ensure even separation of components

d)

maintain operator safety

26.

Centrifugation is commonly used in

a)

genetics

b)

meteorology

c)

astronomy

d)

cartography

27.

Sedimentation refers to

a)

sample heating

b)

particle settling

c)

solvent evaporation

d)

reagent mixing

28.

Increasing speed generally results in

a)

slower separation

b)

no change

c)

faster separation

d)

sample damage always

29.

Centrifugation is used in food processing for

a)

fermentation

b)

clarification

c)

drying

d)

freezing

30.

DNA purification often involves

a)

filtration

b)

centrifugation

c)

titration

d)

staining

31.

Dissection involves

a)

chemical testing

b)

microscopic analysis

c)

careful cutting

d)

drying

32.

The main goal of dissection is to study

a)

external color

b)

internal structure

c)

molecular size

d)

chemical content

33.

A scalpel is used to

a)

hold tissues

b)

probe organs

34.

Forceps are mainly used to

a)

cut tissues

b)

hold specimens

c)

apply stains

d)

grind samples

35.

Observations during dissection are recorded through

a)

equations

b)

graphs

c)

notes and diagrams

d)

computer simulations

36.

Safety goggles protect the

a)

hands

b)

skin

c)

eyes

d)

lungs

37.

Common animal dissection specimens include

a)

frogs

b)

bacteria

c)

viruses

d)

protozoa

38.

Ethical dissection requires

a)

speed

b)

accuracy

c)

humane handling

d)

large samples

39.

Plant dissection focuses on

a)

DNA

b)

organ systems

c)

structural parts

d)

cell metabolism

40.

Proper disposal of specimens ensures

a)

efficiency

b)

compliance with ethics

c)

faster cleanup

d)

lower cost

41.

PCR is used to

a)

separate DNA

b)

amplify DNA

c)

stain DNA

d)

culture cells

42.

The first PCR step is

a)

annealing

b)

extension

c)

ligation

d)

denaturation

43.

Denaturation causes DNA to

a)

bind primers

b)

replicate

c)

separate strands

d)

degrade

44.

Primers bind during

a)

denaturation

b)

annealing

c)

extension

d)

termination

45.

The enzyme used in PCR is

a)

ligase

b)

helicase

c)

RNA polymerase

d)

DNA polymerase

46.

PCR relies on

a)

single heating

b)

repeated cycles

c)

manual replication

d)

cell division

47.

PCR is useful in medicine for

a)

organ storage

b)

disease diagnosis

c)

drug delivery

d)

tissue repair

48.

Forensics uses PCR for

a)

blood typing only

b)

DNA profiling

c)

microscopy

d)

fermentation

49.

Extension occurs when

a)

primers attach

b)

DNA strands separate

c)

new DNA is synthesized

d)

temperature decreases

50.

PCR is valuable because it works with

a)

large samples

b)

small amounts of DNA

c)

only RNA templates

d)

whole cells without extraction

51.

Agarose electrophoresis separates molecules by

a)

color and shape

b)

size and charge

c)

solubility

d)

density

52.

DNA moves through the gel due to

a)

heat

b)

gravity

c)

electric current

d)

pressure

53.

Smaller fragments move

a)

slower

b)

upward

c)

faster

d)

sideways

54.

The gel acts as a

a)

solvent

b)

stain

c)

sieve

d)

catalyst

55.

DNA is visualized using

a)

indicators

b)

UV light and stains

c)

centrifuges

d)

buffers

56.

Agarose is a

a)

protein

b)

carbohydrate polymer

c)

lipid

d)

mineral

57.

This technique is widely used in

a)

genetics

b)

meteorology

c)

geology

d)

physics

58.

Band patterns indicate

a)

DNA purity only

b)

molecular size differences

59.

Electrophoresis requires

a)

centrifugation

b)

heating

c)

electric power

d)

freezing

60.

DNA fragments are loaded into

a)

flasks

b)

wells

c)

tubes

d)

beakers

61.

Titration determines

a)

mass

b)

volume

c)

concentration

d)

color

62.

The solution of known concentration is the

a)

analyte

b)

titrant

c)

indicator

d)

solvent

63.

The unknown solution is the

a)

buffer

b)

solvent

c)

analyte

d)

reagent

64.

Indicators are used to show

a)

volume

b)

endpoint

c)

mass

d)

temperature

65.

A color change signals the

a)

start

b)

midpoint

c)

endpoint

d)

error

66.

Acid-base titration involves

a)

salt and water

b)

acid and base

c)

two acids

d)

two bases

67.

The burette is used to

a)

mix solutions

b)

hold analyte

c)

deliver titrant

d)

heat samples

68.

Titration calculations rely on

a)

density

b)

stoichiometry

c)

solubility

d)

viscosity

69.

Titration is used in environmental analysis to test

a)

soil texture

b)

air pressure

c)

water quality

d)

temperature

70.

Accuracy in titration depends on

a)

color brightness

b)

precise measurement

c)

solution odor

d)

room size

71.

Tissue culture grows cells under

a)

natural conditions

b)

controlled conditions

c)

outdoor environments

d)

dry conditions

72.

Tissue culture requires

a)

nutrient media

b)

strong acids

c)

high pressure

d)

electric current

73.

Aseptic conditions are important to prevent

a)

evaporation

b)

contamination

c)

oxidation

d)

sedimentation

74.

Tissue culture is used in agriculture for

a)

soil testing

b)

plant propagation

c)

pest control

d)

irrigation

75.

Cells divide during tissue culture through

a)

mitosis

b)

meiosis

c)

binary fission

d)

budding

76.

Tissue culture is important in

a)

cancer research

b)

astronomy

c)

geology

d)

cartography

77.

Explants refer to

a)

chemicals

b)

cultured cells

c)

tissue samples

d)

waste materials

78.

Proper temperature is necessary for

a)

drying

b)

cell survival

c)

centrifugation

d)

filtration

79.

Tissue culture must be performed in

a)

open areas

b)

sterile environments

c)

dark rooms

d)

outdoor labs

80.

Tissue culture allows study of

a)

whole ecosystems

b)

cellular behavior

c)

climate change

d)

planetary motion

81.

Extraction separates substances using

a)

heat

b)

solvent

c)

force

d)

electricity

82.

Liquid-liquid extraction uses

a)

solid and gas

b)

two immiscible liquids

c)

solid and liquid

d)

gas and liquid

83.

Solid-liquid extraction removes compounds from

a)

liquids

b)

gases

c)

solids

d)

plasmas

84.

Extraction depends on differences in

a)

density

b)

solubility

c)

color

d)

mass

85.

Extraction is used to isolate

a)

enzymes

b)

chemical compounds

c)

tissues

d)

microorganisms

86.

Plant extraction often produces

a)

pigments

b)

minerals

c)

metals

d)

gases

87.

Solvents must be

a)

reactive

b)

selective

c)

opaque

d)

solid

88.

Extraction is widely used in

a)

pharmacology

b)

astronomy

c)

mechanics

d)

meteorology

89.

Improper extraction may result in

a)

high purity

b)

contamination

c)

faster analysis

d)

increased yield

90.

Safety in extraction requires

a)

open flames

b)

protective equipment

c)

rapid mixing

d)

high pressure

91.

Distillation separates substances based on

a)

density

b)

boiling point

c)

color

d)

solubility

92.

Simple distillation is used when boiling points are

a)

identical

b)

close

c)

very different

d)

unknown

93.

Fractional distillation uses a

a)

condenser

b)

fractionating column

c)

burette

d)

centrifuge

94.

Vacuum distillation is used for substances with

a)

low melting points

b)

high boiling points

c)

strong odor

d)

high density

95.

Distillation is commonly used in

a)

water purification

b)

tissue culture

c)

PCR

d)

dissection

96.

Condensation occurs when vapor

a)

heats up

b)

cools down

c)

expands

d)

reacts

97.

The distillate is the

a)

residue left behind

b)

collected vapor

c)

original mixture

d)

solvent only

98.

Distillation requires

a)

freezing

b)

evaporation and condensation

c)

filtration

d)

centrifugation

99.

Steam distillation is used for

a)

metals

b)

essential oils

c)

salts

d)

sugars

100.

Safety in distillation includes

a)

sealed systems

b)

proper ventilation to prevent pressure buildup

c)

using heat-resistant glassware with secure clamps

d)

wearing appropriate PPE such as goggles and gloves

101.

Physical grinding reduces materials into

a)

liquids

b)

finer particles

c)

gases

d)

solutions

102.

Grinding increases surface area for

a)

heating

b)

reactions

c)

evaporation

d)

staining

103.

Grinding does not change the

a)

size

b)

shape

c)

chemical composition

d)

texture

104.

Mortar and pestle are used to

a)

heat samples

b)

grind solids

c)

measure volume

d)

separate liquids

105.

Grinding is a

a)

chemical process

b)

biological process

c)

physical process

d)

nuclear process

106.

Grinding is useful before

a)

extraction

b)

freezing

c)

staining

d)

culturing

107.

Excessive grinding may cause

a)

overheating

b)

purification

c)

preservation

d)

cooling

108.

Grinding improves

a)

solubility

b)

reaction efficiency

109.

Grinding is commonly used in

a)

pharmacology

b)

astronomy

c)

seismology

d)

climatology

110.

Proper grinding requires

a)

sterilization

b)

controlled force

c)

high voltage

d)

vacuum

111.

Microscopy is used to observe objects that are

a)

very large

b)

invisible to the naked eye

c)

radioactive

d)

luminous

112.

A microscope increases

a)

resolution and magnification

b)

color intensity

c)

mass

d)

temperature

113.

Proper microscope handling includes

a)

carrying by the lens

b)

using two hands

c)

placing near edges

d)

tilting while viewing

114.

Light microscopes use

a)

electrons

b)

X-rays

c)

visible light

d)

sound waves

115.

Aseptic technique prevents

a)

evaporation

b)

contamination

c)

oxidation

d)

sedimentation

116.

Sterilization removes

a)

nutrients

b)

moisture

c)

microorganisms

d)

pigments

117.

Gloves are worn to

a)

improve grip

b)

enhance comfort

c)

protect hands

d)

increase speed

118.

Aseptic technique is critical in

a)

tissue culture

b)

distillation

c)

drying

d)

centrifugation

119.

Cross-contamination can lead to

a)

accurate results

b)

reliable data

c)

experimental error

d)

improved outcomes

120.

Proper aseptic practice ensures

a)

faster work

b)

valid results

c)

larger samples

d)

cheaper materials

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