Flashcardziz P.S. 2 Ch. 20: Earth Materials

Front

What causes a coarse-grained texture in an intrusive igneous rock?

Back

A slow cool from magma under Earth's surface.

Front

What causes a fine-grained texture in an extrusive igneous rock?

Back

A fast cool of lava on the Earth's surface.

Front

What is a mineral’s resistance to scratching called?

Back

Hardness.

Front

Which characteristic is NOT shared by all minerals?

Back

Being formed from living organisms.

Front

What is the process called when sediments compact and cement together to form rock?

Back

Cementation.

Front

What is the term for the way a mineral breaks along specific planes?

Back

Cleavage.

Front

What is the definition of a mineral?

Back

A naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and crystalline structure.

Front

What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

Back

Intrusive rocks form from magma that cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface, while extrusive rocks form from lava that cools quickly on the Earth's surface.

Front

What is the Mohs scale used for?

Back

To measure the hardness of minerals.

Front

What is the term for the arrangement of atoms within a mineral?

Back

Crystalline structure.