MI 3.1 Flashcard

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What is a CT Scan?

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A CT Scan, or computed tomography scan, is a medical imaging technique that produces a sectional 3-dimensional view of the body, particularly useful for viewing soft tissue.

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What is a Bone Scan used for?

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A Bone Scan is a nuclear imaging technique used to monitor changes in bone metabolism, often to assess the effectiveness of treatments like chemotherapy for bone cancers.

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What does it mean if a gene is 'Down Regulated'?

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Down Regulation refers to a decrease in the expression of a gene, which can be observed in cancer tissues for tumor suppressor genes.

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What are Proto-Oncogenes?

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Proto-Oncogenes are normal genes that can become oncogenes due to mutations; they are involved in cell growth and division.

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What do red dots indicate in a microarray image?

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In a microarray image, red dots indicate genes that are upregulated in cancer tissue, showing increased expression compared to healthy tissue.

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What is the role of the BRCA2 gene?

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The BRCA2 gene is a tumor suppressor gene that helps repair DNA breaks; its downregulation can lead to increased cancer risk.

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What is the significance of monitoring bone metabolism in cancer treatment?

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Monitoring bone metabolism helps determine the effectiveness of cancer treatments, particularly in cases like osteosarcoma.

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What is the difference between an Oncogene and a Tumor Suppressor Gene?

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Oncogenes promote cell division and growth, while Tumor Suppressor Genes inhibit cell division and repair DNA; mutations in either can lead to cancer.

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What is microarray technology?

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Microarray technology is a tool used to study gene expression by analyzing thousands of genes simultaneously to identify patterns in cancer and other diseases.

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What is the purpose of imaging techniques like MRI and CT scans in medicine?

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Imaging techniques like MRI and CT scans are used to visualize internal structures of the body, aiding in diagnosis and treatment planning.