Biochemistry Biology

Front

What are lipids?

Back

Lipids are a group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include fats, oils, and cholesterol.

Front

Why is water called the 'universal solvent'?

Back

Water is called the 'universal solvent' because its polarity allows it to dissolve many substances, making it essential for biological processes.

Front

What is the function of the enzyme lactase?

Back

Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose, a sugar found in milk, into monosaccharides, which are simpler sugars.

Front

How can you classify a compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to carbon?

Back

This compound can be classified as a carbohydrate, as carbohydrates typically have a hydrogen to carbon ratio of 2:1.

Front

What effect does adding an enzyme have on a chemical reaction?

Back

Adding an enzyme to a chemical reaction increases the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction.

Front

What are the main types of macromolecules in biology?

Back

The main types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Back

Carbohydrates serve as a primary source of energy and are also important for structural functions in cells.

Front

What are proteins made of?

Back

Proteins are made of amino acids, which are linked together by peptide bonds.

Front

What role do enzymes play in biochemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, speeding up the reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid consists of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) 'head' and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) 'tails', forming a bilayer in cell membranes.