Biology, Chapter 2, Chemistry of Life Review

Front

What is the purpose of an enzyme?

Back

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

What does the lock-and-key model of enzyme function illustrate?

Back

It illustrates the precise fit of an enzyme with a specific substrate, highlighting the specificity of enzyme action.

Front

What is a substance with a pH of 6 called?

Back

An acid.

Front

What do we call any substance with a pH of 8 through 14?

Back

A base.

Front

Which two particles are found together inside the nucleus of an atom?

Back

Protons and neutrons.

Front

What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

Back

A catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is the pH scale used for?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (acidic) to 14 (basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is a substrate in the context of enzyme activity?

Back

A substrate is the reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts.

Front

What is the difference between an acid and a base?

Back

An acid donates protons (H+) in a solution, while a base accepts protons.

Front

What is the significance of the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the region on the enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.