AAP Final Reivew

​Kinetic and Potential

Multiple Choice

Conservation of energy means that

• energy can be created but not destroyed

• energy can be destroyed but not created

• energy can be both created and destroyed

• energy can be neither created nor destroyed

Explanation Slide...

Conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Multiple Choice

Kinetic energy can be described as

• energy in motion

• stored energy

• a chemical reaction

• connected energy

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

A bicycle rider is traveling up a hill. When the rider reaches the top of the hill, she stops to rest. Then she travels down the hill. Which statement correctly describes the potential energy and the kinetic energy of the bicycle rider?

• As the rider moves up the hill, her kinetic energy increases, and her potential energy decreases.

• As the rider reaches the bottom of the hill, her kinetic energy and her potential energy decrease.

• When the rider is at the top of the hill, her potential energy is the greatest, and her kinetic energy is the least.

• When the rider goes down the hill, her potential energy increases, and her kinetic energy decreases.

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

As a boulder rolls from the top of a hill to the bottom, how does its potential and kinetic energy change?

• Potential and kinetic energy both increase.

• Potential energy increases and kinetic energy decreases.

• Potential energy decreases and kinetic energy increases.

• Potential and kinetic energy both increase.

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

Sammy studied kinetic and potential energy by observing apples on a tree during a field investigation. What type of energy do the apples on the tree have?

• elastic potential energy

• mechanical energy

• gravitational potential energy

• sound energy

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

If a green golf ball is dropped from a height of 7 feet and a yellow golf ball is dropped from a height of 12 feet, which ball has greater potential energy before it is released?

• yellow

• green

• Both have the same amount of potential energy.

• Neither will have more potential energy than the other.

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

When a tennis ball is dropped, potential energy is destroyed and kinetic energy is created.

• True

• False

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

Describe the energy in the picture.

• Gravitational Potential

• Kinetic

• Elastic Potential

• No energy.

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

What word best describes Kinetic Energy?

• Stored

• Motion

• Elastic

• Gravity

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

What word best describes potential energy?

• Stored

• Motion

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

Gravitational Potential energy increases as _________ increases.

• Speed

• Elasticity

• Height

• Movement

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

A ball is released from rest at position 1. The diagram shows the ball in four positions as it rolls along a track from left to right. In which position does the ball have its minimum gravitational potential energy and maximum kinetic energy?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

The illustration shows a roller coaster and indicates four different positions the car might be at as it moves along the track.

At which point in the roller coaster's journey would it's potential energy be changing to kinetic energy

• Z-Y

• Y-X

• W-X

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

At which point will the roller coaster have the greatest amount of potential energy?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

The kinetic energy of the pendulum is increasing, and its potential energy is decreasing when it moves from point–

• 1 to 2.

• 3 to 4.

• 4 to 5.

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

At what point in the pendulum swing would potential energy be the greatest?

• 1

• 2

• 3

Explanation Slide...

The correct answer is point 1. It's the highest point of the swing and will therefore have the most potential energy.

Multiple Choice

At what point in the pendulum swing would kinetic energy be at its greatest?

• 1

• 2

• 3

Explanation Slide...

The correct answer is point 3. We're at the lowest point of the swing and all of the energy is now being used in the motion of the pendulum.

Multiple Choice

The kinetic energy of the pendulum is decreasing, and its potential energy is increasing when it moves from point–

• 1 to 2.

• 2 to 3.

• 4 to 5.

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

Stretching a rubber band, pulling back on a bow string, or pulling a back on a spring are examples of what kind of potential energy?

• elastic potential energy

• gravitational potential energy

• chemical potential energy

Explanation Slide...

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Multiple Choice

Energy stored in food, fuel, or batteries is an example of what type of potential energy?

• elastic potential energy

• gravitational potential energy

• chemical potential energy

Explanation Slide...

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Specific Heat

Multiple Choice

According to the ESRT, which material would require the most heat energy to increase the temperature of 1 gram of the material one Celsius degree?

• Ice

• Water

• Basalt

• Granite

Multiple Choice

Which will heat up faster?

• copper

• granite

• iron

• basalt

Multiple Choice

Which material would require the greatest amount of heat energy to raise its temperature from 5^oC to 10^oC? [Refer to the Earth Science Reference Tables.]

• Iron

• Lead

• Granite

• Dry Air

Multiple Choice

Which will heat up slower?

• water

• lead

• granite

• iron

Multiple Choice

If the same amount of heat is added to each sample, the smallest change in temperature will occur in the

• Iron

• Dry Air

• Granite

• Water

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best explains why the sand at the beach is hotter than the water?

• Sand has a higher specific heat than water.

• Sand has a lower specific heat than water.

• There is more water than sand at the beach.

• There is more sand than water at the beach.

Multiple Choice

What would heat up the fastest if left out in the sunlight on a clear, summer day?

• Liquid Water

• Dry Air

• Lead

• Granite

Multiple Choice

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature 1ºC for every gram is called____?

• Thermal Energy

• Specific Heat

• Temperature

• Kinetic Energy

Multiple Choice

Why does water heat heat up and cool down VERY SLOWLY?

• High Specific Heat

• Low Specific Heat

• It's solid

• It's always cold

Multiple Choice

A high specific heat means...

• It heats up quickly with energy added
• It requires more energy to change temperature

Multiple Choice

What would be the effect on the particles if more heat is supplied to the system?

• They would slow down
• They would stop moving
• They would speed up
• There would be no effect

Multiple Choice

Specific heat of water is  4.18 J/g°C. Specific heat of wood is 1.760 J/g°C What material needs more heat energy to raise the temperature?

• Water
• Wood
• Both are same

Multiple Choice

A high specific heat means...

• It heats up quickly with energy added
• It requires more energy to change temperature

Multiple Choice

Copper, Stainless Steel, Carbon Steel, and Zinc were all heated using the same thermal energy.  What material would be the coolest after being heated?

• Copper
• Carbon Steel
• Zinc
• Stainless Steel

Multiple Choice

What does temperature measure?

• Heat
• ºC
• Kinetic Energy
• Thermal Energy

Multiple Choice

If I heat up 2 pans of water one has 100 mL in it and one has 1000mL. Which one heats up the fastest?

• 100 mL
• 1000 mL
• They both heat up at the same speed
• They cool down.

Multiple Choice

Heat ALWAYS moves from

• Low to High Temperature

• High to Low Temperature

• It doesn't move

• High to Low Pressure

Multiple Choice

What would be the effect on the particles if more heat is supplied to the system?

• They would slow down
• They would stop moving
• They would speed up
• There would be no effect

Multiple Choice

Specific Heat is....

• The speed of the particles in a substance

• The temperature of the substance

• How much energy it takes to heat something up

• Heat

Multiple Choice

The SI units J/g°C measures

• Specific heat

• mass

• temperature

• heat energy

Multiple Choice

When heat is absorbed by a substance, what happens to the temperature of the substance?

• it increases

• it stays the same

• it decreases

• it depends on the substance

Multiple Choice

Some 1kg of water and 1kg of diamond are heated to the same temperature. Which is true?

• They both require the same amount of energy

• The diamond needs around 8 times more energy

• The water needs about 8 times more energy

• The diamond heats up slower than the water

• The water ends up colder

Multiple Choice

When heat is released by a substance, what happens to its temperature?

• it increases

• it stays the same

• it decreases

• it depends on the substance

Multiple Choice

2kg of water and 4 kg of water are heated to the same temperature. Which is true

• They both require the same amount of energy

• 2kg needs twice as much energy than the 4kg

• 4kg needs twice the energy the 2kg needs

• 4kg needs 4 times the energy the 2kg needs

• The 2kg is hotter

Multiple Choice

If  $$Q=mc\Delta T$$  , what is $$\Delta T$$   

• $$\Delta T=\frac{Q}{mc}$$  

• $$\Delta T=\frac{mc}{Q}$$  

• $$\Delta T=Qmc$$  

• $$\Delta T=\frac{m}{Qc}$$  

• $$c=\frac{Q}{m\Delta T}$$  

Multiple Choice

Object A has a specific heat of 4.45 J/g⁰C and object B has a specific heat of 1.82 J/g⁰C. Which object will heat up faster?

• Object A, it has a lower spefici heat
• Object B, it has a lower specific heat
• Object A, it has a higher specific heat
• Object B, it has a higher specific heat

Multiple Choice

If I have 2 blocks of Aluminium (one of 1kg and one of 10 kg) and heat them up with 6,000 Joules of energy.
Which one will have the SMALLEST change in temperature?

• 1 kg
• 10 kg
• They both heat up  to the same temperature
• It depends on the temperature of the room

Conduction, Convection, and Radiation

Dropdown

Boiling Water

Select answer

Multiple Choice

On a hot summer day, a student dropped an ice cube onto a park bench. Within minutes, the ice cube melted. Which best describes the process the student observed?

• radiation

• combustion

• conduction

• convection

Drag and Drop

Curling Iron

Placeholder

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Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Multiple Choice

A cold metal spoon is placed in a bowl of hot soup. Which best describes how the spoon is affected?

• The heat from the soup does not affect the temperature of the spoon.

• The heat from the soup is conducted through the spoon, making the spoon warmer.

• The cold air in the room radiates into the soup, cooling it, and keeping the spoon cool.

• The cold from the spoon is conducted into the soup, causing the soup to cool to the same temperature as the spoon.T

Drag and Drop

Weather Patterns

Placeholder

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Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Multiple Choice

Mary stands in a swimming pool and notices that the water around her feet is a lot cooler than the water near the surface. Which process causes this difference in temperature?

• convection

• evaporation

• radiation

• conduction

Dropdown

Sun Bathing

Select answer

Multiple Choice

Which best explains why a hot air balloon floats?

• The heated air expands to fill the balloon. The air in the balloon is now lighter than the surrounding air, causing the balloon to rise.

• The heated air expands to fill the balloon. The air in the balloon is now heavier than the surrounding air, causing the balloon to rise.

• The heated air contracts to fill the balloon. The air in the balloon is now denser than the surrounding air, causing the balloon to rise.

• The heated air contracts to fill the balloon. The air in the balloon is now lighter than the surrounding air, causing the balloon to rise.

Drag and Drop

Mantle

Placeholder

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Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Multiple Choice

Which is an example of conduction?

• Steam is rising from a cup of hot coffee.

• A hot biscuit is warming the plate it is on.

• The sun is shining through a window and warming a table.

Drag and Drop

Feet on Hot Sand

Placeholder

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Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Multiple Choice

Which best describes the process of convection?

• Convection is the primary way heat travels through rays.

• Convection is the primary way heat travels through metals.

• Convection is the primary way heat travels through appliances.

• Convection is the primary way heat travels through liquids and gasses.

Dropdown

Lava Lamp

Select answer

Multiple Choice

James measured the temperature outside his house everyday for 2 months. He observed that on days the sky was mostly cloudy, the temperature was an average of 9 degrees cooler than days the sky was mostly sunny. Which best describes the reason for this pattern?

• The clouds blocked radiation from the sun, causing cooler temperatures.

• The clouds blocked conduction from the sun, causing cooler temperatures.

• The clouds allowed more radiation from the sun to reach the Earth’s surface.

• The clouds allowed more conduction from the sun to reach the Earth’s surface.

Dropdown

Heat Lamps

Select answer

Multiple Choice

A small ice cube at a temperature of 0°C is dropped into a glass of water at 28°C and melts. What is the temperature of the water in the glass just after the ice cube melts?

• 0°C

• between 0°C and 28°C

• 28°C

• greater than 28°C

Multiple Select

Cold Pack on Person

• Heat is transferred from the cold pack to the person.

• Heat is transferred from the person to the cold pack

• The cold pack is getting warmer. The person is getting colder.

• The cold pack is getting colder. The person is getting warmer.

Multiple Choice

Which best explains how convected heat causes a hot air balloon to stay in the air?

• The heat is falling and replacing cooler air.

• The heat is produced from the rising of air currents.

• The heat is absorbed through the balloon from the sun.

• The heat is rising and circulating, causing the balloon to stay up in the air.

Drag and Drop

What is the transfer of heat by movement of liquids or gases?

Placeholder

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Radiation

Convection

Conduction

Heat

Multiple Choice

Which best explains how ice melts in a person’s hand?

• The heat from a person’s hand transfers by radiation to the ice, causing it to melt.

• The heat from a person’s hand transfers by conduction to the ice, causing it to melt.

• The cool temperature of the ice transfers by radiation to a person’s hand, cooling it off.

• The cool temperature of the ice transfers by conduction to a person’s hand, cooling it off.

Drag and Drop

What is a transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic waves?

Placeholder

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Radiation

Convection

Conduction

Heat

Multiple Choice

Tina is boiling water in a metal pot for a weather experiment. What is most likely the reason she would need to use a pot holder for moving the metal pot?

• Radiation causes the pot to be hot.

• Conduction causes the pot to be hot.

• Convection causes the pot to be hot.

• Transpiration causes the pot to be hot.

Drag and Drop

What is the transfer of heat by direct contact?

Placeholder

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Convection

Electromagnetic waves

Radiation

Conduction

Multiple Choice

A pot of water is placed on a stove. The water begins to boil rapidly. Which explains why the water is boiling faster?

• The cooler water is rising in the pot to replace the warmer water on top through the process of radiation.

• The warm water is rising in the pot to replace the cooler water on top through the process of radiation.

• The warm water is rising in the pot to replace the cooler water on top through the process of convection.

• The cooler water is rising in the pot to replace the warmer water on top through the process of convection.

Dropdown

What is the measurement of the average kinetic energy of a substance?

Select answer

Multiple Choice

A boy touches a stove and gets burned. What transfer of heat caused his hand to get burned?

• radiation

• conduction

• convection

• combustion

Fill in the Blanks

Multiple Choice

What is the original source of most of the energy that people use?

• Energy that reaches Earth’s surface by radiation from the Sun.

• Energy that reaches Earth’s surface by convection from the Sun.

• Energy that reaches Earth’s surface by radiation from Earth’s core.

• Energy that reaches Earth’s surface by conduction from Earth’s core.

Drag and Drop

Heat transfers from an area of

Placeholder

temperature to an area of

Placeholder

temperature.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

high to low

low to high

high to high

Multiple Choice

Which is the best choice for the handle of a frying pan?

• Metal, because it conducts heat.

• Wood, because it conducts heat.

• Metal, because it does not conduct heat.

• Wood, because it does not conduct heat.

Dropdown

Warm water from the ocean moves to the north while cool waters moves to the south. This is an example of.. 

Select answer

Multiple Choice

Which substance will conduct the least amount of heat?

• glass

• copper

• plastic

• aluminum

Dropdown

If an object has particles that are moving very quickly, the object 's temperature is probably

Select answer

.

Multiple Choice

Which part of the diagram shows conduction?

• Part A

• Part B

• Part C

Multiple Choice

You're holding hands with your best friend.  Your friend's hands are REALLY warm and yours are really cold.  After a few minutes, this has changed.  How might you explain what happened?

• The cold energy from your hand transferred to your friend's hand through conduction.
• The heat energy from your friend's hand transferred to your hand through conduction. 
• The cold energy from your hand transferred to your friend's hand through convection.
• The heat energy from your friend's hand transferred to your hand through convection.

Multiple Choice

Ice cubes are placed in a glass of water that is at room temperature. Which statement best describes the temperature of the water after 10 minutes?

• The temperature decreases because some of the water’s heat is lost to the ice.

• The temperature decreases because some of the ice’s heat is lost to the water.

• The temperature increases because some of the coolness of the water is absorbed by the ice.

• The temperature increases because some of the coolness of the ice is absorbed by the water.

Match

Match the following

• conduction

• convection

• radiation

ironing a shirt

a radiator heating a cold room

a microwave heating food

• ironing a shirt

• a radiator heating a cold room

• a microwave heating food

Multiple Choice

Which best describes the flow of heat?

• from a larger object to a smaller object

• from a warmer object to a cooler object

• from a cooler object to a warmer object

Multiple Choice

Heat transfer through waves is called___

• conduction

• convection

• radiation

Multiple Choice

Which is an example of heat being transferred by conduction?

• a furnace heating the air in a school

• an ice cube melting in a person’s hand

• a pot of water on a stove boiling

• the sun heating water in a swimming pool