Structure & Function of Matter Review

• 1a: 

  • Pure Substances: elements or compounds

  • Mixtures: Homogeneous or heterogeneous

• 1b:

  • Phases of matter: solid, liquid, gas, plasma

    • Particle movement 

    • Particle movement with thermal energy(Motion of atoms in a substance– gives off heat is not heat)

    • Phase changes with application or removal of thermal energy

• 1c:

  • Physical Properties: boiling point, melting point, density, 

  • Chemical Properties: reactivity, combustability

• 1d: 

  • Physical changes of matter

  • Chemical changes of matter/ chemical reactions

    • Evidence- separate a mixture, development of a gas, formation of a precipitate, change in energy, color, or form

• 1f

  • Chemical reactions

    • Law conservation of matter

    • Reactants and products

    • Recognize balanced chemical equations

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Structure & Function of Matter Review

As Thermal Energy is applied, particle motion increases changing the STATE/PHASE of matter. Thermal Energy can cause temperature to increase. The faster and more widespread particles are, the HIGHER the density of matter

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Movement of Particles

Fill in the Blank

In a solid, the particles are very close together and they can't move much. They can only ----- a little bit. This is why solids keep their shape.

Fill in the Blank

In a liquid, the particles are still close together, but they can move around more. They ---- past each other and this is why liquids take the shape of the container they are in.

Fill in the Blank

In a gas, the particles are very far apart and they move around very quickly. They ------- off each other and the walls of their container. This is why gases can fill any container and take its shape.

Fill in the Blank

Plasma is a special state of matter that is found in things like lightning and stars. It's like a gas, but the particles are ------, which means they can conduct electricity.

​PHASE CHANGES

As thermal energy is applied or removed, phase change occurs. (Enthalapy of system refers to thermal energy increasing temperature of matter) KNOW YOUR TERMS for each phase and if TE is being added or removed

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​Phase Change

Multiple Choice

Transition from a solid to a liquid

• Condensation

• Melting

• Freezing

• Evaporation

Multiple Choice

Transition from a liquid to a gas

• Condensation

• Freezing

• Evaporation

• Melting

Multiple Choice

Transition from a liquid to a solid

• Freezing

• Sublimation

• Melting

• Evaporation

Multiple Choice

Change of a solid directly into a gas

• Deposition

• Melting

• Sublimation

• Freezing

Multiple Choice

Gas changes to a liquid

• Evaporation

• Melting

• Freezing

• Condensation

Multiple Choice

Change of a gas directly into a solid

• Sublimation

• Condensation

• Evaporation

• Deposition

Multiple Choice

When an object undergoes phase change, its mass

• increases

• stays the same

• decreases

Multiple Choice

The temperature at which a liquid evaporates to a gas is called

• freezing point

• boiling point

• melting point

• condensation point

Multiple Choice

The temperature at which a liquid freezes to a solid is called

• Freezing Point

• Melting Point

• Boiling Point

• Condensation Point

Multiple Choice

The temperature at which a solid melts to a liquid is called

• Boiling Point

• Freezing Point

• Condensation Point

• Melting Point

Multiple Choice

The temperature at which a gas condenses to a liquid is called

• boiling point

• condensation point

• melting point

• freezing point

Multiple Choice

What is physical change?

• How two chemicals react with one another when combined

• A property that we can measure or observe with our 5 senses or other tools

• When two chemicals react with one another to form a new substance

• When a change occurs but it does not result in the formation of a new substance

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true?

• A physical property can only be seen.

• A physical property describes how matter can change when exposed to air.

• A physical property is something that can be observed about the substance by itself.

• A physical property can only be observed when two types of matter interact.

Chemical properties are very useful in identifying substances. However, unlike physical properties, chemical properties can only be observed as the substance is in the process of being changed into a different substance.

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following always results from a chemical reaction?

• Fire

• Bubbles

• A new substance that is a solid

• A new substance that can be a solid, liquid, or gas
  

Multiple Choice

a reactant is a initial compound

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

A product is a new compound or molecule

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

A chemical property describes how matter __________.

• smells

• reacts with another type of matter

• looks under a microscope

• dissolves when made into a solution

Multiple Choice

Rusting metal is an example of a ____ change.

• chemical

• phase

• state

• physical

Multiple Choice

Which of the following options provides evidence of a CHEMICAL change?

• Wood is burned releasing ash and smoke

• Rocks separate when soil is sifted

• Boiling water bubbles when heated

• Salt dissolves in water

Elements are single atoms that CANNOT be broken down any further and retain their properties. Elements are shown by a capital letter symbol SOMETIMES with a lowercase (Na=Sodium, O=Oxygen
Compounds are 2+ different atoms BONDED together (like water= H2O)

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Elements or Compounds

Multiple Choice

Salt has a chemical formula of NaCl. Salt is a...

• Compound

• Mixture

• Element

• None of the Above

Multiple Choice

Which of the following represents an element?

• H₂O

• NaCl

• H₂

• CaCO₃

Multiple Choice

How many elements are represented in the compound?

Na₂CO₃

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

​https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/separation-of-mixtures/

Multiple Choice

Which one of the following would you use to separate sand from iron filings?

• a bar magnet

• filter paper

• chromatography paper

• alum

Multiple Choice

To separate a mixture of salt and water what separation method is used?

• Filtration

• Distillation

• Chromatography

• Evaporation

Multiple Choice

Two or more substances mingled together, but not chemically combined are known as a

• residue

• solution

• distillate

• mixture

Multiple Choice

What kind of mixture is a combination of substances that has uniform composition and appearance?

• colloid

• heteregenous

• homogeneous

• suspension

Multiple Choice

Which statement describes a heterogeneous mixture?

• A chemical reaction takes place.

• It has a uniform composition and appearance.

• It does not have a uniform composition and appearance.

• No answer

Multiple Choice

What mixture could you use this tool to best separate that mixture?

• Sugar and Salt

• Sand and rocks

• Apples and grapes