Mutations

Multiple Choice

This enzyme joins fragments of the lagging strand.

• DNA polymerase
• Helicase
• Ligase
• RNA Polymerase
• Topoisomerase

Multiple Choice

This enzyme creates a primer to begin a new strand of DNA in DNA replication.

• DNA polymerase
• Helicase
• Ligase
• RNA Polymerase
• Topoisomerase

Multiple Choice

A new strand of DNA is created in the ____ direction during DNA replication.

• 3' to 5'
• 5' to 3'

Multiple Choice

The _____ strand is made in short fragments during DNA replication

• leading
• lagging

Match

Match the following

• Topoisomerase

• Helicase

• DNA Polymerase

• Ligase

Loosens DNA helix

Unzips DNA strand

Adds bases and proofreads strand

Reattaches DNA at end of replication

• Loosens DNA helix

• Unzips DNA strand

• Adds bases and proofreads strand

• Reattaches DNA at end of replication

Match

Match the following

• Ligase

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase

• Primase

• Topoisomerase

the enzyme that joins together the Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand

the enzyme that unwinds and unzips the DNA strands via breaking hydrogen bonds

the enzyme that reads the parental strands to create complementary daughter strands

the enzyme that creates RNA primers to start the daughter strands

the enzyme that relieves pressure as the parent strands are uncoiled

• the enzyme that joins together the Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand

• the enzyme that unwinds and unzips the DNA strands via breaking hydrogen bonds

• the enzyme that reads the parental strands to create complementary daughter strands

• the enzyme that creates RNA primers to start the daughter strands

• the enzyme that relieves pressure as the parent strands are uncoiled

Match

Match the following

• works in 5' to 3' direction replicating DNA

• continuously replicated in 5' to 3' direction

• replicated in sections in 3' to 5' direction

• sections of lagging DNA strand

• joins DNA strands

DNA polymerase

leading DNA strand

lagging DNA strand

Okazaki fragments

ligase

• DNA polymerase

• leading DNA strand

• lagging DNA strand

• Okazaki fragments

• ligase

Multiple Choice

According to the central dogma, genetic information flows from:

• mRNA → DNA → proteins

• DNA → proteins → mRNA

• DNA → mRNA → proteins

• Proteins → DNA → mRNA

Labeling

Label the parts of the nucleotide

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Phosphate

Antigen

Sugar

Nitrogenous base

Multiple Choice

What describes a change in the DNA sequence?

• Transcription

• Translation

• DNA replication

• Mutation

• Apoptosis

Multiple Choice

Where do mutations typically occur?

• DNA and RNA

• DNA

• RNA

• mRNA and tRNA

Multiple Choice

Consider the structure of DNA, the blueprint of life. What is the term for a mutation where one DNA base is replaced by another different base?

• point mutation

• frameshift mutation

• silent mutation

• chromosomal mutation

Multiple Choice

Examine the diagram presented. What type of mutation does it illustrate?

• Point mutation - missense

• Frameshift Mutation - deletion

• Frameshift Mutation - addition

• Point mutation - nonsense

Multiple Choice

What type of genetic mutation is being described here?

• Nonsense mutation

• Missense mutation

• Silent mutation

• Frameshift mutation

Multiple Choice

Consider a situation where one DNA base is replaced by another, but the resulting protein remains unchanged. What is this type of mutation called?

• point mutation

• frameshift mutation

• silent mutation

• chromosomal mutation

Multiple Choice

If a point mutation does not change the order of the amino acid sequence, this is called a:

• nonsense mutation

• silent mutation

• missense mutation

• frameshift mutation

Match

Match the type of mutation with its definition:

• when one nucleotide is switched for a different one in the DNA sequence

• when one nucleotide is added into the DNA sequence

• when one nucleotide is removed from the DNA sequence

Substitution

Insertion

Deletion

• Substitution
• Insertion

• Deletion

Multiple Choice

Which type of mutation results in a premature stop codon?

• Missense mutation

• Nonsense mutation

• Silent mutation

• Frameshift mutation

Multiple Choice

ATTTGAGCC- Original
ATTGAGCC - Mutated
The example above is an example of a 

• Insertion- Frameshift
• Deletion- Substitution
• Deletion -Frameshift
• All of the above

Multiple Choice

What causes mutations?

• Mistakes in replication or environmental influences

• The amino acids

• Passed down by genetics

• It's how your born

Multiple Choice

What type of chromosomal mutation is this?

• Inversion
• Translocation
• Deletion
• Duplication

Multiple Choice

Gene: ABCDEF
Mutation: ACEFCD
What mutation occurred?

• deletion
• substitution
• inversion
• insertion

Multiple Choice

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.

• Substitution
• Insertion
• Inversion
• Translocation

Multiple Choice

Identify the mutation in the picture.

• Inversion
• Duplication
• Deletion
• Translocation

Multiple Choice

illustration shows. 

• sickle cell
• hemophilia
• turner's
• tay-sachs. 

Multiple Choice

Which of these is the correct order for the chromosome mutations in the image (from top to bottom)?

• (1) duplication, (2) inversion, (3) substitution, (4) translocation
• (1) deletion, (2) duplication, (3) inversion, (4) translocation
• (1) deletion, (2) insertion, (3) translocation, (4) inversio
• (1) substitution, (2) duplication, (3) translocation, (4) inversion

Multiple Choice

What describes a change in the DNA sequence?

• Transcription

• Translation

• DNA replication

• Mutation

• Apoptosis

Multiple Choice

Which one has Turner syndrome?

• 44+XXX

• 44+XYY

• 44+XY

• 44+XXY

• 44+X

Multiple Choice

Which one has super female syndrome?

• XXX

• XYY

• XY

• XXY

Multiple Choice

Which one has Klinefelter Syndrome?

• XXX

• XYY

• XXY

• 0X

Multiple Choice

Which one has super male syndrome?

• XXX

• XYY

• Y

• 0X

Multiple Choice

What type of mutation involves substituting a DNA base with a different base but still forms the same protein?

• point mutation

• frameshift mutation

• silent mutation

• chromosomal mutation

Multiple Choice

What type of mutation involves adding or deleting bases from the DNA, which results in new codons and codes new Amina acids?

• nonsense mutation

• missense mutation

• silent mutation

Multiple Choice

Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT

Mutated DNA = TAC GAC TCG AAT

What type of mutation has occurred?

• Chromosomal mutation

• Point mutation

• No mutation occurred

Multiple Choice

Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT

Mutated DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT

What type of mutation has occurred?

• Chromosomal mutation

• Point mutation

• Frameshift mutation

• No mutation occurred

Multiple Choice

What type of chromosomal mutation occurred?

• chromosomal insertion/duplication

• chromosomal deletion

• chromosomal inversion

• chromosomal translocation

Multiple Choice

What type of chromosomal mutation occurred?

• chromosomal insertion/duplication

• chromosomal deletion

• chromosomal inversion

• chromosomal translocation

Multiple Choice

What type of chromosomal mutation occurred?

• chromosomal insertion/duplication

• chromosomal deletion

• chromosomal inversion

• chromosomal translocation

Multiple Choice

What type of chromosomal mutation occurred?

• chromosomal insertion/duplication

• chromosomal deletion

• chromosomal inversion

• chromosomal translocation

Multiple Choice

Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT

Mutated DNA = TAC ACT TGA AT

What type of mutation has occurred?

• Chromosomal mutation

• Point/Frameshift mutation due to addition of base

• Point/Frameshift mutation due to deletion of base

Multiple Choice

What are considered "negative" mutations?

• mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and harms the organism

• mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and benefits the organism

• mutations in the DNA sequence that produces the same protein

• all mutations are considered bad and harm the organisms

Multiple Choice

What are considered "positive" mutations?

• mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and harms the organism

• mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and benefits the organism

• mutations in the DNA sequence that produces the same protein

• all mutations are considered bad and harm the organisms

Multiple Choice

What are considered neutral mutations?

• mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and harms the organism

• mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and benefits the organism

• mutations in the DNA sequence that produces the same protein

• all mutations are considered bad and harm the organisms

Match

Match the following

• Mutation

• Point mutation

• Silent mutation

• Chromosomal mutation

a change in the DNA sequence

a type of mutation where one to few bases are substituted with different bases

a type of mutation that doesn't result in a change in the amino acid sequence (same protein)

a type of mutation where large sections of the chromosome are affected

• a change in the DNA sequence

• a type of mutation where one to few bases are substituted with different bases

• a type of mutation that doesn't result in a change in the amino acid sequence (same protein)

• a type of mutation where large sections of the chromosome are affected