Atoms and Periodicity SWP

Atoms &

The Periodic Table

Review & Brain Dump

Atomic Structure

• Nucleus (inside)

• Electron Cloud (outside)

Nucleus

Contains protons & neutrons

*ALL the mass is located in nucleus

*The charge of the nucleus is positive

Protons

• Positive Charge

• Same mass (size) as neutrons (bigger than electrons)

• Tells us the IDENTITY of the element

• Equal to the Atomic Number

• Equal to the total electrons

  (APE)

• Mass Number = P + N

  (MAN)

Neutrons

• Neutral Charge

• Same mass (size) as protons (bigger than electrons)

• Mass Number - P = N

  (MAN)

  *We cannot find neutrons on the periodic table! We must solve for it using M.A.N.

Multiple Choice

Which statement correctly describes the nucleus of an atom?

• The nucleus is negatively charged and contains no mass of the atom

• The nucleus is negatively charged and contains all the mass of the atom

• The nucleus is positively charged and contains all the mass of the atom

• The nucleus is positively charged and contains no mass of the atom

Multiple Choice

Atoms of which two elements have a combined total of 17 protons?

• Chlorine, Cl, and Hydrogen, H

• Neon, Ne, and Carbon, C

• Aluminum, Al, and Beryllium, Be

• Chlorine, Cl, and Helium, He

Electron Cloud

Contains electrons

*Energy levels = period number

*Negatively charged

Electrons

• Negative Charge

• Small (no mass)

• Total electrons = number of protons (APE)

• Valence electrons = group number (reactivity)

  *outer most electrons

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows a model of an atom. The model has four different symbols on it. Each symbol represents a different role for one of the particles within the atom. In this model, which particle determines the reactivity of this atom?

• Particle W

• Particle X

• Particle Y

• Particle Z

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows a model of an atom. Which element could this model represent?

• Carbon

• Oxygen

• Sulfur

• Fluorine

Periodic Table

• Groups & Periods

• Metals, Metalloids, Nonmetals

Groups

• Up and down

• Group numbers tell us the number of valence electrons (Group 17 = 7 valence electrons)

• Elements in the same group have similar reactivities

Reactive Groups

• Group 1: most reactive metals (1 valence electron)

• Group 17 (7A): most reactive nonmetals (7 valence electrons)

• Group 18 (8A): Nobel Gases--- least reactive, most stable, inert (8 valence electrons)

Periods

• Horizontal (side-to-side)

• Period number tells us the number of energy levels (rings) in an atom

Multiple Choice

Of the following atomic models, which represents the most reactive atom?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Which two elements have the same number of energy levels?

• S and Se

• Si and Sb

• Cu and Zn

• Ar and Kr

Metals

• Luster (shiny)

• Malleable (bends)

• Good conductor (moves heat & electricity)

Metalloids

• Luster (shiny)

• Brittle (breaks)

• Semi-conductor (kind of moves heat & electricity)

Nonmetals

• Dull (not shiny)

• Brittle (breaks)

• Insulators (does not move heat & electricity)

Multiple Choice

The periodic table is organized into groups and periods of elements. The characteristics of a certain group of elements are listed below. Which of these elements is in this group?

• Lithium

• Strontium

• Aluminum

• Silicon

Electron Config

By Diana Burmaster

Take Notes!

​Even if the material seems familiar

Writing down the material again will help you learn it. Just like your spelling words in elementary school. But you've got to THINK about what you are writing. So turn off the music and concentrate on Chemistry.

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

What does the 's' stand for in the s-subshell?

• sphere

• sharp

• nothing, just a designation

• subshell

Multiple Choice

How many p-orbitals are ther in each level?

• 1

• 3

• 6

• 7

• 2

Multiple Choice

How many electrons can fit in a p-subshell?

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 6

• 7

Multiple Choice

Ho many d-orbitals are ther in a subshell?

• 5

• 3

• 2

• 10

• 6

Multiple Choice

How many electrons can fit in a d-orbital?

• 2

• 3

• 6

• 5

• 10

Multiple Choice

What charge does oxygen form

• none, oxygen doesn't make ions

• 2+

• 2-

• 4-

• 3-

Multiple Choice

What will be the last term in the electron configuration for any noble gas ?

• depends on which gas

• d¹⁰

• s²

• p⁶

Multiple Choice

What will be the final electron configuration term for rubidium, Rb?

• can't tell

• 5s¹

• 5d¹

• 5p¹

Poll

Did you follow the patterns or will you memorize each element?

• pattern. got it

• memorizing is easier

• it's chemistry. I won't do either

• there was a pattern?

• other