Understanding Operant Conditioning

What is operant conditioning?

• A type of learning where involuntary behaviour is associated with a consequence.

• A type of learning where voluntary behaviour is associated with a consequence.

• A type of learning where behaviour is not associated with any consequence.

• A type of learning where behaviour is only associated with positive reinforcement.

Who coined the term "operant conditioning"?

• Ivan Pavlov

• John Watson

• B. F. Skinner

• Edward Thorndike

What does reinforcement do in operant conditioning?

• Makes the behaviour less likely to occur.

• Has no effect on the behaviour.

• Makes the behaviour more likely to occur.

• Eliminates the behaviour completely.

What is the "law of effect" as stated by Edward Thorndike?

• Responses that produce a discomforting effect become more likely to occur.

• Responses that produce a satisfying effect become less likely to occur.

• Responses that produce a satisfying effect become more likely to occur.

• Responses that have no effect become more likely to occur.

What is the purpose of the Skinner box?

• To provide a comfortable environment for the organism.

• To allow complete control of the organism’s environment and study operant conditioning.

• To punish the organism for incorrect behaviour.

• To provide food and water to the organism.

Which of the following is an example of a voluntary behaviour?

• Breathing

• Heartbeat

• Writing an essay

• Reflex action

What effect does punishment have in operant conditioning?

• Makes the behaviour more likely to occur.

• Has no effect on the behaviour.

• Makes the behaviour less likely to occur.

• Reinforces the behaviour.

Which psychologist first stated the "law of effect"?

• B. F. Skinner

• Ivan Pavlov

• John Watson

• Edward Thorndike

In operant conditioning, what is a consequence that increases the likelihood of a behaviour called?

• Punishment

• Reinforcement

• Neutral stimulus

• Extinction

Which of the following is NOT a component of operant conditioning?

• Voluntary behaviour

• Consequence

• Reflex action

• Reinforcement or punishment