Modern World History

Which of the following resulted from the fragmentation of the Mongol Empire following the death of Genghis Khan?

• The collapse of the Byzantine Empire

• The development of khanates in Central Asia

• The spread of Islam into East Asia

• Increased trade between Africa and Asia

In the period 900 to 1500 C.E., the Ottomans and the Aztecs were similar in that both peoples were

• isolated from the major Eurasian trade routes

• nomadic groups that migrated to already settled regions and conquered them

• politically unified by the adoption of a monotheistic religion

• able to dominate other societies with large horse-mounted armies

Which of the following accurately describes a significant difference between the Ottoman and Mughal Empires in the early seventeenth century?

• The Mughals practiced religious tolerance toward non-Muslim subjects, while the Ottomans did not.

• The Ottomans ruled over people who were predominately Muslim, while the Mughals did not.

• The Mughals used gunpowder weapons to expand their territory, while the Ottomans did not.

• The Ottomans made Shia Islam the official state religion, while the Mughals made Buddhism the official state religion.

The expansion of communication and trade networks in Afro-Eurasia from 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E. resulted in the spread of which of the following from South Asia?

• Military weaponry, such as iron-tipped spears and chariots

• Technological and scientific concepts, such as the decimal and zero

• Irrigation technologies, such as ceramic pipes

• Textile manufacturing processes, such as the spinning jenny

“It is most evident that kings, queens, and other princes . . . are ordained of God, are to be obeyed and honored by their subjects; that such subjects as are disobedient or rebellious against their princes, disobey God.”

An Homily Against Disobedience and Willful Rebellion, Church of England, 1570

What could most reasonably be concluded from the sermon above?

• The clergy generally appointed kings, queens, and princes.

• Rulers often used religious ideas and institutions to justify their rule.

• Rulers were most often chosen from members of the clergy.

• The clergy believed in the separation of church and state.

Which of the following describes a major cause of the expansion of the Ottoman Empire in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?

• The Ottoman Empire successfully pursued mercantilist economic policies.

• Ottoman citizens unified by their recent conversion to Islam were strongly motivated to conquer.

• Exploitation of artillery and small arms gave the Ottomans advantages over many of their political rivals.

• The decentralized federalism of the Ottoman Empire encouraged competition and technological innovation.

Which of the following about Afro-Eurasian trade is supported by the map above?

• The states of the Middle East did not participate in the Indian Ocean trading system.

• The Ottoman Empire was located at the intersections of major trading routes.

• The Delhi Sultanate relied primarily on sea routes to participate in the silk trade across Asia.

• The Islamic states of West Africa maintained close commercial ties with eastern Europe.

Which of the following factors contributed most to Manchu expansion in Asia during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

• The development of large trading companies

• The adoption of Buddhist beliefs

• The military alliances with western European states

• The use of cannons and gunpowder

Which of the following languages came into existence after 1000 as the direct result of expanding global trade patterns?

• Arabic

• Chinese

• Latin

• Sanskrit

• Swahili

Which of the following statements is true about both the Mughal and the Ottoman empires in the sixteenth century?

• In each, the majority of the people were Muslims.

• Each had a powerful navy that engaged European navies.

• Each had developed an efficient administrative structure.

• Each enjoyed peaceful relations with its neighboring states.

• Each gave little monetary support to artistic and cultural endeavors.