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Worksheets2015-16 Semester Two Part 2
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 2hrs 36mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Cell mutations are....?
a)
Unnatural and harmful
b)
Unnatural and always affect the organism
c)
Natural and produces genetic diversity
d)
Natural and always affect the organism
2.
Where do mutations occur?
a)
DNA and RNA
b)
DNA
c)
RNA
d)
mRNA and tRNA
3.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
4.
Mitosis creates _____ daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell.
a)
4 haploid
b)
2 haploid
c)
4 diploid
d)
2 diploid
5.
Meiosis occurs in _____ cells.
a)
somatic
b)
sex
c)
body
6.
Mitosis occurs in _____ cells.
a)
somatic
b)
sex
c)
gamete
7.
Meiosis creates ____ daughter cells that are unique from the parent cell.
a)
4 haploid
b)
2 diploid
c)
4 diploid
d)
2 haploid
8.
If there are 16 chromosomes in the egg cells of an organism, how many chromosomes would be found in its muscle cells?
a)
16
b)
8
c)
32
d)
64
9.
If there are 20 chromosomes in the egg cells, how many chromosomes would be found in the sperm cells of the same species?
a)
10
b)
20
c)
40
d)
80
10.
If there are 48 chromosomes in the skin cells of an organism, how many chromosomes would be found in the organism's sperm cells?
a)
48
b)
24
c)
96
d)
12
11.
Which term describes the pairing of homologous chromosomes in prophase I of meiosis?
a)
somatic
b)
tetrad
c)
synapsis
d)
homologous
12.
When the chromosomes pair in synapsis of prophase I of meiosis, what is the result (with 4 chromatids) called?
a)
tetrad
b)
chromosome
c)
quad
d)
homologous
13.
Structure A refers to the _____.
a)
chromatid
b)
chromosome
c)
centromere
14.
The time between cell divisions in the life cycle of the cell is called
a)
anaphase
b)
interphase
c)
prophase
d)
metaphase
15.
A diploid cell is one that
a)
has 2 copies of each chromosome
b)
is designated by 2n
c)
has chromosomes found in pairs
d)
all the rest are correct
16.
The division of the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell is called
a)
mitosis
b)
binary fission
c)
cytokinesis
d)
M phase
17.
How many chromosomes does each body cell of a human have?
a)
48
b)
46
c)
23
d)
2
18.
Which term refers to a picture of an individual’s chromosomes, used to detect genetic conditions?
a)
synapsis
b)
tetrad
c)
centriole
d)
karyotype
19.
In what stage do chromosomes align in the center of the cell?
a)
prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telophase
20.
In what stage are chromosomes separated and moved to opposite poles?
a)
prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telophase
21.
The fusion of an egg and sperm cell creates a
a)
haploid cell
b)
diploid cell
22.
This picture shows which process?
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
the cell cycle
23.
This picture shows which process?
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
the cell cycle
24.
This image shows which process?
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
the cell cycle
25.
Having two of the same genes for the trait (TT, tt); Both dominant or both recessive.
a)
homozygous or purebred
b)
heterozygous or hybrid
c)
twin offspring
d)
pairs of chromosomes
26.
Dominant alleles are represented by a:
a)
Male gene
b)
lowercase letter
c)
recessive trait
d)
capital letter
27.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
28.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous genes
d)
mutated DNA
29.
Aa is
a)
homozygous (purebred)
b)
heterozygous (hybrid)
30.
B=brown eyes
b= blue eyes
What is true about these two brothers that have brown eyes:
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
b= blue eyes
What is true about these two brothers that have brown eyes:
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
a)
they have same phenotype and genotype
b)
they have different genotypes and phenotypes
c)
they have same phenotype but different genotypes
d)
they have same genotype but different phenotypes
31.
A dog gives birth to 5 puppies. What percentage of the chromosomes does each puppy share with the mother?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
32.
Evan is a tall, 12 year old boy. He has a scar on his right cheek. He is intelligent and an excellent drummer. Which of his traits did he most likely inherit?
a)
height
b)
the scar
c)
his intelligence
d)
ability to play drums
33.
Where is DNA in a eukaryotic cell?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Cell membrane
c)
Nucleus
d)
Vacuole
34.
In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
lower case letter
d)
both
35.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
36.
T = tall an t = short
TT and Tt would result in the following phenotype
TT and Tt would result in the following phenotype
a)
short
b)
tall
c)
medium sized
d)
neither tall or short
37.
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.
a)
heredity
b)
trait
c)
gene
d)
allele
38.
What gender has an X and a Y chromosome?
a)
male
b)
female
c)
transgender
d)
all of the above
39.
What is the cause of some traits "skipping" a generation?
a)
dominant traits
b)
recessive traits
c)
mutations
d)
natural selection
40.
Who is considered the "father of genetics"?
a)
Gregor Mendel
b)
Reginald Punnett
c)
James Watson
d)
Justin Bieber
41.
The scientific study of heredity is ____.
a)
Genetics
b)
Punnett squares
c)
Inheritance
d)
Biology
42.
Colorblindness is a recessive, X chromosome sex-link disorder. Cross the parents to figure out which percentage of their offspring will be colorblind.
a)
25%
b)
0%
c)
75%
d)
50%
43.
What determines gender in humans?
a)
the X and Y chromosome
b)
chromosome 21
c)
codominance
d)
epistasis
44.
In fruit flies eye color is carried on the X chromosome. RED is dominant to WHITE. What is the sex and color of the following: XRXR
a)
female red
b)
female white
c)
male red
d)
male white
45.
Pea plants can have green or yellow seeds. In a pea plant that is heterozygous for seed color, the allele for yellow seeds masks the effects of the allele of green seeds. Which of the following terms best describes the allele for yellow seeds?
a)
codominant
b)
recessive
c)
dominant
d)
sex-linked
46.
W=white hair
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
a)
none
b)
3/4
c)
1/2
d)
all
47.
R=round seed
r=wrinkled seed.
Cross a homozygous round with a wrinkled. Which statement predicts the results?
r=wrinkled seed.
Cross a homozygous round with a wrinkled. Which statement predicts the results?
a)
offspring will be Rr
b)
offspring will be RR
c)
round seeds will be recessive to wrinkled
d)
Wrinkled will be observed in half of offspring
48.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
49.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
50.
Which of the following statements best describes how adaptations benefits an organism?
a)
It guarantees that the organism will survive
b)
It increases an organism's chances of survival
c)
It guarantees that an organism will have a stout beak
d)
It increases an organism's chance of becoming extinct
51.
natural differences in an inherited trait
a)
Asexual
b)
Uniform
c)
Variation
d)
Overproduction
52.
organisms that are better adapted (more fit) to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms that are less adapted to their environment
a)
Extinction
b)
Artificial Selection
c)
Variation
d)
Natural Selection
53.
the process by which populations change over time
a)
Extinction
b)
Evolution
c)
Population
d)
Mutation
54.
What is suggested by the similarity of early embryos of different species of vertebrates?
a)
no evolutionary relationships between the groups
b)
recent common ancestry
c)
similar environments in the past
d)
evolution froma distant common ancestor
55.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures. These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
56.
If an organism has a vestigial structure, that structure likely once had a function in a(n)
a)
close relative
b)
early ancestor
c)
unrelated organism
d)
embryological stage
57.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
58.
Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene. The change is called a(n)
a)
mutation
b)
gene flow
c)
gene pool
d)
allele
59.
Mutations are important because they bring about
a)
death of the organism in which they develop
b)
genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
c)
benefits for the individual, not for the population
d)
Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population
60.
What is speciation?
a)
combining of tow species to form one with different traits
b)
isolation that affects mating behaviors
c)
timing of mating that prevents normal sexual selection
d)
divergence of two or more species from an existing one
61.
An earthquake causes an ocean channel top open and separate an island into two. the species on each section are now in
a)
geographic isoliation
b)
behavioral isolation
c)
disruptive selection
d)
temporal isolation
62.
two species are in different environments and look very similar. However, that are not closely related (analogous). Their resemblance is most likely an example of.
a)
sexual selection
b)
temporal isolation
c)
convergent evolution
d)
divergent evolution
63.
Natural selection results in change over time by acting on traits that are
a)
heritable
b)
new
c)
mutated
d)
better than the best
64.
Favors the middle of the population.
a)
Disruptive selection
b)
Stabilizing selection
c)
Directional selection
65.
Middle is wiped out, extremes survive.
Red is previous, blue represents the change.
Red is previous, blue represents the change.
a)
Stabilizing selection
b)
Disruptive selection
c)
Directional selection
66.
The entire curve moves in one direction or the other. Red is previous, blue represents the change.
a)
Stabilizing selection
b)
Disruptive selection
c)
Directional selection
67.
Which of the following ideas proposed by Lamarck was later found to be incorrect?
a)
Acquired characteristics can be inherited
b)
All species are descended from other species
c)
Living things change over time
d)
There is a relationship between an organism and its environment
68.
Which of the following explains how natural selection causes a trait to become predominant in a population?
a)
Individuals with traits that are favorable to the environment reproduce more.
b)
Traits of an individual change in order to adapt to changes in enviornment.
c)
organisms select which traits they wish to inherit
d)
all of these answers
69.
Why would a population with a large amount of genetic variation be more likely to survive a severe climate change in its environment?
a)
Individuals will only create offspring well-suited to the climate change
b)
The individuals would produce more offspring
c)
Individuals better suited to the new climate will help less-suited individuals survive
d)
Some individuals will posses traits better suited to the new climate and be more likely to pass them on
70.
The idea that evolution seems to occur in spurts of time.
a)
stabilizing selection
b)
directional selection
c)
disruptive selection
d)
puntuated equilibrium
71.
Intermediate fossil forms are important evidence of evolution because they show
a)
how organisms change over time
b)
how animals behaved in their environments
c)
how the embryos of organisms develop
d)
molecular homologies
72.
Which process produced the two different types of beaks in the ground finch and the tree finch?
a)
artificial selection
b)
geographical distribution
c)
natural selection
d)
disuse of the beak
73.
Darwin's observation that finches of different species on the Galapagos have many similar physical traits supports the hypothesis that these finches
a)
have the ability to interbreed
b)
acquired traits through use and disuse
c)
all eat the same type of food
d)
descended from a common ancestor
74.
The changes an organism make to its behavior or body structure to be better suited for survival in an environment.
a)
Adaptation
b)
Behavior
c)
Fossil
d)
Nutrient
75.
Often termed survival of the fittest, this is a way in which evolution occurs.
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Chance
c)
Genetic Lift
d)
Maturation
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