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WorksheetsECOLOGY REVIEW
Total questions: 87
Worksheet time: 1hrs 11mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Ecology is.......
a)
Organisms and their environment
b)
Medical research
c)
Electricity
d)
Astronomy
2.
Diversity....or Biodiversity...
a)
The number of plants an animal eats
b)
The type of food an organism eats
c)
The way an organism reproduces
d)
The number of different species in an area
3.
Zooxanthelle are found in
a)
Kelp
b)
Sand
c)
Coral
d)
Deep Sea Volcanoes
4.
The nonliving aspects of an ecosystem.
a)
Abiotic factors
b)
Biotic factors
5.
The living portions of the ecosystem.
a)
Biotic factors
b)
Abiotic factors
6.
Water temperature would be an example of ...
a)
A biotic factor
b)
An abiotic factor
7.
A collection of organisms that belong to different populations but all live in the same area and interact with one another.
a)
Population
b)
Ecosystem
c)
Community
d)
Ecosphere
8.
A place where an organism lives.
a)
Terrain
b)
Habitat
c)
Community
d)
Population
9.
A collection of organisms that make up a community as well as all of the nonliving aspects of the environment.
a)
Population
b)
Community
c)
Habitat
d)
Ecosystem
10.
Two or more members of a particular species living and interacting in the same area
a)
Community
b)
Population
c)
Organisms
d)
Biosphere
11.
Which level will contain plants?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
12.
A living relationship between two species in which one organism is harmed is called...
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
niche
13.
symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit
a)
competition
b)
Mutualism
c)
nitrogen fixation
d)
energy pyramid
14.
A barnacle living on a whales skin..the whale is not harmed or affected
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
15.
Which of the following would be the most likely effect, if there were a sudden increase in the cricket population?
a)
There would be a decrease in the small bird population.
b)
There would be a decrease in the grass/flowers population.
c)
There would be a decrease in the mice population.
d)
There would be an increase in the grass/flowers population.
16.
An organism that lives by breaking apart dead organic matter into simpler parts is...
a)
scavenger
b)
consumer
c)
decomposer
d)
carnivore
17.
Autotrophs make up the _______ level in all ecosystems.
a)
First
b)
Second
c)
Third
d)
Fourth
18.
What is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
sunlight
c)
water
d)
carbon
19.
Where have organisms adapted to keep from being swept away?
a)
intertidal area
b)
coral reef
c)
estuary
d)
Sargasso Sea
20.
Which ecosystem contains both fresh and salt water?
a)
intertidal area
b)
coral reef
c)
estuary
d)
Sargasso Sea
21.
The area that has warm, sunlit water and is where the ocean floor begins to slope downward is the
a)
intertidal zone
b)
neritic zone
c)
oceanic zone
d)
benthic zone
22.
The area that contains the deep water of the open ocean and is where the sea floor drops sharply is the
a)
intertidal zone
b)
neritic zone
c)
oceanic zone
d)
benthic zone
23.
The ocean floor, some parts of which get no sunlight, is the
a)
intertidal zone
b)
neritic zone
c)
oceanic zone
d)
benthic zone
24.
Which of the following is NOT a key abiotic factor in marine ecosystems?
a)
water temperature
b)
amount of sunlight
c)
water depth
d)
amount of plankton
25.
The base of the ocean's food chains is formed by
a)
blue whales
b)
plankton
c)
coral reefs
d)
sargassums
26.
The flow of energy through an ecosystem can be depicted in a food web. What forms the base of the open ocean food web?
a)
algae
b)
fish
c)
shrimp
d)
whales
27.
Hydrothermal vents, submarine hotsprings, and methane cold seeps release heat and chemicals deep below the surface of the ocean. Surprisingly, the areas around these sites are able to support ecosystems. Based on this info, such ocean ecosystems most likely contain...
a)
primary consumers that create energy from oxidizing chemicals
b)
primary producers that create energy from oxidizing chemicals
c)
primary consumers that obtain energy from photosynthetic plants
d)
primary producers that obtain energy from photosynthetic plants
28.
The ocean contains ecosystems that can support life without plants. Where are these ecosystems most likely located?
a)
near the shoreline
b)
in the deep ocean
c)
in the open ocean
d)
in an estuary
29.
In terms of photosynthesis, at what depth are organisms in the ocean most productive?
a)
between 1000-4000m
b)
below 4000 meters
c)
above 200 meters
d)
between 200 and 1000 meters
30.
Which factors limit the productivity of a marine ecosystem?
a)
availability of light and nutrients
b)
availability of nutrients and fresh water
c)
availability of light and chemosynthetic organisms
d)
availability of photosynthetic organisms and fresh water
31.
To which condition do all species in the ocean depths have to adapt?
a)
lower salinity
b)
extreme pressure
c)
swift ocean currents
d)
hot water temperature
32.
Light does not reach the bottom of the ocean, yet certain species on the bottom of the ocean get energy to live?
a)
algae and bacteria produce energy through photosynthesis
b)
hydrothermal vents produce energy through chemical reactions
c)
dead plants and animals produce energy through decomposition
33.
Most of the oxygen in Earth's atmosphere is produced in the top six inches of the oceans. Which best explains this?
a)
Oxygen is produced as a by-product as fish breathe through their gills
b)
oxygen is produced by seawater, which evaporates into pure oxygen and hydrogen
c)
oxygen is produced by deepwater plants and is then moved to the surface of the ocean
d)
oxygen is produced by photosynthetic microorganisms that live near the surface of the ocean
34.
Why are large numbers of ocean animals found in areas where upwelling occurs?
a)
oxygen is increased by the movement of water
b)
oxygen is decreased by the movement of water
c)
nutrients are increased by the movement of water
d)
nutrients are decreased by the movement of water
35.
Parrotfish are herbivores that are found in coral reefs. To escape predation, a parrotfish will graze with a rabbitfish, which has venomous spines at the end of its pelvic fins. The rabbitfish does not benefit from this relationship. Which type of relationship do the parrotfish and the rabbitfish have in the coral-reef environment?
a)
Commensal
b)
Mutualistic
c)
Predator-prey
d)
Parasitic
36.
A native species and a non-native species are competing for resources within the same ecosystem. The non-native species is more likely to survive than the native species in which of the following situations?
a)
Both the native species and the non-native species thrive on the same food source
b)
The native species is immune to certain pathogens in the ecosystem
c)
Predators prey on both native and non-native species
d)
The non-native species has no natural enemies in the ecosystem
37.
The overgrowth of algae poses a major problem for coral reefs. Intensive fishing is one factor that contributes to algae overgrowth because it does which of the following?
a)
Allows more sunlight to be available to algae
b)
Inhibits the spread of pathogens in algae colonies
c)
Reduces the number of organisms that feed on algae
d)
Increases the competition between different algae species
38.
Which statement is true about an ecosystem?
a)
An ecosystem is only made up of living organisms in an environment.
b)
An ecosystem is made up of a few living organisms and their nonliving surroundings in an environment..
c)
An ecosystem is made up of all the living organisms and their nonliving surroundings in an environment
d)
An ecosystem is only made up of nonliving factors in an environment.
39.
one organism kills and eats another
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
40.
both organisms need the same resources
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
competition
d)
predation
41.
one organism benefits, the other is harmed
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
42.
A harmless scarlet king snake and a venomous eastern coral snake have similar band patterns, as shown below. For the scarlet king snake, the adaptation of having a banding pattern like the eastern coral snake is known as mimicry.
The outcome of this adaptation in the scarlet king snake is to —
The outcome of this adaptation in the scarlet king snake is to —
a)
make it easier for the scarlet king snake to attract prey
b)
make it easier for the scarlet king snake to interbreed with the other snake
c)
allow the scarlet king snake to blend in with its environment
d)
protect the scarlet king snake from predators
43.
The diagram represents different levels of a marine food pyramid. Between which two levels is the least amount of energy transferred
a)
R and Q
b)
S and R
c)
T and S
d)
U and T
44.
Shallow coastal waters provide an essential habitat to a variety of plants and animals. A small part of a coastal food web is shown. Which organism is a primary consumer?
a)
algae
b)
horseshoe crab
c)
striped bass
d)
soft-shell clam
45.
Hummingbirds need large amounts of energy to flap their wings between 60 and 200 times per second. Their wings beat so rapidly that it is difficult to see them move. They often appear suspended in air for extended periods of time without changing their location. Hummingbirds have long bills and grooved tongues to reach into flowers to feed on flower nectar. They also feed on insects. Which term best describes the ecological relationship between hummingbirds and insects?
a)
mutualism
b)
parasite-host
c)
predator-prey
d)
commensalism
46.
Coral reefs provide
a)
shelter
b)
tourism
c)
protection from storms
d)
all the above
47.
What percent of all the plants and animals in the ocean live around coral reefs?
a)
25 percent
b)
30 percent
c)
50 percent
d)
10 percent
48.
What builds up over time to form a reef?
a)
Sand
b)
Coral skeletons
c)
Fish bones
d)
Rocks
49.
Coral reefs are important to medical research.
a)
true
b)
false
50.
Who causes the most damage to coral reefs?
a)
Whales
b)
Fish
c)
Boats
d)
Humans
51.
What is a tiny individual coral animal?
a)
Polyps
b)
Crevice
c)
Atolls
d)
Erosion
52.
What is the biggest ecological benefit of coral reefs?
a)
tourism
b)
seafood
c)
habitat
d)
protection of shoreline
53.
What threatens the reefs in the fall?
a)
predators
b)
pollution
c)
hurricanes
d)
elevated temperatures
54.
Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
a)
Puerto Rico
b)
Florida
c)
Indonisia
d)
Australia
55.
What is the biggest economic benefit of coral reefs?
a)
filtration
b)
habitat
c)
tourism
d)
protection of shoreline
56.
What covers coral when it is dead?
a)
Life
b)
Algae
c)
Fish
d)
Seaweed
57.
Coral polyps eat zooxanthellae
a)
True
b)
False
58.
In warm tropical ocean ecosystems, all other life forms depend on which of the following:
a)
Coral
b)
Shrimp
c)
Algae
d)
Bacteria
59.
How many years old can a very mature coral reef be?
a)
15 years old
b)
100 years old
c)
250 years old
d)
1000 years old
60.
What type of organism are corals?
a)
Plants
b)
Animals
c)
Bacteria
d)
Fungi
61.
Which coral-consuming organism has jaws so powerful it can bite through rock?
a)
Parrotfish
b)
King Crab
c)
Polyps
d)
Whale Sharks
62.
One individual living thing:
a)
Population
b)
Community
c)
Organism
d)
Ecosystem
63.
All the different fish in a fish tank is an example of a(n):
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Community
c)
Population
d)
Organism
64.
A single goldfish named Goldie in a fish tank is an example of a(n):
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Community
c)
Population
d)
Organism
65.
Arctic ecosystems are considered marine ecosystems because nearly all the_________ in this area comes from the ocean.
a)
Animals
b)
Food
c)
Snow
d)
Fresh water
66.
Which of the following is a factor that influences where an organism lives in an aquatic ecosystem?
a)
sunlight
b)
nutrient availability
c)
temperature
d)
all of the above
67.
The bottom area of a pond or lake.
a)
Littoral zone
b)
Benthic zone
c)
Swamp
d)
Barrier island
68.
Bottom dwelling organisms.
a)
Plankton
b)
Fish
c)
Mammals
d)
Benthos
69.
Free swimming organisms
a)
Benthos
b)
Nekton
c)
Amoba
d)
Crustacean
70.
Organisms that cannot swim against current.
a)
Fish
b)
Plankton
c)
Crustacean
d)
Benthos
71.
Why does photosynthesis not occur in the deep ocean?
a)
Lack of nutrients
b)
Low oxygen levels
c)
Excess sunlight
d)
Sunlight does not penetrate
72.
What is the source of most ocean pollution
a)
activities on land
b)
climate change
c)
aquatic animals
d)
none of the above
73.
The role or function or job of a species in a community.
a)
habitat
b)
diet
c)
niche
d)
ecosystem
74.
In Antartic ecosystems, all animals depend on which species in the food chain?
a)
Penguins
b)
Polar bears
c)
Krill
d)
Leopard seals
75.
Red mangroves
a)
are much like normal trees thus growing well past the high tide line
b)
have their roots coming out of the trunk thus propping them up in the water
c)
have many roots poking out of the mud exposed to the air
d)
are a species of fish
76.
This is a
a)
white mangrove
b)
red mangrove
c)
black mangrove
d)
red cypress tree
77.
grass->rabbit -> fox
a)
food chain
b)
food web
c)
energy pyramid
78.
Competition
a)
when two or more individuals or populations try to use the same resources
b)
occurs only between individual organisms
c)
occurs only between two or more populations
d)
the largest population that an environment can support at any given time
79.
Carrying Capacity
a)
the largest population that an environment can support at any given time
b)
resources that are so scarce that it limits the size of a population
c)
the smallest population that an environment can support at any given time
d)
the amount of nuts a chipmunk can hold in its cheeks at one time
80.
Limiting Factor
a)
resources that are so scarce that it limits the size of a population
b)
the largest population that an environment can support at any given time
c)
describes the factors that help explain a growth in a population
d)
is represented by a straight line on a graph
81.
Food Web
a)
diagram that shows many paths of how each living thing gets food, and how nutrients and energy are passed from creature to creature
b)
diagram that shows how each living thing gets food, and how nutrients and energy are passed from creature to creature
c)
a triangular diagram that shows the ecosystem’s loss of energy as it passes through the food chain
d)
a web that a spiders builds to capture its food
82.
Example of carrying capacity: How many 1 inch fish can fit in a 10 gallon aquarium?
a)
20
b)
50
c)
10
d)
2
83.
What invasive species is taking over our native Texas species? ( Hint: we REALLY REALLY hate them!!!! )
a)
kudzu
b)
Burmese pythons
c)
Fire ants
d)
mosquitos
84.
By the orientation of the arowanas mouth, this species habitat is
a)
benthic
b)
at the surface
c)
living in the middle depth of rivers
d)
not enough information
85.
Standing ankle deep at Surfside Beach, you are in the __________zone.
a)
oceanic
b)
benthic
c)
intertidal
d)
litoral
86.
Which of the following is NOT nekton?
a)
human
b)
manatee
c)
jellyfish
d)
hippopotamus
87.
Best caption for this picture is:
a)
a predator-prey example
b)
the bicyclist better be in VERY good shape!
c)
someone is having a very BAD day!
d)
All the answers are correct
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