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Meiosis, Mutations, and Mendel/Nonmendelian Mayhem

Total questions: 150

Worksheet time: 3hrs 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
T2 - The Law of Segregation explains why, if you start with 46 choromosomes, Meiosis produces cells with how many chromosomes?
a)
44
b)
22
c)
46
d)
23
2.

The Law of Segregation occurs in meiosis in

a)

Anaphase 1 when homologous chromosomes separate

b)

Anaphase 2 when homologous chromosomes separate

c)

Anaphase 1 when sister chromatids separate

d)

Anaphase 2 when sister chromatids separate

3.

The Law of Independent Assortment can be seen in

a)

Anaphase 2 when homologous chromosomes separate

b)

Metaphase 1 when homologous chromosomes line up independently on the metaphase plate

c)

Metaphase 2 when sister chromatids line up independently on the metaphase plate

d)

Anaphase 2 when sister chromatids separate

4.

The Law of Independent Assortment means that

a)

gametes will always be half the amount of DNA as somatic cells

b)

every gamete gets equal number of chromosomes

c)

gametes have varying amounts of mom and dad chromosomes

d)

each chromosome in a gamete is a mix of the mom and dad's homologous pair

5.
Where does an off spring get its traits in asexual reproduction?
a)
From both parents
b)
From only one parent
c)
From neither parent
d)
There are no traits handed down
6.
What is an advantage of sexual reproduction?
a)
Allows genetic variation
b)
Only needs one parent
c)
Happens very quickly
d)
Offspring are exact copies of parent
7.
What is one disadvantage of sexual reproduction?
a)
Only one parent needed
b)
Off spring are exact copies of parents
c)
Happens very quickly
d)
Needs two parents
8.
When comparing the offspring of sexually and asexually reproducing organisms, we would expect the genetic material (DNA) of the sexually reproducing organism to -
a)
contain fewer mutations
b)
be lesser in quantity
c)
be simpler overall
d)
show more variation
9.

Body cells are also known as

a)

somatic cells

b)

gametes

c)

haploid cells

d)

sex cells

10.

n : haploid :: 2n :

a)

autosome

b)

sex chromsome

c)

double haploid

d)

diploid

11.

Which of the following is NOT a somatic cell?

a)

sperm

b)

skin cell

c)

blood cell

d)

bone cell

12.

Different alleles can lead to different phenotypes because they make different

a)

DNA

b)

proteins

c)

gametes

d)

chromososmes

13.

A dominant allele makes a protein that masks the protein made by the recessive allele- if the recessive even makes a protein. This means that

a)

all genetic disorders are dominant

b)

all genetic disorders are recessive

c)

the phenotype will always be an expression of the dominant allele

d)

all dominant alleles are mutated versions of recessive alleles

14.

Which is NOT true about alleles for the same gene?

a)

They are always found at the same location (loci) on homologous chromosomes

b)

They are always found at the same location (loci) on sister chromatids

c)

There can only be two of them within an organism

d)

There can only be two of them in a population

15.

Gregor Mendel studied pea plants and created pure breeding strains by

a)

self pollinating them

b)

cross pollinating them

16.

Gregor Mendel focused on

a)

how new alleles are formed and passed on

b)

the properties of complete and incomplete dominance

c)

the laws governing the inheritance of autosomal traits

d)

discerning the steps of meiosis in gamete formation

17.

Courage the Cowardly Dog has 74 chromosomes in his sperm cells. How many does he have in the cells of his taste buds?

a)

37

b)

148

c)

292

d)

19

18.

In Mendel's experiments, his P generation was a cross between

a)

two pure breeding plants with the same phenotypes

b)

two hybrid plants with the same phenotypes

c)

two pure breeding plants that had different phenotypes

d)

a hybrid plant that was self pollinated

19.

Mendel's F1 generation was 100%

a)

pure breeding

b)

homozygous

c)

hybrid

d)

self pollinated

20.

Homozygous can be any of the following except

a)

pure breeding

b)

hybrid

c)

HH

d)

hh

21.

A cell that has two different versions of each kind of chromosome is

a)

monoploid

b)

haploid

c)

diploid

d)

triploid

22.

The genotypic ratio for this punnet square is (B=blue, b=white)

a)

1Bb:1bb

b)

1 Blue: 1 White

c)

3 Blue: 1 White

d)

1BB:2Bb:1bb

23.

The phenotypic ratio for this punnet square is (B=blue, b=white)

a)

1Bb:1bb

b)

1 Blue: 1 White

c)

3 Blue: 1 White

d)

1BB:2Bb:1bb

24.

The pairs of letters on the outside of this punnet square represent

a)

possible parental gametes

b)

possible offspring genotypes

c)

possible parental genotypes

d)

possible parental phenotypes

25.

Gametes have

a)

duplicated chromosomes

b)

homologous chromosomes

c)

one allele per gene

d)

one chromosome per trait

26.

Which is a chromosomal mutation where a piece breaks off and never reattaches?

a)

Frameshift

b)

Point

c)

Inversion

d)

Deletion

27.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis in male mammals results in the formation of
a)
one haploid gamete
b)
three diploid gametes
c)
four diploid gametes
d)
four haploid gametes
28.

Males create gametes that

a)

always have an X

b)

always have a Y

c)

always have an X and Y

d)

can have either an X or Y

29.

A color blind female must have

a)

all color blind daughters

b)

all color blind sons

c)

half color blind sons

d)

half color blind daughters

30.

What type of mutation would NOT create a new allele?

a)

silent

b)

point

c)

missense

d)

nonsense

31.

A monohybrid cross between two heterozygotes would result in

a)

50% hybrids, 50% pure breeding dominants

b)

25% PP, 50% Pp, 25% pp

c)

50% Pp, 25% pp, 25% PP

d)

100% heterozygotes

32.

A phenotype can be

a)

red

b)

aa

c)

AA

d)

heterozygous

33.

The plants in Mendel's P generation were _________________ and their cross resulted in a F1 generation of ___________________ pea plants.

a)

pure breeding, homozygous

b)

homozygous, pure breeding

c)

homozygous, hybrid

d)

hybrid, pure breeding

34.

Mendel's F2 generation had a genotypic ratio of

a)

1:2:1

b)

1:1

c)

3:1

d)

1

35.

Mendel's F2 generation had a phenotypic ratio of

a)

3:1

b)

1:2:1

c)

1

d)

3:4

36.
What type of inheritance do two alleles have if their traits blend together? 
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
c)
Mendelian Inheritance
d)
Homozygous Inheritance
37.
a trait that is masked, wont show up first
a)
dominant trait
b)
genotype
c)
recessive trait
d)
hair color
38.
another name for homozygous
a)
dihybrid
b)
genotype
c)
hybrid
d)
purebreed
39.
another name for heterozygpous
a)
dihybrid
b)
hybrid
c)
genotype
d)
purebreed
40.
two different alleles (one cap, one lower)
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
c)
offspring
d)
none of the above
41.

The hair form gene shows incomplete dominance. Straight hair is dominant, curly hair recessive, and wavy hair is heterozygous. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson both have wavy hair. What are the phenotypic possibilities for their children? You may chose more than one answer.

a)

25% curly

b)

100% wavy

c)

25% straight

d)

50% wavy

42.

Mr. and Mrs. Canady have 8 children. Three of them have attached earlobes (recessive) like their father, and the other five have free earlobes like their mother. What are the genotypes of Mr. and Mrs. Canady? You may select more than one answer.

a)

Mr. Canady: Aa

b)

Mr. Canady: aa

c)

Mrs. Canady: Aa

d)

Mrs. Canady: AA

e)

They are both AA

43.
This is an example of ___________?
a)
Incomplete dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
44.
This is an example of ___________.
a)
 Incomplete Dominance
b)
 Codominance
45.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co dominance
46.
This is an example of ___________.
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Codominance
47.
If you cross a black chicken with a white chicken, only checkered chickens would be produced.  What kind of inheritance pattern does this follow?
a)
incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
48.
Which type of inheritance causes both traits to be expressed equally in the heterozygote?
a)
Complete Dominance
b)
Incomplete Dominance
c)
Co-Dominance
d)
Sex-linked
49.

a photograph or picture of chromosomes grouped in ordered pairs is a ______________

a)

pedigree

b)

Punnett Square

c)

Venn Diagram

d)

Karyotype

50.
Which sex chromosomes would indicate a typical human male?
a)
XX
b)
X
c)
XY
d)
XXY
51.

A normal human zygote should have _____ chromosomes inside.

a)

46

b)

23

c)

92

d)

64

52.

You are viewing a patients karyotype. You see 23 chromosomes total. There are no homologous chromosomes. Which type of cell are you viewing?

a)

Egg cell

b)

Zygote

c)

Skin cell

d)

White blood cell

53.
What is the gender of the individual whose karyotype is seen in the image?
a)
Male
b)
Female
54.

Based on the karyotype, what is the sex of this baby?

a)

Male

b)

Female

55.
Which structure is labeled as A in the diagram?
a)
Centromere
b)
Chromosome
c)
Sister chromatids
56.
A pair of identical chromosomes shown in a karyotype, one inherited from mom, and one inherited from dad are called
a)
sister chromotids
b)
centromeres
c)
homologous chromosomes
d)
autosomes
57.

If the Diploid number for carrots is 18, the haploid number is

a)

18

b)

9

c)

27

d)

36

58.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
59.
What type of gene mutation has occurred here? Normal-
AGA-TTC-ATA-GCG
Mutant-
AGA-TTC-AAT-AGC-G
a)
deletion frameshift
b)
insertion frameshift
c)
substitution
d)
nonsense
60.
A type of substitution in which no amino acids change is called 
a)
Missense
b)
Nonsense
c)
Silent
d)
Deletion
61.
Are all mutations bad?
a)
Yes
b)
No
c)
Maybe?
62.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
63.

Which type of mutation is like squeezing an extra book onto a bookshelf?

a)

insertion

b)

deletion

c)

missense

d)

nonsense

e)

duplication

64.

Which type of mutation is like replacing a book with a bookend on a bookshelf?

a)

insertion

b)

deletion

c)

missense

d)

nonsense

e)

duplication

65.

Which mutations are point mutations?

a)

insertion

b)

deletion

c)

missense

d)

nonsense

e)

duplication

66.

Which types of mutations are frameshift mutations?

a)

insertion

b)

deletion

c)

missense

d)

nonsense

e)

duplication

67.

This punnett square is for what pattern of inheritance?

a)

Complete dominance (mendelian)

b)

Incomplete Dominance

c)

Codominance

d)

Multiple Alleles

68.

This punnett square is for what pattern of inheritance?

a)

Sex-Linked

b)

Incomplete Dominance

c)

Codominance

d)

Multiple Alleles

69.

This punnett square is for what pattern of inheritance?

a)

Sex-Linked

b)

Incomplete Dominance

c)

Codominance

d)

Multiple Alleles

70.

"R" is dominant for red and "r" is recessive for white. How many offspring are red?

a)

3/4

b)

1/4

c)

2/4

d)

4/4

71.

H (curly hair) is incompletely dominant to H' (straight hair). Describe the parents' phenotypes

a)

One has wavy hair, the other has curly hair

b)

They both have wavy hair

c)

They both have straight hair

d)

One has curly hair, the other has straight hair

72.
If results of recombination do NOT follow Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment, genes are likely to be - - - 
a)
shuffled during meiosis
b)
linked
c)
inherited
d)
on separate chromosomes
73.
Which genes are most likely linked?
a)
genes 1 & 2
b)
genes 2 & 3
c)
genes 3 & 4
d)
genes 1 & 4
74.
Hemophilia is a recessive x-linked disorder.
Which genotype represents a female who is a carrier for hemophilia?
a)
XHXh
b)
XhXh
c)
XHXH
d)
XhY
75.
Hemophilia is a recessive x-linked disorder.
Which genotype represents a male with hemophilia?
a)
XHXh
b)
XhXh
c)
XHY
d)
XhY
76.
Colorblindness is a recessive x-linked disorder.
Which genotype represents a male with normal vision?
a)
XNXN
b)
XnXn
c)
XNY
d)
XnY
77.
Crossing over occurs in...
a)
Prophase 1
b)
Prophase 2
c)
Metaphase 1
d)
Metaphase 2
78.
The passing of traits from parent to offspring 
a)
Heredity 
b)
Genetics 
c)
Hybrid 
d)
Probability 
79.
Magda is a tall, 11 year old drummer. She has a scar on her right cheek. She is good at swimming. Which of her traits did Magda most likely inherit?
a)
height
b)
the scar
c)
ability to swim
d)
ability to play drums
80.

The fact that you can get an allele for height from your maternal grandfather and an allele for skin tone from your maternal grandmother is indicative of the

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Independent Assortment

c)

Random Fertilization

d)

Law of Segregation

81.
What do experts say is the most common form of Down Syndrome?
a)
Trisomy 47
b)
Trisomy 46
c)
Trisomy 21
d)
Trisomy 23
82.
Trisomy 21 means you have what?
a)
Three copies of chromosome 21
b)
Twenty one copies of chromosome 3
c)
Three omies and 21 means
d)
Two copies of chromosome 21
83.
What type of karyotype is shown here?
a)
Male with Turner Syndrome
b)
Male with Klinefelter Syndrome
c)
Female with Down Syndrome
d)
Female with Klinefelter Syndrome
84.
What's the gender and disorder?
a)
Male - Downs Syndrome
b)
Female - Downs Syndrome
c)
Male - Turner Syndrome
d)
Female - Turner Syndrome
85.
What are chromosomes 1-22 called?
a)
Autosomes
b)
Sex Chromosomes
c)
Chromotids
d)
Xenosomes
86.
Which term refers to a picture of an individual’s chromosomes, used to detect genetic conditions? 
a)
synapsis
b)
tetrad
c)
centriole
d)
karyotype
87.
What is the only condition we studied that is a monosomal disorder?
a)
Klinefelters 
b)
Down's
c)
Turners
d)
XYY
88.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
89.
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
90.
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
91.
How are individuals III-2 and II-4 related?
a)
Cousins
b)
Dad and Daughter
c)
Uncle and Niece
d)
Grandpa and Granddaughter
92.
Why do all the daughters in Generation II carry the colorblind gene?
a)
Because mom passed on the gene.
b)
Because dad passed on the X chromosome.
c)
Because their brother has it.
d)
Because their brother gave it to them.
93.
Give the genotype for person III-3
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
94.
Give the genotype for person II-1
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
95.
What is the mode of inheritance shown here?
a)
 Recessive
b)
Sex Linked
c)
 Dominant
96.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
97.
What is the mode of inheritance shown here?
a)
Autosomal Dominant
b)
Autosomal Recessive
c)
Sex Linked Recessive
98.

What is the mode of inheritance shown here?

a)

Autosomal Recessive

b)

Autosomal Dominant

c)

Sex Linked Recessive

d)

Sex Linked Dominant

99.
What are the blood types of the possible children that a woman (type O) and man (type AB) can have?
a)
O and AB
b)
O and A
c)
O and B
d)
A and B
100.
There are multiple alleles for the ABO blood group.  Why are only two of these alleles present in any one individual? 
a)
Each parent contributes only one allele for the ABO blood group to the offspring.
b)
There are not enough nucleotides in a red blood cell to produce a third allele. 
c)
Each allele in the ABO group must be dominant or recessive
d)
Blood group alleles are not segregated during meiosis. 
101.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
102.
What is the genotype of a person with type A blood, who had a father with type O blood?
a)
AB
b)
AO
c)
AA
d)
OO
103.
A man has blood type A (heterozygous) and a woman has blood type B (heterozygous). What are the possible blood types of their kids?
a)
A or B only
b)
AB only
c)
A, B, AB only
d)
A, B, AB, or O
104.
If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?
a)
sex-linked trait
b)
polygenic trait
c)
codominant trait
d)
incomplete dominance trait
105.
A personal with type AB blood has which genotype?
a)
type A
b)
AA
c)
IAIA
d)
IAIB
106.
Which term(s) best describes the inheritance of human blood types? 
a)
incomplete dominance and multiple alleles
b)
codominance and epistasis
c)
codominance and multiple alleles
d)
incomplete dominance and codominance
107.
What blood type would an individual have if this was one of the cells seen under a microscope?
a)
Type A
b)
Type B
c)
Type AB
d)
Type O
108.
Why is the gene for a disease or disorder more likely to be found on the X chromosome than Y?
a)
The X chromosome has many more genes
b)
The Y chromosome has many more genes
109.

When we say that a woman is a carrier for a genetic disease or disorder it means that

a)

she has 1 allele, but not the disorder

b)

she has 2 allele for the disorder

c)

she can pass the allele only to male children

d)

she can pass the allele only to female children

110.
Males are more likely to suffer from a sex-linked disease or disorder because
a)
males are the weaker sex
b)
males have less DNA
c)
males have 1 X chromosome, so the disorder is more likely to be expressed
111.
What type of inheritance is determined by multiple genes located at different loci on different chromosomes and there can be a range of traits?
a)
Codominance
b)
Incomplete dominance
c)
Polygenic traits
112.
How many alleles does someone have for a genotype?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
113.

Four alleles determine if a rabbit is white, brown, or gray. This is an example of _____________ ___________.

a)

polygenic traits

b)

multiple alleles

c)

codominance

114.
What pattern of inheritance is shown in this image?
a)
Codominance
b)
Incomplete dominance
c)
Polygenic traits
115.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a recessive x-linked disorder.
According to the Punnett square, what percentage of male offspring will have the disorder?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
116.

Height in humans is an example of

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

c)

multiple alleles

d)

polygenic inheritance

117.

Here are alleles in order of their dominance: T(ten fingers), T5(five fingers), T2(two fingers), T1(one finger). Which genotype would give someone five fingers?

a)

TT5

b)

TT

c)

T5T

d)

T5T2

118.

Here are alleles in order of their dominance: T(ten fingers), T5(five fingers), T2(two fingers), T1(one finger). Which genotype would give someone two fingers?

a)

TT5

b)

T2T

c)

T2T2

d)

T2T5

119.

Here are alleles in order of their dominance: T(ten fingers), T5(five fingers), T2(two fingers), T1(one finger). Which phenotype could someone with one finger have?

a)

TT1

b)

T2T1

c)

T1T1

d)

TT

120.

What type of inheritance could be shown here (choose all that apply)

a)

X linked Dominant

b)

X linked Recessive

c)

Y linked

d)

Autosomal Dominant

121.

What kind of inheritance could this NOT be?

a)

Autosomal Dominant

b)

X linked Dominant

c)

Y linked

d)

Autosomal Recessive

122.

A mother is AAbbCcDd and a father is aaBbCcDD what is the probability that their child will be AaBbCcDd?

a)

1/2

b)

1/6

c)

1/8

d)

1/12

e)

1/16

123.

A mother is AAbbCcDd and a father is aaBbCcDD what is the probability that their child will be AaBbCCDd?

a)

0

b)

1/6

c)

1/8

d)

1/12

e)

1/16

124.

A mother is AAbbCcDd and a father is aaBbCcDD what is the probability that their child will have the same phenotype as the father?

a)

1/2

b)

1/6

c)

3/8

d)

5/12

e)

0

125.

A mother is AAbbCcDd and a father is aaBbCcDD what is the probability that their child will have the same phenotype as the mother?

a)

1/2

b)

5/6

c)

3/8

d)

1/12

e)

0

126.

This is a karyotype of

a)

Turner's Syndrome

b)

Huntington's Disease

c)

Kleinfelter's Syndrome

d)

Monosomy 23

127.

Identify the phase.

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Anaphase I

c)

Prophase I

d)

Anaphase II

128.
This picture shows which process? 
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
the cell cycle
129.
What phase is represented?
a)
metaphase 1
b)
metaphase 2
c)
anaphase 1
d)
anaphase 2
130.
What phase is represented?
a)
metaphase 1
b)
metaphase 2
c)
anaphase 1
d)
anaphase 2
131.
How are your chromosomes inherited?
a)
most of your chromosomes from your mother
b)
most of your chromosomes from your father
c)
a random number of chromosomes from each parent
d)
half your chromosomes from your mother and half from your father.
132.

A chart showing all possible allele combinations for a particular genetic cross:

a)

Punnett square

b)

genotype

c)

pedigree

d)

karyotype

133.

Alleles for a genetic trait would

a)

be found on nonhomologous chromomosomes in an organism

b)

be found on the same chromosome

c)

be found at the same place on homologous chromosomes

d)

be found on chromosomes that came from the same parent

134.

Homologous chromosomes- like those represented in this karyotype- will have everything the same EXCEPT (chose all that apply)

a)

their genes

b)

their length

c)

their parent of origin

d)

their alleles

e)

their banding patterns

135.

This karyotype is showing

a)

homologous chromosomes with different banding patterns

b)

homologous chromosomes with different alleles

c)

homologous chromosomes that are duplicated

d)

homologous chromosomes in G1

136.

These chromosomes could have been taken from a

a)

gamete

b)

cell in metaphase II

c)

cell in G2

d)

Cell in G1

137.

This is an image of a

a)

translocation

b)

inversion

c)

frameshift

d)

point mutation

138.

This is an image of a

a)

duplication

b)

missense mutation

c)

inversion

d)

deletion

139.

New alleles would most likely arise from

a)

missense mutations

b)

nondisjunctions

c)

chromosomal inversions

d)

Chromosomal deletions

140.

All of the following could create new alleles of a gene except

a)

frameshift mutations

b)

nonsense mutations

c)

missense mutations

d)

the correct answer is all of these would create new versions of a gene

141.

Which of these would be most likely to result in a beneficial mutation and be the better allele

a)

chromosomal insertion

b)

nonsense mutation

c)

missense mutation

d)

point insertion

142.

What would you call the failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during meiosis?

a)

nondisjunction

b)

anaphase I

c)

nondiploidy

d)

karyotype

143.
When chromosomes fail to separate correctly during anaphase of meiosis, what can occur?
a)
extra chromosomes are found in the sex cell
b)
chromosomes of the sex cell are doubled
c)
chromosomes of the sex cell are halved
d)
meiosis never completes
144.

Chromosome mutation involving loss or gain of a chromosome in the gametes.

a)

Deletion

b)

Inversion

c)

Translocation

d)

Nondisjunction

145.

Chromosome mutation involving the repeat of a piece of chromosome.

a)

Deletion

b)

Inversion

c)

Translocation

d)

Duplication

146.

Chromosome mutation involving a segment of a chromosome breaking off and flipping before reconnecting.

a)

Deletion

b)

Inversion

c)

Translocation

d)

Duplication

147.
a)

Deletion

b)

Inversion

c)

Translocation

d)

Duplication

148.
Identify the mutation in the picture.
a)
Deletion
b)
Inversion
c)
Duplication
d)
Translocation
149.
What type of chromosomal mutation has occurred?
a)
substitution
b)
insertion
c)
deletion
d)
nondisjunction
150.

Which pair does NOT have the larger item first?

a)

deoxyribose, nucleotide

b)

genome, chromosome

c)

chromosome, gene

d)

nucleotide, phosphate