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NS: Unit One Test Review

Total questions: 130

Worksheet time: 2hrs 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The core of Earth is probably composed of

a)

silicate minerals.

b)

aluminum oxides.

c)

iron and nickel.

d)

calcium magnesium sulfate.

2.

Earth's layer with the most brittle behavior is the

a)

mantle.

b)

crust.

c)

inner core.

d)

outer core.

3.

The outer core

a)

has a plastic-like flow.

b)

spins, which produces Earth's magnetic field.

c)

is solid as a rock.

d)

transmits S-waves.

4.

The lithosphere rides on top of the asthenosphere. Lithospheric movement causes

a)

earthquakes, volcanic activity, and mountain building activity.

b)

the subduction of continental crust under oceanic crust.

c)

hot-spot activity as found in Hawaii.

d)

widespread destruction.

5.

The lithosphere includes

a)

continental and oceanic crust.

b)

the crust and the upper part of the mantle.

c)

part of the mantle and the crust.

d)

all of the above

6.

The inner core is solid because

a)

it is composed of iron and nickel.

b)

the surrounding outer layers act as a blanket to insulate the core.

c)

pressure from the weight of the surrounding layers prevents the inner core from melting.

d)

None of these, for the inner core is not solid, but liquid.

7.

The mantle is composed of

a)

iron and nickel.

b)

iron, magnesium, silicon

c)

half liquid and half rocky material.

d)

solid rock.

8.

The lithosphere floats atop the

a)

mantle.

b)

crust.

c)

asthenosphere.

d)

mohorovicic.

9.

Isostasy is

a)

the positioning of the crust in response to the buoyant force and gravity.

b)

the buoyant force exerted on the mantle by oceanic crust.

c)

the buoyant force exerted on the mantle by continental crust.

d)

the force of gravity acting on the crust.

10.

Continental crust is very buoyant compared with oceanic crust because continental crust is

a)

predominantly composed of basaltic rock that contains many air bubbles from successive lava flows.

b)

predominantly composed of granitic rocks, whereas oceanic crust is composed of basaltic rocks.

c)

thinner than the oceanic crust, forming a thin upper skin on the oceanic crust below.

d)

very young and fresh.

11.

The two most abundant elements in Earth's crust are

a)

silicates and carbonates.

b)

silicon and oxygen.

c)

oxygen and aluminum.

d)

quartz and feldspar.

12.

Based on its abundance in Earth's crust, most rocks contain a mineral composed of the elements oxygen and

a)

carbon.

b)

silicon.

c)

iron.

d)

sulfur.

13.

Color is not a reliable means for mineral identification because

a)

minerals come in a variety of colors

b)

minerals can weather and change color.

c)

a mineral's powdered color is different than its solid color.

d)

minerals are always the same color

14.

Magma that solidifies before reaching Earth's surface is called

a)

intrusive igneous rock.

b)

plutonic rock.

c)

a pluton.

d)

all of the above

15.

Magma that solidifies before reaching Earth's surface is called

a)

intrusive igneous rock.

b)

plutonic rock.

c)

a pluton.

d)

all of the above

16.

The two most common igneous rocks are basalt and granite. Basalt is commonly found ________ and granite is found ________.

a)

on the ocean floor; on the continents

b)

on both the ocean floor and continental land; only on the continents

c)

on the continents; on the ocean floor

d)

on the ocean floor; on both the ocean floor and on continental land

17.

The majority of surface rocks are

a)

extrusive.

b)

sedimentary.

c)

intrusive.

d)

metamorphic.

18.

The property many metamorphic rocks exhibit by flat or elongated mineral grains in parallel layers is called

a)

schist.

b)

cleavage.

c)

foliation.

d)

lithification.

19.

Metamorphism caused by the close proximity of a magma source is called

a)

contact metamorphism.

b)

dynamic metamorphism.

c)

regional metamorphism.

d)

none of the above

20.

Rocks altered by heat and pressure beneath Earth's surface are

a)

intrusive igneous rocks.

b)

extrusive sedimentary rocks.

c)

metamorphic rocks.

d)

igneous rocks.

21.

A sedimentary rock can turn into an igneous rock by

a)

compaction and cementation.

b)

compaction.

c)

melting and cooling.

d)

weathering and lithification.

22.

Rocks are grouped into three classes depending on how the rock was

a)

formed.

b)

located.

c)

discovered.

d)

shaped.

23.
Which type of rock results from melting and cooling of magma?
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Extrusive
24.
Which type of rock forms from extreme heat and pressure?
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Organic
d)
Metamorphic
25.
Wind, water, and ice breaking down rock is called
a)
Erosion
b)
Deposition
c)
Compaction
d)
Weathering
26.
What is the MAIN way rocks are classified?
a)
Their color and shapes
b)
How they form
c)
Mineral bands
d)
Where they form
27.
True/False: Igneous rocks can only turn into metamorphic rocks.
a)
True
b)
False
28.
The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediment together.
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
organic rock
d)
cementation
29.
When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.
a)
Compaction
b)
Cementation
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
30.

This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Oceanic

31.

This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Oceanic

32.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
Brown, Red, Gray
d)
Streak, Hardness, Breakage
33.

This rock started as lava that cooled and then was heated and put under pressure over time. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Oceanic

34.

This rock started as molten magma. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Oceanic

35.

This rock is made from tiny pieces of other rocks that settled to the bottom of a valley millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Oceanic

36.

This rock was molten magma that slowly cooled under the ground. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentar

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Oceanic

37.

This rock cooled on the outside of a volcano and contained air bubbles when it was forming. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Oceanic

38.

After lots of time, pressure, and heat, you get this kind of rock. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Oceanic

39.
Each rock type can follow only one pathway of the rock cycle.
a)
True
b)
False
40.
Fossils are often found in ____________ because it is formed from the remains of once living things.
a)
metamorphic
b)
magma
c)
igneous
d)
sedimentary
41.

This rock was formed by lots of fossils that settled on top of each other over time. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Oceanic

42.
There are two types of data. Which type of data involves numbers that are obtained by counting or measuring?
a)
quantitative
b)
qualitative
43.
In a controlled experiment, how many independent variables can be worked with at a time? 
a)
one
b)
none
c)
two or more
d)
how ever many makes sense.
44.
Which statement is an inference about this picture?
a)
The van is tan.
b)
The  van ran into KFC. 
c)
The driver was hungry. 
d)
Red and white are part of the KFC building. 
45.
When experimenting with the growth of a plant, a scientist uses three (of the same type of) plants, two different fertilizers, equal light, and equal water. What type of variable is the fertilizer?
a)
Dependent
b)
Independent
c)
Control
d)
Compound
46.
An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid; water, apple juice, or milk. Each plant has the same amount of soil, sunlight, and listens to the same music. In this investigation, what is the dependent variable?
a)
Type of plant
b)
Water, apple juice, milk
c)
Plant growth
d)
Color of the plant's leaves
47.

What conclusions can you draw from this graph?

a)

The deer population went down over time.

b)

The deer population went up over time.

c)

The dear population went up quickly, then down, but then stayed the same.

d)

There are less dear because of hunters

48.

You want to make a graph for an experiment you did about plant growth over a two week period of time. What type of graph would you use?

a)

bar graph

b)

line graph

c)

pictograph

d)

pie chart

49.
What is this graph showing you?
a)
The worlds population is staying the same.
b)
The worlds population is going down (decreasing).
c)
The worlds population was growing but now is decreasing.
d)
The worlds population has been growing and will continue to grow. 
50.
What is this graph showing you?
a)
The worlds population is staying the same.
b)
The worlds population is going down (decreasing).
c)
The worlds population was growing but now is decreasing.
d)
The worlds population has been growing and will continue to grow. 
51.

What information is NOT shown in this diagram of the solar system?

a)

the names of planets

b)

the order of the planets

c)

the path the planets travel in their orbit

d)

the distance between the planets

52.

What information could you get from this graph?

a)

how much water is on Earth

b)

the percentage of the earth that is covered in water

c)

how land is available on earth

d)

how tall the highest mountain is

53.

How many more average daily calories are needed by a 17 year old male than by a 17 year old female?

a)

300

b)

500

c)

2700

d)

3000

54.

What is the difference between the number of frogs in the pond when the rainfall was 5cm and when the rainfall was 20cm?

a)

20

b)

40

c)

50

d)

60

55.
You know that 12 inches = 1 foot.  Convert 60 inches to feet.
a)
720 feet
b)
5 feet
c)
5 inches
d)
72 feet
56.
You know 1000 mg = 1 g.  Convert 2.5 grams into milligrams.
a)
25 mg
b)
25,000 mg
c)
250 mg
d)
2500 mg
57.
A 12-ounce bottle of shampoo lasts Enrique 16 weeks. How long would you expect an 18-ounce bottle of the same brand to last him?
a)
24 Weeks
b)
24-ounce bottle
c)
10.6 Weeks
d)
10.6-ounce bottle
58.
A grading machine can grade 48 multiple-choice tests in 1 minute. How long will it take the machine to grade 300 tests?
a)
6.25 Min
b)
0.16 Tests
c)
6.25 Tests
d)
0.16 Min
59.

How many kilograms of calcium are there in 173 pounds of calcium? (1 pound = 454 grams; 1 kg = 1000 g)

a)

1.10 kg

b)

78.5 kg

c)

110 kg

d)

78500 kg

60.

In which eon were dinosaurs present?

a)

Phanerazoic

b)

Proterozoic

c)

Archean

d)

Hadean

61.

In which era do we currently live?

a)

Jurassic

b)

Paleozoic

c)

Mesozoic

d)

Cenozoic

62.

How old are the oldest known fossils on Earth?

a)

4.8 Billion Years

b)

655 Million Years

c)

20 000 Years

d)

3.7 Billion Years

63.

Earth has always been a solid mass of rock

a)

True

b)

False

64.

In which state of Australia are the Stromatolites of Shark Bay?

a)

New South Wales

b)

Northern Territory

c)

Western Australia

d)

South Australia

65.

You can tell that the oldest rocks are at the bottom of an undisturbed rock sequence by using the principle of uniformitarianism

a)

uniformitarianism

b)

original horizontality

c)

superposition

d)

cross-cutting relationships

66.

In an undistrubed rock sequence, the youngest rock layer is located

a)

at the bottom of the sequence

b)

at the top of the sequence

c)

below the sedimentary rock layer

d)

below the unconformity

67.

The earth is ______________of years old

a)

Hundreds

b)

Millions

c)

Billions

d)

Trillions

68.

What era did the formation of the earth occur?

a)

Paleozoic

b)

Precambrian

c)

Cenozoic

d)

Cambrian

69.

How old do Paleontologists believe the Earth is?

a)

2019 years old

b)

3.6 billion years old

c)

4.6 billion years old

d)

4.6 million years old

70.

What type of event usually marks the end of an Era

a)

A Mass Extinction

b)

A Quinceanera

c)

An earthquake

d)

A Volcanic Eruption

71.

What era did trilobites, fishes, and other marine organisms dominate?

a)

Precambrian

b)

Paleozoic

c)

Mesozoic

d)

Cenozoic

72.

Scientists chose where units of geologic time began and ended based on the appearance or disappearance of life.

a)

true

b)

false

73.
Which of the following is NOT one of the 5 characteristics of minerals?
a)
Naturally Occurring
b)
Organic Processes 
c)
Definite Chemical Composition
d)
Solid
74.
How many characteristics does an object have to have to be considered a mineral?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
5
75.
What does the Mohs Scale measure?
a)
Streak
b)
Luster
c)
Hardness
d)
Cleavage
76.
________________ describes how light reflects off a mineral.
a)
Luster
b)
Hardness
c)
Fracture
d)
Color
77.
Which of the following is an example of luster?
a)
Soft
b)
White
c)
Metallic
d)
Hard
78.
_____________________ means that the mineral was formed by nature, not by a human or machine
a)
Naturally Occurring
b)
Inorganic Processes
c)
Solid
d)
Crystal Shape
79.
What does inorganic mean?
a)
Something that is living
b)
Something that is dead, but was once living
c)
Something that was never living
80.
Flat sides and sharp edges with patterns that repeat over and over again
a)
Crystal Shape
b)
Inorganic Processes
c)
Definite Chemical Composition
d)
Solid
81.
What does Definite Chemical Composition means?
a)
Random elements in indefinite proportions
b)
Elements spread throughout the entire mineral evenly
c)
Elements spread out the entire mineral unevenly
82.
When a mineral breaks smoothly and evenly.
a)
Luster
b)
Cleavage
c)
Hardness
d)
Fracture
83.
When a mineral breaks in an uneven, rough, or jagged way
a)
Luster
b)
Cleavage
c)
Hardness
d)
Fracture
84.
Rubbing a mineral on a streak plate determines the color of the mineral's _____________
a)
Surface
b)
Interior
c)
Powder
d)
Crystals
85.
Which of the following is NOT a way to identify a mineral?
a)
Luster
b)
Hardness
c)
Heaviness
d)
Density
86.
What is the hardest mineral on the Moh's Hardness Scale?
a)
Talc
b)
Gypsum
c)
Diamond
d)
Calcite
87.
What are the two most useful tests when identifying a mineral
a)
streak and color
b)
color and luster
c)
cleavage and fracture
d)
streak and hardness
88.
What is the LEAST useful way to identify a mineral?
a)
luster
b)
streak
c)
color
d)
density
89.
You live, breathe, and eat on this layer.
a)
Outer Core
b)
Inner Core
c)
Mantle
d)
Crust
90.

What are the two types of crust?

a)

Continental and Landforms

b)

Oceanic and Mountains

c)

Mountains and Landforms

d)

Oceanic and Continental

91.
How are scientist able to estimate the thickness of each layer of the Earth?By studying __________
a)
 radio waves
b)
sonar waves
c)
laser waves
d)
seismic waves
92.

This layer contains most of Earth's mass. (NOTE: This does not mean it is the most dense!)

a)

Inner Core

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Crust

93.
Which layer(s) of the Earth make up the asthenosphere?
a)
Part of the upper mantle
b)
Crust, mantle, Core
c)
Crust and upper mantle
d)
Only the crust
94.
Why is the inner core made of solid metal?
a)
Because it is so hot it turns from liquid to solid
b)
Because of the weight of the crust
c)
Because of it's temperature
d)
Because of the pressure of the other layers beating down on it
95.
Which layer is considered the thinnest layer?
a)
Mesosphere
b)
Core
c)
Mantle
d)
Crust
96.
This layer is divided into pieces called tectonic plates.
a)
Mesosphere
b)
Asthenosphere
c)
Mantle
d)
Lithosphere
97.
This is the plastic layer of the mantle on which pieces of the lithosphere move.
a)
Lithosphere
b)
Asthenosphere
c)
Mesosphere
d)
Crust
98.
What is the hottest layer?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Core
99.

Which compositional layer is represented by the yellow layer?

a)

inner core

b)

outer core

c)

mantle

d)

crust

100.
Identify layer  #20.
a)
mantle
b)
pizza crust
c)
inner core
d)
outer core
101.
Which Layer is considered the coolest layer?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Inner Core
d)
Outer Core
102.
Scientists think that convection currents that move the plates flow in Earth's _____.
a)
continental crust
b)
oceanic crust
c)
asthenosphere
d)
lithosphere
103.
Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's plates is caused by _____.
a)
Earth's magnetic field
b)
conduction
c)
earthquakes
d)
convection currents in the mantle
104.
Which layer does the lithosphere (the outer most layer and the crust) float on top of?
a)
the crust
b)
lithosphere
c)
asthenosphere
d)
outer core
105.
What observation can we make about Earth’s lithosphere and asthenosphere?
a)
The asthenosphere floats on top of the lithosphere.
b)
The crust and the core make up the lithosphere.
c)
The crust and mantle make up the asthenosphere. 
d)
The lithosphere floats on top of the asthenosphere.
106.
This rock formed when bits of other rocks became pressed into a solid. What type of rock is it?
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
107.
This rock was formed when magma cooled very slowly inside the Earth. What specific type of rock is it?
a)
Intrusive Igneous Rock
b)
Extrusive Igneous Rock
c)
Foliated Metamorphic Rock
d)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock
108.
This rock formed when lava cooled very quickly on Earth's surface. What specific type of rock is it?
a)
Extrusive Igneous Rock
b)
Intrusive Igneous Rock
c)
Non-Foliated Metamorphic Rock
d)
Biochemical Sedimentary Rock
109.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
Brown, Red, Gray
d)
Streak, Hardness, Breakage
110.
Two ways to describe types of igneous rocks are _____
a)
Extrusive and Intrusive
b)
Foliated and Non-Foliated
c)
Clastic and Biochemical
d)
Black and Gray
111.
What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b)
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
c)
Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
d)
Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
112.
Which of the words below describe broken up rock?
a)
stalactites
b)
magmas
c)
metamorphs
d)
sediments
113.
This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
114.
When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.
a)
Compaction
b)
Cementation
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
115.
The process in which sediment are fused or glued together.
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
organic rock
d)
cementation
116.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
d)
deposition
117.
Which type of rock forms from extreme heat and pressure?
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Organic
d)
Metamorphic
118.
Which type of rock results from melting and cooling of magma?
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Extrusive
119.
A metamorphic rock changes into an igneous rock by what two processes?
a)
Melting and cooling
b)
Extreme heat and pressure
c)
Compaction and cementation
d)
Weathering and erosion
120.
True/False: Igneous rocks can only turn into metamorphic rocks.
a)
True
b)
False
121.
The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediment together.
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
organic rock
d)
cementation
122.
Cooling & crystalization produce
a)
igneous rocks
b)
metamorphic rocks
c)
sedimentary rocks
123.
Which type of metamorphic rock has minerals in bands or stripes?
a)
Nonfoliated
b)
Coarse grained
c)
Fine grained
d)
Foliated
124.
What type of texture does a SLOWLY cooling, intrusive igneous rock have?
a)
Foliated
b)
Nonfoliated
c)
Coarse grained
d)
Fine grained
125.
Lava which cools on Earth's surface forms an
a)
metamorphic rock
b)
intrusive igneous rock
c)
extrusive igneous rock
d)
foliated metamorphic rock
126.
Magma cooling and hardening below Earth's surface forms an
a)
Intrusive igneous rock
b)
Extrusive igneous rock
c)
Foliated metamorphic rock
d)
Organic sedimentary rock
127.
Sediment being moved from one area to another is called
a)
erosion
b)
deposition
c)
weathering
d)
compaction
128.
The chemical makeup of a rock
a)
Composition
b)
Texture
c)
Minerals
d)
Organic matter
129.
True/False: A decrease in temperature would cause magma to form.
a)
True
b)
False
130.
What mineral would we want to use to make powders?
a)
Diamond
b)
Gypsum
c)
Talc
d)
Quartz

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F23 Earth Science Course Quiz

134 questions

F23 Earth Science Course Quiz

quiz

Worksheet

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9th Grade