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WorksheetsBiology 2nd Semester Final Review
Total questions: 69
Worksheet time: 1hrs 19mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
2.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
3.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
4.
Replicate the following strand of DNA:
AATCATGGA
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
5.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
6.
Which process is used to make mRNA from the DNA in the nucleus?
a)
transcription
b)
translation
c)
replication
7.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription?
a)
AUGCUU
b)
ATGCTT
c)
GCATCC
d)
GCAUCC
8.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
9.
One difference between DNA and RNA is that....
a)
Only RNA has the base Uracil
b)
only RNA contains the base Thymine
c)
only RNA contains the base Cytocine
d)
only RNA contained the base Guanine
10.
A triplet of mRNA is called a
a)
codon
b)
anticodon
c)
amino acid
d)
peptide bond
11.
_______ is made during transcription and ________ is made during translation.
a)
mRNA / a protein
b)
a protein / mRNA
c)
Ribosome / Nucleus
d)
mRNA / tRNA
12.
In comparison to a DNA strand, a
a)
mRNA strand is shorter and single stranded
b)
mRNA strand is longer and single stranded
c)
mRNA strand is shorter and double stranded
d)
mRNA strand is longer and double stranded
13.
If the percentage of DNA is made of 30% Thymine, what is the correct percentage of Guanine?
a)
30
b)
15
c)
20
d)
60
14.
Mutations are...
a)
Changes in the sequence of DNA
b)
Broken chromosomes
c)
Bad genes
15.
Original: ATC CAT
Mutation: ATC GCAT
What mutation occurred?
Mutation: ATC GCAT
What mutation occurred?
a)
deletion
b)
insertion
c)
silent
d)
transverse
16.
Gene: ABC
New Gene: BBC
What mutation
New Gene: BBC
What mutation
a)
deletion
b)
insertion
c)
substitution
d)
transversion
17.
Which of the following best describes how genes influence an organism's traits?
a)
Genes control the production of proteins, which affect the organism's traits.
b)
DNA controls the production of lipids, which determine the organism's traits.
c)
Carbohydrates control the production of genes, which affects the organism's traits.
d)
Genes control the development of sister centrioles, which determine the organism's traits.
18.
The first stage of the cell cycle during which the cell matures and prepares to divide and copies its DNA; The stage the cell stays in the most
a)
interphase
b)
prophase
c)
metaphase
d)
anaphase
19.
Contains the genetic material and serves as the control center of the cell
a)
nuclear membrane
b)
spindle fibers
c)
nucleus
d)
telophase
20.
Put the stages of mitosis in the correct order.
a)
prophase - metaphase - anaphase - telophase
b)
metaphase - anaphase - prophase - telophase
c)
anaphase - prophase - telophase - metaphase
d)
telophase - metaphase - prophase - anaphase
21.
During which stage of the cell cycle does the cell spend a majority of its time?
a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
c)
Metaphase
d)
Cytokinesis
22.
Which of the following describes the purpose of the mitosis cell cycle?
a)
To make more of the same cells.
b)
For growth and repair.
c)
To prevent the cell from becoming too large.
d)
All of the above.
23.
What is the result of mitosis?
a)
1 cell
b)
2 genetically identical cells
c)
2 genetically different cells
d)
4 genetically identical cells
24.
What causes genetic variation in meiosis?
a)
chromosomes lining up
b)
crossing over of chromosomes
c)
separation of chromosomes
d)
chromosomes pulling apart
25.
Crossing over creates
a)
male genotype
b)
genetic variation (differences)
c)
DNA replication
d)
mitosis
26.
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
a)
It is carried out in all tissues theat require cell replacement
b)
It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of an organism
c)
It happens in all of the tissues except the brain and spinal cord
d)
It is the first stage of mitosis
27.
How many daughter cells does Meiosis create?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
8
d)
1
28.
This image shows chromosomes during Prophase 1. Which of the following correctly describes the process shown?
a)
segregation of sister chromatids
b)
condensation and segregation of alleles
c)
mutationin which the DNA content of the gene is altered
d)
crossing - over in which alleles are exchanged
29.
Which of the following statements correctly describes meiosis?
a)
Meiosis does not occur in reproductive cells.
b)
The cells produced at the end are identical
c)
the cells produced at the end contain half the # of chromosomes
d)
cells divide only once during meiosis
30.
Based only on the sex chromosomes in a human egg and sperm cells at fertilization, the probability of producing a female is
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
90%
31.
The function of _____ is to transport amino acids in the cytoplasm to the ribosome.
a)
rRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
DNA
32.
The function of ______ is to combine with proteins to form ribosomes.
a)
rRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
DNA
33.
In proteins, the amino acid order is determined by
a)
nitrogenous bases in RNA
b)
random placement
c)
nitrogenous bases in DNA
d)
there is no order
34.
This molecule carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
a)
rRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
DNA
35.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
rr
b)
R
c)
RR
d)
RR or Rr
36.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
37.
What is the phenotype of the offspring? (A-Brown hair; a-blond hair)
a)
50 % Brown Hair and 50% Blond Hair
b)
25 % Brown Hair and 75% Blond Hair
c)
75 % Brown Hair and 25% Blond Hair
d)
0% Brown Hair and 100% Blond Hair
38.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
39.
What ratio of the offspring from the cross shown will be homozygous recessive for the trait of tallness?
a)
0 in 4
b)
1 in 4
c)
2 in 4
d)
4 in 4
40.
What is the gender of the individual whose karyotype is seen in the image?
a)
Male
b)
Female
41.
Chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
a)
Chromosome
b)
Autosome
c)
Sex Chromosome
d)
Homologous pair
42.
If two parents are heterozygous for type A blood, what is the probability that their offspring would have type O blood?
a)
100 %
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
43.
If a father is AA and a mother is AB, what is the probability for a child with AB blood?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
44.
What type of "square" helps us solve genetic problems?
a)
carpenter square
b)
Mendel square
c)
Punnett square
d)
genetic square
45.
TT,tt,PP,pp,SS,ss are examples of alleles that are?
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
c)
different
d)
homologous
46.
Y for yellow body is dominant over y for blue body. What alleles would produce yellow bodies?
a)
YY,yy
b)
Yy,yy
c)
YY only
d)
YY,Yy
47.
A physical characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring.
a)
behavior
b)
trait
c)
strong muscles
d)
ability to fly a plane.
48.
Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?
a)
individual
b)
population
c)
species
d)
fossil
49.
Mutations are important because they bring about
a)
death of the organism in which they develop
b)
genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
c)
benefits for the individual, not for the population
d)
Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population
50.
Extinction can occur because of which of the following?
a)
All can be causes of extinction.
b)
Increased competition with other species
c)
New predators within the environment
d)
Loss of habitat and/or catastrophes
51.
Finches on the Galapagos Islands had different beaks in order to help them do what?
a)
Build nests
b)
Fight off predators
c)
Collect food sources
d)
Compete with rivals
52.
This scientist came up with the idea of natural selection.
a)
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
b)
Gregor Mendel
c)
Charles Darwin
d)
Thomas Malthus
53.
A remnant or trace of an organism from the past is called a _______.
a)
Ancestor
b)
Skeleton
c)
Fossil
d)
Imprints
54.
Inherited trait that helps an organism survive is a(n) __________.
a)
Fossil
b)
Adaptation
c)
Ancestor
d)
Natural selection
55.
Survival of the fittest or when favorable adaptations reproduce faster is called what?
a)
Evolution
b)
Adaptation
c)
Natural selection
d)
Fossilization
56.
If species A and B have very similar genes and proteins, what is probably TRUE?
a)
species A and B share a relatively recent common ancestor
b)
species A evolved independently of species B for a long period
c)
species A is younger than species B
d)
species A is older than species B
57.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
58.
Darwin's theory of evolution is supported by his idea on...
a)
natural selection and adaptation
b)
natural living animals like fossils
c)
chickens have the same amount of genes
59.
The white feathers of a snowy owl allow it to blend in with its environment during the winter months (snow). This is an example of ________________
a)
Species
b)
Environmental Change
c)
Adaptation
d)
Variation
60.
The DNA of an advanced species of grasshoppers contains---
a)
New types of bases, all formed from mutations in a primitive species of algae
b)
Different bases than the DNA of a primitive species of algae
c)
The same bases as the DNA of a primitive species of algae
61.
The table shows the survival rate of two types of beetles in the same environment over a period of three years.
Which statement about the beetles in this environment is best supported by the data?
Which statement about the beetles in this environment is best supported by the data?
a)
Brown beetles have a shorter life cycle than green beetles have
b)
Green beetles are more fit for their environment than brown beetles
c)
brown beetles are undergo more unfavorable mutations than green beetles
62.
According to this data, the unknown bacterial species is most closely related to:
a)
Species I
b)
Species II
c)
Species III
d)
Species IV
63.
Certain insects resemble (look like) the bark of the trees on which they live. Which statement provides the best explanation for this resemblance? (Peppered Moths)
a)
The trees caused mutations in the insects
b)
Natural selection played a role in this protective coloration
c)
The insect camouflage so they developed this coloration
64.
In a pedigree, what shape represents a male?
a)
circle
b)
square
c)
triangle
d)
diamond
65.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
66.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
67.
If this pedigree shows a recessive disorder, what MUST the genotype of individual 4 be?
a)
HH
b)
Hh
c)
hh
68.
Which of the following could be the genotype of a carrier?
a)
BB
b)
Hh
c)
tt
d)
DD
69.
This trait is recessive. What is the genotype for person II-1?
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
can't be determined
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