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Basic Ecology Test 2019

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
If you increased the amount of grass what would happen to the other species in the food web?
a)
All populations would decrease
b)
All populations would increase
c)
No change in population
d)
Only rabbits, mouse, and grasshopper populations would increase
2.
A tick sucking blood from a human... YUMMMY!!
a)
Commensalism
b)
Parasitism
c)
Mutualism
d)
Density-dependent
3.

Zebras and gazelle eating grass in a savannah is an example of...

a)

Interspecfic competition

b)

Intraspecific competition

c)

Density-independent

d)

Density-dependent

4.

A ____ is an animal's special home in an ecosystem.

a)

habitat

b)

ecosystem

c)

web

5.

Animals' habitats, including both living and nonliving things, make up _____.

a)

food chains

b)

ecosystems

c)

food webs

6.

In a food chain, producers ___ their own food.

a)

make

b)

eat

c)

kill

7.

In a food chain, consumers ___ producers and often other consumers for food.

a)

eat

b)

create

c)

buy

8.

Beetles and worms break down dead animals and plants and return nutrients to the earth; they are examples of ____.

a)

decomposers

b)

producers

c)

consumers

9.

A food ____ is a series of overlapping food chains.

a)

chain

b)

pyramid

c)

web

10.

The producer in this food chain is the ____.

a)

plant

b)

mouse

c)

boar

11.

The consumers in this food chain are the (pick three) ____.

a)

plant

b)

mouse

c)

boar

d)

wolf

12.

The decomposer in this image is ____.

a)

plant

b)

mouse

c)

wolf

d)

worms

13.

Certain organisms, or living things, exist in certain habitats because they have adapted to that environment.

a)

True

b)

False

14.

What are two ways that humans have changed ecosystems? (pick two)

a)

air & water pollution

b)

volcanoes

c)

earthquakes

d)

clearing forests for development

15.

Ecology studies

a)

Interactions between Biotic organisms

b)

Interactions between Abiotic organisms

c)

The interactions in different environments

d)

The interaction between biotic factors and abiotic factors

16.

Populations

a)

A group of organisms of the different species

b)

A group of organisms of the same species

17.

community

a)

a group of organisms of one species living in the same place

b)

all the otters in river

c)

a group of populations living in the same place

18.

Habitat is

a)

a physical space where living organisms live (biome)

b)

a group of homes

c)

a creatures role in a ecosystem (job)

d)

the biosphere

19.

niche is

a)

the place of an organisms in its habitat

b)

an organisms in its habitat

c)

the habitat

d)

the roleof an organisms in its habitat (their "job")

20.

omnivorous

a)

feed on plants

b)

feed on animals

c)

feed on plants and animals

d)

feed on mammals

21.

What is trophic level?

a)

the bottom of a lake

b)

the food chain

c)

the place an organisms occupy in the food chain

d)

the amount of run-off water in an ecosystem

22.

Which is the trophic level of producers?

a)

3

b)

4

c)

2

d)

1

23.

Which is the trophic level of the second consumer?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

24.

What is the first sources of energy that enters the ecosystems?

a)

kinetic energy

b)

chemical energy

c)

sunlight

d)

nuclear energy

25.

In which order do organisms occur in the food chain?

a)

carnivore → herbivore → producer

b)

herbivore → carnivore → producer

c)

producer → carnivore → herbivore

d)

producer → herbivore → carnivore

26.

Which of these is a population?

1 all the insects in a rainforest

2 all the tigers in a rainforest

3 all the kapok trees in a rainforest

a)

1,2, and 3

b)

1 only

c)

1 and 2 only

d)

2 and 3 only

27.
One additional biotic factor needed to make a stable ecosystem is the presence of
a)
Water
b)
Oxygen
c)
Decomposers
d)
Soil
28.
What would most likely happen in an ecosystem if all of the predators were removed?
a)
Prey populations would stay the same.
b)
Prey populations would increase.
c)
No new predators would move into the area
d)
Prey population would increase because of emmigration
29.
Which statement best explains the biologists' reasons for removing pythons from the Everglades?
a)
The pythons could upset the territorial boundaries of native organisms.
b)
The pythons could adapt to overcome diseases common to native snakes
c)
The pythons could prey on native organisms and cause native population to decline.
d)
The pythons could begin to interbreed with native snakes and produce a more successful species.
30.

Which branch of biology deals with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment?

a)

Ecology

b)

Hydrology

c)

Astrology

d)

Geology

31.

The biosphere is...

a)

the combined portions of Earth in which all living things exist.

b)

all of the living things in a community.

c)

the gases in the atmosphere.

d)

all of the abiotic factors in an ecosystem.

32.

Which of these involves the simplest grouping of multiple organisms?

a)

Community

b)

Population

c)

Ecosystem

d)

Species

33.

Species make up ___________, which make up _____________.

a)

populations ; communities

b)

communities ; populations

c)

ecosystems ; communities

d)

populations ; ecosystems

34.

Which of these is a producer?

a)

Grass

b)

Coyotes

c)

Elephant

d)

Human

35.

Which of these is a producer?

a)

Algae

b)

Zooplankton

c)

Small Fish

d)

Squid

e)

Shark

36.

Which of these produces its own food supply?

a)

Autotroph

b)

Heterotroph

c)

Consumer

d)

Detritovore

37.

What is shown here?

a)

Food Web

b)

Food Chain

c)

Competition Chart

d)

Decomposers

38.

If you are an animal that eat both producers and consumers you are a(n)....

a)

omnivore.

b)

herbivore.

c)

chemotroph.

d)

autotroph.

39.

If you eat living things, then you are a...

a)

carnivore.

b)

herbivore.

c)

producer.

d)

all choices are correct

40.

Consumers...

a)

eat other things to get its energy.

b)

get its energy from the sun directly.

c)

are the same things as autotrophs.

d)

are known as producers.

41.
Ecology is.......
a)
Organisms and their environment
b)
Medical research
c)
Electricity
d)
Astronomy
42.
Diversity....or Biodiversity...
a)
The number of plants an animal eats
b)
The type of food an organism eats
c)
The way an organism reproduces
d)
The number of different species in an area
43.
The nonliving aspects of an ecosystem.
a)
Abiotic factors
b)
Biotic factors
44.
The living portions of the ecosystem.
a)
Biotic factors
b)
Abiotic factors
45.
Which level will contain plants?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
46.
symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit
a)
competition
b)
Mutualism
c)
nitrogen fixation
d)
energy pyramid
47.
 A barnacle living on a whales skin..the whale is not harmed or affected
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
48.
An organism that lives by breaking apart dead organic matter into simpler parts is...
a)
scavenger
b)
consumer
c)
decomposer
d)
carnivore
49.
Autotrophs make up the _______ level in all ecosystems.
a)
First
b)
Second
c)
Third
d)
Fourth
50.
Which ecosystem contains both fresh and salt water?
a)
intertidal area
b)
coral reef
c)
estuary
d)
Sargasso Sea
51.
Water temperature would be an example of ...
a)
A biotic factor
b)
An abiotic factor
52.
Parrotfish are herbivores that are found in coral reefs. To escape predation, a parrotfish will graze with a rabbitfish, which has venomous spines at the end of its pelvic fins. The rabbitfish does not benefit from this relationship. Which type of relationship do the parrotfish and the rabbitfish have in the coral-reef environment?
a)
Commensal
b)
Mutualistic
c)
Predator-prey
d)
Parasitic
53.
a)
Producers
b)
Decomposers
c)
Omnivores
d)
Predators
54.
one organism kills and eats another
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
55.
both organisms need the same resources
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
competition
d)
predation
56.
What are organisms living on, near, or in the sediment of lakes called?
a)
Nektonic
b)
Planktonic
c)
Limnetic
d)
 Benthic
57.
This lake zone suffers from a lack of light and has limited photosynthesis:
a)
Littoral
b)
Benthic
c)
Profundal
d)
Limnetic
58.
Where would you find cattails and reeds?
a)
Limnetic zone
b)
Littoral zone
c)
Profundal zone
d)
Benthic zone
59.
Which zone contains the most life in a lake or pond?
a)
Littoral zone around the shoreline
b)
Profundal zone in the deep and dark
c)
Benthic zone in the sediment
d)
Limnetic zone in the open lake as far as light reaches
60.
Which is NOT a freshwater ecosystem?
a)
a river
b)
a lake 
c)
an estuary
d)
a stream
61.
phytoplankton are
a)
tiny autotrophic organisms in water
b)
large plants 
c)
tiny heterotrophic organisms in water
d)
large animals
62.

What are the three major types of aquatic ecosystems?

a)

Rivers, Lakes, and Ponds

b)

Marine, Freshwater, and Estuaries

c)

Coral reefs, Oceans, and the Sea

d)

There are only freshwater ecosystems

63.
The zone that exists in by the shore; sunlit water 
a)
tropical
b)
littoral
c)
benthic
d)
eutrophic
64.
What does it mean that water communities are high in biodiversity?
a)
That there are lots of different types of life
b)
That there are lots of changes
c)
That there are many different types of water
d)
That there are lots of different types of bacteria
65.
An ecosystem where water covers the soil or water is near the surface of the soil is called
a)
a desert
b)
an ocean
c)
an estuary
d)
a wetland
66.
Estuaries form where 
a)
a lake evaporates
b)
a river meets the sea
c)
a river becomes dammed
d)
a wetland becomes filled in
67.
What is turbidity a measure of?
a)
Photosynthesis in water.
b)
Change in biological activity.
c)
Cloudiness of water.
d)
Solubility of atmospheric gases in water.
68.

What is an aquatic ecosystem?

a)

An aquatic ecosystem includes any water environment and the community of organisms that live there

b)

An aquatic ecosystem includes any land environment and the community of organisms that live there.

69.

Select all of the Abiotic factors below

a)

water temperature

b)

all the plants in the ecosystem

c)

salinity (salt level)

d)

amount of light

e)

pH levels

70.

A(n) ________________ is an area of land that is covered or saturated with water for at least part of the year. Bogs, marshes, and swamps are all examples of this kind of land.

a)

Marine ecosystems

b)

Freshwater ecosystems

c)

Wetlands

71.

Water ecosystem that moves fast or flows.

a)

Lotic

b)

Lentic

72.

Water ecosystems that are still and do not flow.

a)

Lentic

b)

Lotic

73.

When the same species compete with each other for food and resources

a)

Intraspecific competition

b)

Interspecific competition

74.

The term for toxins geometrically increasing by trophic level thus concentrating the toxins in the apex predators.

a)

Biomagnification

b)

Entropy

c)

pollution

75.

Animals capable of swimming against flow of water

a)

benthic

b)

plankton

c)

nekton

d)

abyss

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