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Worksheetsbiology 2019 revision
Total questions: 151
Worksheet time: 3hrs 26mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is another term for "selectively permeable"?
a)
porous
b)
completely permeable
c)
permanent
d)
semipermeable
2.
Most of the cell membrane is made of...
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic acids
3.
What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
proteins
c)
hydrophilic heads
d)
lipids
4.
Which of the following is NOT part of the cell membrane?
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
5.
Which of the following is responsible for getting large or charged (polar) molecules across the cell membrane?
a)
E
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
6.
The _____ in the plasma membrane prevents the fatty acids tails from sticking together.
a)
carbohydrate chains
b)
cholesterol
c)
proteins
d)
lipids
7.
Protein...
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
8.
The function of the plasma membrane is....
a)
to regulate what enters and leaves the cell.
b)
fight bacteria and viruses that enter the cell.
c)
provide rigid support and protection to the cell.
d)
make sure each cell can move
9.
Hydrophilic portion of cell membrane?
a)
A
b)
C
c)
D
d)
E
10.
Hydrophobic region of the cell membrane?
a)
E
b)
B
c)
C
d)
A
11.
Hydrophobic means...
a)
water-loving
b)
water-fearing
c)
nonpolar
d)
lipid soluble
12.
Which molecule is too large to cross the cell membrane?
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
sodium ions
c)
amino acids
d)
DNA
13.
Has membrane bound organelles
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
14.
One example of a prokaryote is a...
a)
fungus
b)
bacteria
c)
animal
d)
plant
15.
Which of the following provide evidence for the hypothesis that prokaryotes evolved before eukaryotes.
a)
prokaryotes are more complex
b)
prokaryotes have no nucleus and fewer genes
c)
eukaryotes are multicellular which makes them simpler
d)
prokaryotes grow into eukaryotes
16.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
17.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
18.
Where is the DNA found in a eukaryotic cell?
a)
floating around in the cytoplasm
b)
in the nucleus
19.
Which has a chloroplast?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Plant Cell
c)
Animal Cell
20.
Smaller
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
21.
Has cell membrane
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
22.
Has nucleus
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
23.
How can surface area (SA) be increased?
a)
Grow larger
b)
Divide into smaller pieces
24.
For cells to stay alive they require what type of SA:V?
a)
Large SA, Large V
b)
Small SA, Large V
c)
Large SA, Small V
d)
Small SA, Small V
25.
High Surface area to volume ratio allows cells to do what quickly?
a)
Move materials around inside the cell
b)
Move materials in and out of the cell
c)
Communicate to other cells
d)
Divide
26.
This image shows how materials move into various sized cells in a given amount of time.... why does one square cell have more pink coloring than the others?
a)
The surface area was too larger to get through
b)
The volume of the other cells was too large for the dye to get through
c)
There was not enough surface area for the dye to get through
d)
The volume was too low for the dye to stay in the square
27.
Microvilli are tiny projections that extend off the cell to increase the Surface Area. What purpose might that serve?
a)
Increased absorption
b)
Better communication among cells
c)
Maintain homeostasis
d)
Decreased oxygen use
28.
Which type of transport requires an input of energy?
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Osmosis
c)
Simple Diffusion
d)
Active Transport
29.
Which form of active transport is being shown?
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Protein Pumps
30.
Which is NOT a form of active transport?
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Osmosis
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Pinocytosis
31.
When cells take in food particles through active transport, what is it called?
a)
Pinocytosis
b)
Phagocytosis
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Osmosis
32.
Which form of active transport is being shown?
a)
Pinocytosis
b)
Endocytosis
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Osmosis
33.
Which does NOT require energy to occur?
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Exocytosis
34.
What are 3 types of active transport?
a)
Riding a bike, Running through the mountains, walking on the beach
b)
Osmosis, Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion
c)
Sodium/potassium Pump, Endocytosis, Exocytosis
d)
Throwing a ball, Playing tennis, driving a car
35.
The sodium potassium pump usually pumps
a)
potassium out of the cell
b)
sodium out of the cell
c)
sodium into the cell
d)
both potassium and sodium into the cell
36.
Diffusion with the help of transport proteins is called
a)
phagocytosis
b)
Na-K Pump
c)
Facilitated Diffusion
d)
Active Transport
37.
Movement of molecules "up" or "against" the concentration gradient (meaning low to high) is called
a)
passive transport
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
facilitated diffusion
38.
Movement of any particle "down" or "with" the concentration gradient is called
a)
diffusion
b)
endocytosis
c)
exocytosis
d)
active transport
39.
Type of transport that requires ATP is called
a)
passive transport
b)
active transport
40.
Fusion of membrane-bound vesicle with membrane and dumping contents outside cell is known as
a)
endocytosis
b)
diffusion
c)
osmosis
d)
exocytosis
41.
Aquaporins are involved in which type of transport?
a)
active transport
b)
facilitated diffusion
c)
phagocytosis
d)
simple diffusion
42.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
43.
Each enzyme only has 1 substrate that will fit its active site. What is this called?
a)
reusablility
b)
denaturation
c)
specificity
d)
fragility
44.
With what 3 letters do enzymes typically end?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
45.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
46.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
47.
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
a)
Coenzyme
b)
Substrate
c)
Vitamin
d)
Polypeptide
48.
In the diagram, what is letter A?
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
49.
Enzymes are...
a)
nucleic acids
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
50.
An enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction in the cell but can only be used once. True or False?
a)
true
b)
false
51.
What is the function of an enzyme?
a)
enzymes break themselves into small pieces
b)
enzymes slow down chemical reactions
c)
enzymes speed up chemical reactions
d)
enzymes combine products to form reactants
52.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
53.
Which of these is most likely an enzyme?
a)
Sucrose
b)
Galactose
c)
Fructose
d)
Amylase
54.
Enzymes speed up reaction rates by changing...
a)
Activation Energy
b)
pH
c)
Hydrogen Bonds
d)
Kinetic Energy
55.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
56.
Letter B...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
57.
Which organelle performs PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
58.
What is the ultimate ORIGINAL source of energy for living things
a)
Sugar
b)
Sun
c)
Moon
d)
Carbon Dioxide
59.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
water and carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen and glucose
c)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen and water
60.
What is the pigment in chloroplasts that performs photosynthesis?
a)
Chlorosynthesis
b)
Chlorophyll
c)
ADP
d)
Electron Transport
61.
What is the function of NADPH and ATP?
a)
They absorb light
b)
They power the light-dependent reactions
c)
They are light-reflecting pigments
d)
They are short term energy carriers
62.
After photosynthesis, plants store their energy as _________ .
a)
chlorophyll
b)
pigment
c)
glucose (sugar)
d)
Oxygen
63.
What gas goes into the plant before photosynthesis?
a)
Carbon Dioxide
b)
Carbon Monoxide
c)
Oxygen
d)
Nitrogen
64.
What are the two products of the light reactions that are needed for the calvin cycle?
a)
NAD and NADPH
b)
NADP + and Glucose
c)
NADPH and ATP
d)
Oxygen and NADPH
65.
What is the main chemical compound that stores and releases energy?
a)
ATP
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
PTP
d)
Oxygen
66.
What do plants need for the photosynthesis process?
a)
a camera and tripod
b)
light, carbon dioxide, and water
c)
roots, flowers, and bees
d)
soil, air, and oxygen
67.
What is the main purpose of the light reactions?
a)
To provide the energy and electrons for the calvin cycle
b)
To capture energy and make sugar
c)
To reflect green light
d)
To make sugars
68.
What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
a)
carbon dioxide and oxygen
b)
water and oxygen
c)
carbon dioxide and water
d)
water and glucose
69.
What is the main purpose of the light dependent reactions?
a)
To provide the energy for the calvin cycle
b)
To capture energy and make sugar
c)
To reflect green light
d)
To make sugars
70.
What type of respiration requires oxygen?
a)
Aerobic
b)
Anaerobic
71.
What are the products of anaerobic respiration?
a)
Glucose and oxygen
b)
Carbon dioxide and water
c)
Lactic acid
d)
Carbon monoxide
72.
What type of respiration does not require oxygen?
a)
Aerobic
b)
Anaerobic
73.
Which type of respiration is most efficient?
a)
Aerobic
b)
Anaerobic
74.
Where in the cell does anaerobic respiration take place?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Cell membrane
75.
What is required to carry out fermentation or anaerobic respiration?
a)
glucose
b)
the absence of oxygen
c)
glucose and the abscense of oxygen
76.
Which equation shows the reaction for anaerobic respiration
a)
carbon dioxide + water --> glucose and oxygen
b)
glucose + Oxygen --> lactic acid and energy
c)
glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide and water and energy
d)
glucose --> lactic acid and energy
77.
Aerobic respiration is different from anaerobic respiration in that aerobic respiration needs...
a)
chlorophyll
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
glucose
d)
oxygen
78.
The expression "feel the burn" means that a person exercising is goes through...
a)
lactic acid fermentation
b)
alcoholic fermentation
c)
photosynthesis
d)
aerobic respiration
79.
A weightlifter is using heavy weights in short bursts for a competition. Because his muscle cells are not able to take in enough oxygen to make very much ATP the weightlifter begins to get fatigue in his muscles. Which of the following processes is most likely going on in the muscles of the weightlifter as he competes in his event
a)
As the cells run out of oxygen they switch to anaerobic respiration, which allows the cell to make small amounts of ATP in the absence of oxygen.
b)
As the cells run out of oxygen, they die off gradually and the weightlifter's muscles have fewer contracting muscle cells.
c)
The cells will never run out of oxygen if the weightlifter is breathing.
d)
As the cells run out of oxygen, they will continue to make the same amount of ATP, since oxygen is not required to make ATP.
80.
In which organism(s) does photosynthesis occur?
a)
plants
b)
algae
c)
some bacteria
d)
all of these
81.
In which part of the cell does photosynthesis take place?
a)
vacuole
b)
mitochondria
c)
cell wall
d)
chloroplast
82.
In which organism(s) does respiration occur?
a)
plants
b)
animals
c)
fungus
d)
all of these
83.
In which part of the cell does respiration occur?
a)
vacuole
b)
mitochondria
c)
cell wall
d)
chloroplast
84.
What gas is given off as a result of respiration?
a)
oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
hydrogen
d)
nitrogen
85.
How do plants get the carbon that they need?
a)
from the air
b)
from water
c)
from the soil
d)
from fertilizer
86.
How do animals get the carbon that they need?
a)
from the air
b)
from water
c)
from the soil
d)
from their food
87.
This is referred to as the energy currency of the cell
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleus
88.
What is the net gain of ATP during glycolysis?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
89.
Glycolysis takes place in the
a)
mitochondria
b)
cell membrane
c)
cytoplasm
d)
nucleus
90.
This is the first step of cellular respiration
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Lactic Acid Fermentation
c)
Alcoholic Fermentation
d)
Aerobic Respiration
91.
This means that oxygen is needed
a)
anaerobic
b)
aerobic
92.
This process does not make ATP alone, but it allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is unavailable for cellular respiration.
a)
Fermentation
b)
Electron Transport Chain
c)
Glycolysis
d)
Kreb's cycle
93.
______________ produces the most ATP.
a)
photosnthesis
b)
aerobic respiration
c)
anaerobic respiration
d)
glycolysis
94.
What are the products of aerobic respiration?
a)
Glucose and oxygen
b)
Carbon dioxide and water
c)
Lactic acid
d)
Carbon monoxide
95.
What is an example of a positive feedback mechanism?
a)
b)
96.
The two types of feedback systems that help organisms maintain homeostasis are:
a)
positive and negative
b)
receptor and effector
c)
static and dynamic
d)
minor and major
97.
Maintaining body temperature is an example of a:
a)
negative feedback loop
b)
positive feedback loop
98.
The term for maintaining internal temperature is:
a)
Thermoregulation
b)
Thermometer
c)
Homeothermal
d)
Homeostasis
99.
Rapid growth during puberty causes your body to release more and more growth hormones. As you grow, more and more growth hormones are released until puberty is reached, and then the hormones stop.
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop
100.
Homeostasis
a)
allows for a wildly fluctuating internal environment
b)
is impossible in vertebrates
c)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
d)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable external environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
101.
Which system sends electrical messages that helps control the body's responses to internal and external changes?
a)
nervous
b)
endocrine
c)
reproductive
d)
integumentary
102.
These two body systems regulate feedback mechanisms.
a)
Skeletal & Muscular
b)
Skeletal & Endocrine
c)
Muscular & Nervous
d)
Endocrine & Nervous
103.
Which organs make up the circulatory system?
a)
the heart, veins, blood vessels
b)
the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
c)
the kidneys, bladder, and ureters
d)
bones
104.
How are viruses different than bacteria, fungi, and parasites?
a)
Viruses are not living
b)
Viruses reproduce quickly
c)
Viruses can infect the cells of a variety of organisms
105.
How are viruses, fungi, bacteria, and parasites similar?
a)
they all carry out sexual reproduction
b)
they are all living
c)
they are all made up of cells
d)
they all contain genetic material
106.
What is this a picture of?
a)
virus
b)
fungi
c)
bacteria
d)
parasite
107.
Ticks, lice, and mosquitoes are examples of ____________.
a)
viruses
b)
parasites
c)
fungi
d)
bacteria
108.
Antibiotics only cure ______________.
a)
viruses
b)
fungi
c)
parasites
d)
bacteria
109.
Which organ is part of the immune system?
a)
the eyes
b)
skin
c)
the stomach
d)
the intestines
110.
Bacterial infections respond to __________________.
a)
antibiotics
b)
nothing, there is no cure
c)
creams
d)
flu vaccines
111.
What is the large object in the middle a picture of?
a)
bacteria
b)
fungi
c)
virus
d)
parasite
112.
Which of the following is not regulated by homeostasis?
a)
body temperature
b)
blood sugar
c)
blood pH
d)
body movements
113.
____________________ helps warm the human body when we are cold.
a)
sweating
b)
shivering
c)
inhaling oxygen
d)
exhaling carbon dioxide
114.
What is the main purpose of the immune system?
a)
support the body through bones and muscles
b)
get rid of waste from the body
c)
protect the body from pathogens
d)
move blood through the body
115.
What do antibodies attach to on the pathogen?
a)
Anti inflammatory
b)
Antigens
c)
Antiseptic
d)
Antibodies
116.
Which one is a way the body defends against a pathogen?
a)
Fever
b)
Stomach Acid digesting
c)
White Blood Cells fighing
d)
All of these are correct
117.
Pathogens are recognized by their...
a)
antigens
b)
antibodies
c)
killer t-cells
d)
B-cells
118.
Like all other body systems, the immune system helps the body maintain homeostasis. Which statement best describes how the immune system does this?
a)
it protects other organs and tissues from infection and disease
b)
it breaks down food to provide cells with nutrients
c)
it gathers information through the senses and controls all other body systems
d)
it transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
119.
The picture below illustrates one internal part of the body’s immune system. What process is illustrated in the picture?
a)
a skin cell destroying germs.
b)
inflammation near an opened wound
c)
a white blood cell destroying pathogens
d)
mucus in the lungs destroying pathogens
120.
Liz notices that shortly after cutting her arm accidentally the area around the cut is turning red and feeling hot. Which immune system defense is Liz experiencing?
a)
inflammation
b)
white blood cell clotting
c)
skin
d)
fever
121.
Cells that ingest pathogens are
a)
plasma cells
b)
phagocytic cells
c)
helper T cells
d)
antibodies
122.
__________ immunity is when the bodies makes its own antibodies.
a)
passive
b)
active
c)
cell mediated
d)
false
123.
Anything that triggers an immune response is a/n
a)
lymph cell
b)
antigen
c)
antibody
d)
neutrop
124.
Y shaped proteins that may mark pathogens for destruction are
a)
antigens
b)
T cells
c)
antibodies
d)
neutrophils
125.
Special proteins produced by the body to attack foreign invaders.
a)
antibodies
b)
antigen
126.
Unlike active immunity, passive immunity causes
a)
long term resistance to disease
b)
short and long term resistance to disease
c)
no resistance to disease
d)
short term resistance to disease
127.
Two types of lymphocytes (white blood cells) include
a)
A cells and B cells
b)
T cells and B cells
c)
C cells and Z cells
d)
eukaryotes and prokaryotes
128.
When a person receives a vaccine, his or her body
a)
receives antibodies against a specific pathogen.
b)
creates plasma cells that can produce antibodies against the specific pathogen.
c)
creates antigens to fight the specific pathogen.
d)
immediately begins fighting the infection caused by the pathogens.
129.
If a person has memory B cells against a certain pathogen, the person is
a)
likely to develop that disease.
b)
much less likely to develop the disease a second time.
c)
able to spread the disease to others through physical contact.
d)
probably still sick with the disease.
130.
A person who develops antibodies against the flu vaccine is generating
a)
cell-mediated immunity.
b)
active immunity
c)
passive immunity
131.
What is active immunity?
a)
A vaccine that contains a microorganism in live but attenuated form
b)
Body produces its own antibodies in response to antigen in form of a vaccine
c)
Process where an organism has been genetically altered for use in vaccines
d)
Antibody stimulation without causing clinical disease
132.
What is passive immunity?
a)
A vaccine that contains a microorganism in live but attenuated form
b)
Body produces its own antibodies in response to antigen in form of a vaccine
c)
Process where an organism has been genetically altered for use in vaccines
d)
Antibody stimulation without causing clinical disease
133.
When a neuron is depolarized, what are the first channels to open?
a)
Sodium
b)
Potassium
c)
Calcium
d)
ACTH
134.
When a neuron is resting, the inside of the axon has a ____________ charge.
a)
positive
b)
negative
135.
Which ions are involved in the electrical nerve impulse?
a)
Iodine and Sodium
b)
Potassium and Sodium
c)
Iron and Sodium
d)
Calcium and Iodine
136.
Depolarization occurs when
a)
sodium channels open
b)
potassium channels open
c)
sodium channels close
d)
potassium channels close
137.
when does the stimuli cause an action potential?
a)
when it reaches threshold
b)
just below the threshold
c)
just above threshold
138.
The tiny gap between neurons where nerve impulses are sent from one neuron to another. It is where communication occurs between an axon and dendrite
a)
synapse
b)
axon terminal
c)
impulse
d)
myelin
139.
At resting potential, the ion distribution inside and outside of a neuron is such that __________ ions are most abundant on the outside of the cell, while __________ ions are most abundant on the inside of the cell.
a)
Potassium; sodium
b)
Sodium; potassium
c)
Calcium; potassium
d)
Calcium; sodium
140.
In the figure above, what is occurring at step #4?
a)
Neuron receives enough stimulation (15 mV), threshold is reached (-55mV)
b)
Na+ voltage channels open allowing Na+ to diffuse inward, depolarizing the membrane
c)
K+ voltage channels open and Na+ voltage channels open
d)
K+ voltage channels open allowing K+ to diffuse out, repolarizing the membrane.
e)
Hamsters. Massive amounts of hamsters
141.
When a neuron is at REST,
a)
the inside of the neuron is negatively charged compared to the outside.
b)
the inside of the neuron is positively charged compared to the outside.
c)
there is no charge difference established
d)
none of these is true
142.
An electrical impulse within a single neuron is called a
a)
synapse
b)
membrane potential
c)
action potential
d)
cell body
143.
Depolarization occurs when
a)
sodium channels open
b)
potassium channels open
c)
sodium channels close
d)
potassium channels close
144.
Depolarization is occuring at number
a)
1
b)
2
c)
4
d)
5
145.
Sodium channels are open during
a)
1
b)
2
c)
4
d)
5
146.
-70 mV is the measure of a
a)
Threshold Potential
b)
Action Potential
c)
Resting Potential
d)
End Point Potential
147.
Why is -55 mV a significant number?
a)
This is the largest charge achieved during an action potential
b)
This is the threshold required to complete an action potential
c)
This is the resting charge of a neuron
d)
This is the charge when all the sodium is inside the cell
148.
The action potential triggers voltage gated calcium channels to open at the axon terminal. The influx of calcium causes the synaptic vesicles to fuse with the membrane and exocytose their neurotransmitters into the cleft. The neurotransmitters diffuse across the cleft and fuse with receptor gated ion channels creating a new action potential when ions rush in, depolarizing the membrane. Which transport at the synapse is active transport?
a)
voltage gated calcium channels
b)
exocytosis
c)
diffusion
d)
receptor gated ion channels
149.
Members of a species in a defined area
a)
Ecosystem
b)
community
c)
biodiversity
d)
population
150.
Population ecologists are primarily interested in
a)
understanding how biotic and abiotic factors influence
the density, distribution, size, and age structure of populations.
the density, distribution, size, and age structure of populations.
b)
the overall vitality of a population of organisms.
c)
how humans affect the size of wild populations of organisms
d)
studying interactions among populations of organisms that inhabit the same area.
151.
A population of deer grows from 100 to 200 to 600, and when it gets to 600, it levels off. This population must have reached
a)
exponential growth.
b)
carrying capacity
c)
logistic growth
d)
exponential capacity
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