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rc.EVOLUTION.review

Total questions: 47

Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is this a picture of?

a)

Pedigree

b)

Cladogram

c)

Family Tree

d)

Oak Tree

2.

According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism?

a)

Amphibians

b)

Ray finned fish

c)

Crocodiles

d)

Birds

3.

All the animals to the right of the salamander would have the common characteristic of...

a)

Fur

b)

Claws or nails

c)

Lungs

d)

Jaws

4.

What characteristic do all the organisms on this cladogram share?

a)

Being bi-pedal & having language

b)

Complex brains

c)

Fully binocular vision

d)

Partial binocular vision & opposable thumbs

5.
Which of the following is a fossil?
a)
a plant that has recently died
b)
a group of organisms that can reproduce
c)
a structure or organ that no longer functions
d)
a trace of an organisms that existed in the past
6.
what did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of South America?
a)
different species on different islands
b)
all species on one of the islands
c)
identical species on all the islands
d)
the same species as North America
7.

Genetic Mutations, which occur randomly, are important because they bring about

a)

death of the organism in which they develop

b)

genetic variation needed for a population to evolve

c)

benefits for the individual, not for the population

d)

Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

8.

According to this cladogram, primates are most closely related to....

a)

Amphibians

b)

Rodents & rabbits

c)

Crocodiles

d)

Birds

9.

Which trait do only humans have, according to the cladogram?

a)

jaws

b)

mammary glands & hair

c)

terrestrial during all life stages

d)

bipedal & opposable thumbs

10.

What is the term for an inherited trait that is selected for over time, because it allows an organism to survive better in its environment?

a)

variation

b)

adaptation

c)

homologous structure

d)

vestigial structure

11.

What is the process where nature provides the variation and humans choose to breed (select) variations that they find useful? (ex. "purebred" dogs)

a)

natural selection

b)

inheritance

c)

artificial selection

d)

descent withOUT modification

12.

On the cladogram, which organism is the closest relative of the parrot?

a)

Frog

b)

Hare

c)

Caiman

d)

Parrot

13.

Natural selection results in gradual change, over time, by acting on traits that are

a)

heritable

b)

new

c)

mutated

d)

better than the best

14.
The Physical remains of a plant or animal preserved in rock or Earth's crust. 
a)
Adapt
b)
Fossil
15.
Charles Darwin came up with this theory 
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Mutation
16.
To adjust to a changing environment
a)
Mutation
b)
Adapt
17.

Which is the newest trait?

a)

Amniotic egg

b)

Walking legs

c)

Jaws

d)

Hair

18.
Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________
a)
increase in number
b)
become extinct
19.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
20.
What increases genetic variation when animals move from one population to another
a)
genetic drift
b)
sexual selection
c)
bottleneck effect
d)
gene flow
21.
The gradual change in species over time is...
a)
Evolution
b)
Nucleotide 
c)
Adaptation
d)
Natural Selection
22.
Who is the father of evolution?
a)
Darwin
b)
Mendel
c)
Newton
d)
Einstein
23.
What is another name for natural selection?
a)
survival of the smartest
b)
survival of the fastest
c)
survival of the biggest
d)
survival of the fittest
24.

A virus killed most of the seals in the North Sea (population dropped from 8,000 to 800). In an effort to help preserve the species, scientists caught 20 of the remaining seals and used them to start a new population in the northwest Pacific Ocean. Which of the following statements would accurately describe the new population?

a)

The new seal population is genetically less diverse than the original population and potentially prone to extinction

b)

The new seal population is genetically more diverse than the original population

c)

There is equal genetic variety compared to the original population

d)

None of the answers

25.

GENETIC DRIFT is rapid change in the gene (allele) frequency of a population due to...

a)

random chance

b)

artificial selection

c)

non-random mating (sexual selection)

d)

artificial selection

26.

GENETIC DRIFT is more likely to happen in...

a)

aquatic populations

b)

small populations

c)

terrestrial populations

d)

older populations

27.

Happens only in small populations, and is the change in the gene (allele) frequency of a specific trait in a population due to random sampling of organisms.

a)

Extinction

b)

Genetic Drift

c)

Bottleneck Effect

d)

Founder Effect

28.

This mechanism of evolution occurs when populations (genetic traits) migrate... to another physical location (ex. down the river, to another island or to the other side of a mountain).

a)

Extinction

b)

Gene flow

c)

Genetic drift

d)

Natural Selection

30.

The model below shows a how populations of organisms can change. Which of the following concepts is best illustrated by this demonstration?

a)

Evolution of a predatory species

b)

Genetic drift

c)

Environmentally induced genetic mutations

d)

Gene flow

30.

The model below shows a how populations of organisms can change. Which of the following concepts is best illustrated by this demonstration?

a)

Evolution of a predatory species

b)

Genetic drift

c)

Environmentally induced genetic mutations

d)

Gene flow

31.

Which of the following is true?

a)

Gene pool frequencies do not change as a result of migration in or out of a population.

b)

Gene flow occurs only as a result of isolation of a small population.

c)

Gene flow can cause new alleles to enter a population's gene pool... like migration.

d)

Gene flow is due the the selection of the most favorable traits.

32.
Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?
a)
individual
b)
population
c)
species
d)
fossil
33.
If an organism has a vestigial structure, that structure likely once had a function in a(n)
a)
close relative
b)
early ancestor
c)
unrelated organism
d)
embryological stage
34.

Genetic Mutations are RANDOM. Mutations are important because they bring about

a)

death of the organism in which they develop

b)

genetic variation needed for a population to evolve

c)

benefits for the individual, not for the population

d)

Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

35.

Extinction can occur because of which of the following?

a)

Lack of genetic diversity

b)

Increased competition with other species

c)

New predators within the environment

d)

Loss of habitat and/or catastrophes

e)

ALL can be causes of extinction.

36.
A remnant or trace of an organism from the past is called a _______.
a)
Ancestor
b)
Skeleton
c)
Fossil
d)
Imprints
37.

INHERITED TRAIT VARIATION is important for Natural Selection and a news species to occur. Inherited Variation that helps an organism survive is a(n) __________.

a)

Fossil

b)

Adaptation

c)

Ancestor

d)

Natural selection

38.
Survival of the fittest or when favorable adaptations reproduce faster is called what?
a)
Evolution
b)
Adaptation
c)
Natural selection
d)
Fossilization
39.
This occurs when no more of a species is living.
a)
Fossilization
b)
Adaptation
c)
Extinction
d)
Natural selection
40.

Missy is a tall, 11 year old drummer. She has a scar on her right cheek. She is good at swimming. Which of her traits did Missy most likely inherit?

a)

height

b)

the scar

c)

ability to swim

d)

ability to play drums

41.

According to the diagram and relative dating, which organism is older?

a)

ammonite

b)

coral

c)

gastropod

d)

trilobite

42.

Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry

a)

vestigial structures

b)

homologous structures

c)

adaptive radiation

d)

fossil

43.

If species A and B have very similar GENES (DNA) AND PROTEINS, what is probably TRUE?

a)

species A and B share a relatively recent common ancestor

b)

species A evolved independently of species B for a long period

c)

species A is younger than species B

d)

species A is older than species B

44.

What would happen if the Giraffes never evolve?

a)

they would survive

b)

They would thrive

c)

They would become extinct

d)

They will find another source of food

45.

The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce offspring in its specific environment is called __________.

a)

diversity.

b)

evolution

c)

adaptation

d)

fitness

46.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
47.

Farmers breed cows to produce high amounts of milk. This is an example of...

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Variations in a species

c)

Artificial Selection

d)

inbreeding

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