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3.3 Cell Theory/Cells/ Macromolecules TEST

Total questions: 116

Worksheet time: 2hrs 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Cell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific investigations resulted in the current cell theory. Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific knowledge?
a)
 All living things are made of cells.
b)
All cells come from other preexisting cells.
c)
Cells form through spontaneous generation.
d)
 Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.
2.
 Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.
a)
Plants have cells but animals do not.
b)
 They are both made of one or more cells. 
c)
They both come from the same kind of cell.
d)
They both come from a non-living organism.
3.
Cell theory states:
a)
All living cells must have a cell wall.
b)
 All living cells require glucose for survival.
c)
The basic unit of life is a cell.
d)
All cells contain a nucleus
4.
 Which of the following is NOT one of the main components of the cell theory?
a)
cells must contain DNA
b)
all living things are made of cells
c)
cells can only come from other cells
d)
cells are the basic unit of life
5.
Unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotes do not have:
a)
DNA
b)
cytoplasm
c)
cell walls
d)
a membrane bound nucleus
6.
The smallest unit that can perform the basic activities of life is
a)
a cell 
b)
a tissue
c)
an organ
d)
an organism
7.
______________ are the basic unit of life.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Cells
d)
Takis
8.
All organisms are made of:
a)
organelles
b)
cytoplasm
c)
DNA
d)
cells
9.
There are three parts to the cell theory. Which is NOT one of those parts?
a)
All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
b)
The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms.
c)
Cells spontaneously arise from carbon and nutrients carried in the bloodstream.
d)
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
10.
Which one is NOT part of the cell theory?
a)
Cells are the basic unit of life
b)
All cells come from preexisting cells
c)
All living things are made up of atoms
d)
All living things are made up of cells
11.

What is the idea that life arises from life?

a)

biogenesis

b)

spontaneous generation

c)

evolution

d)

genetics

12.

What is the idea that life can arise form nonliving material?

a)

biogenesis

b)

evolution

c)

spontaneous combustion

d)

spontaneous generation

13.

Plants, like trees, require special tissues to maintain their stiffness/lack of flexibility so they can grow upwards and branch out. The cells of plants also help with specialized cellular structures. Which of the following cell structures is most important in maintaining the stiffness/lack of flexibility of plants?

a)

Cell membrane

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Cell wall

14.

What is a major difference between facilliated diffusion and active transport?

a)

Facillitated diffusion moves molecules through the plasma membrane.

b)

Active transport uses proteins in the process.

c)

Facillitated diffusion needs/demands large amounts of energy.

d)

Active transport moves substances against the concentration gradient

15.

Which of the following best describes a function of structure D in Figure 1 above?

a)

Breaks down damaged cell parts

b)

Produces energy-rich molecules using solar energy

c)

Increases the amount of DNA in the cell

d)

Transports materials from one location to another within the cell

16.

Which of the following best explains why the plant cell above is eukaryotic?

a)

It contains membrane-bound organelles that have particular functions.

b)

It has an outer membrane that helps protect the cell from harsh surrounding conditions.

c)

The ribosomes contain instructions to produce clearly stated/particular enzymes that digest other cells

d)

The cell doesn't have structures that allow it to move from place to place in responsepredators.

17.

A timeline of the history of the Cell Theory is shown below.


Which statement best summarizes the development of the Cell Theory over time?

a)

Advancements or times of moving ahead in cell models proved the cell theory was very close to the truth.

b)

Changes in cell models showed the cell theory was based on opinion.

c)

The discovery of new evidence resulted in changes to the cell theory.

d)

The cell theory was changed with the discovery of every new cell organelles.

18.

A student created the model below to show different stages in the cell cycle.


If Figure 2 is accurate (accurate means very close to the truth or true number), which part of the current Cell Theory does it most likely support?

a)

The cell is the basic structure of life.

b)

All cells come from preexisting cells.

c)

All organisms are made of one or more cells.

d)

The cell only contains a center (of a cell or atom) and membrane.

19.

Which of the following best explains why some cells have more mitochondria than others?

a)

The cells use more energy.

b)

The cells store more (vitamins, minerals, protein, etc.).

c)

The cells destroy more proteins.

d)

The cells divide more often.

20.

What macromolecule represents structure A?

a)

Nucleic acid

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Carbohydrates

21.

Where are you least likely to find water molecules in the structure shown in figure4?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

22.

.


If Structure E stopped functioning throughout the cell, what would most likely be changed by/affected by this change?

a)

Carbohydrate digestion

b)

Nutrient transport

c)

Protein creation/synthesis

d)

Storage of enzyme material

23.

What is one function of Structure A in Figure 5?

a)

Moving the cell by changing shape

b)

Allowing water molecules to enter and exit the cell

c)

Transport of vitamins, minerals, and proteins to other nearby cells

d)

Produces oxygen gas from the surrounding water

24.

Which best describes the type of barrier that the cell membrane forms?

a)

impermeable, like a brick wall

b)

permeable but selective, like a wall with gates

c)

very permeable, like a fishing net

d)

permeable only to water, like a very fine net

25.

Refer to the figure below, the cell labeled "Cell I" would probably be a(n)

a)

Animal cell.

b)

Plant cell.

c)

Bacteria cell.

d)

Fungus cell.

26.

The table compares the structures and features/ qualities/ traits of two cells.


What conclusion about the cells does the data in the table support?

a)

Cell 1 is from a plant; Cell 2 is from an animal.

b)

Cell 1 is prokaryotic; Cell 2 is from a plant.

c)

Cell 1 is prokaryotic; Cell 2 is from an animal.

d)

Cell 1 is eukaryotic; Cell 2 is prokaryotic.

27.

Which of the following organelles do plant and animals have in common?

a)

Mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and chloroplast

b)

Mitochondria, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus

c)

Golgi apparatus, nucleus, mitochondrion and central vacuole

d)

Mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus

28.

The cell membrane consists of a lipid double layer with embedded proteins. What is one reason that proteins are extremely important for the cell membrane to function properly?

a)

Proteins attach the cell membrane to the cell wall.

b)

Proteins prevent the cell membrane from breaking apart in water.

c)

Proteins allow certain substances to pass through the cell membrane.

d)

Proteins prevent gases, including oxygen and carbon dioxide, from passing through the cell membrane.

29.

A scientist is studying a cell from an unidentified organism. Which feature of the cell provides the strongest evidence that the organism is a prokaryotic cell and not a eukaryotic cell?

a)

The cell contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

b)

The cell lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

c)

The cell is surrounded by a cell membrane and a cell wall.

d)

The cell is surrounded by a cell membrane but not a cell wall.

30.

Cell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific investigations resulted in the current cell theory. Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific knowledge?

a)

All living things are made of cells.

b)

All cells come from other preexisting cells.

c)

Cells form through spontaneous generation.

d)

Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.

31.

Plants differ from animals in that plants have

a)

An endoplasmic reticulum

b)

A central vacuole

c)

Golgi apparatuses

d)

Organelles

32.

There are some similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

a)

lysosome

b)

mitochondria

c)

nucleus

d)

ribosome

33.

Cells need to bring in molecules to carry out cellular processes. Often, this requires moving the molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient. How do these molecules get into the cell?

a)

passive transport by diffusion

b)

active transport using ATP

c)

passive transport by osmosis

d)

phagocytosis

34.
What is the structure labeled #9?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Mitochondria
35.
What is the function of the chloroplast?
a)
site of digestive enzymes
b)
site of ATP (energy) production
c)
site of photosynthesis
d)
site of protein production
36.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
a)
site of digestive enzymes
b)
site of ATP (energy) production
c)
site of photosynthesis
d)
site of protein production
37.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
a)
to control the activities within the cell
b)
to package and ship cellular materials
c)
to store water and nutrients 
d)
to control the materials that pass into and out of the cell
38.
What is the difference between rough and smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
a)
There is no difference.
b)
Plants have rough ER, animals have smooth ER.
c)
What type of injuries the Doctors treat.
d)
Rough has ribosomes, smooth does not.
39.
This organelle moves materials throughout the cell. 
a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Ribosomes
c)
FedEx
d)
Golgi Complex
40.
What structure is responsible for making proteins?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Golgi Apparatus
d)
Ribosome
41.
What is the structure labeled #9?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Mitochondria
42.
What is the structure labeled #8?
a)
Vacuole
b)
Golgi body
c)
Nucleus
d)
Lysosome
43.
What is the structure labeled #4?
a)
Vacuole
b)
Cell wall
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Cell membrane
44.
What is the structure labeled #2?
a)
Lysosome
b)
Vesicle
c)
Ribosome
d)
Mitochondria
45.

What are the four groups of macromolecules?

a)

nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids

b)

nucleotides, amino acids, triglycerides, monosaccharides

c)

monomers, polymers, dimers, trimers

d)

glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose

46.

What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?

a)

nucleotide

b)

triglyceride

c)

monosaccharide

d)

amino acid

47.

What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?

a)

nucleotide

b)

triglyceride

c)

monosaccharide

d)

amino acid

48.

What is the monomer of a protein?

a)

nucleotide

b)

triglyceride

c)

monosaccharide

d)

amino acid

49.

Examine the structure of this monomer. Which macromolecule group does it belong to?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

nucleic acids

d)

proteins

50.

Examine the structure of this monomer. Which macromolecule group does it belong to?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

nucleic acids

d)

proteins

51.

Examine the structure of this monomer. Which macromolecule group does it belong to?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

nucleic acids

d)

proteins

52.

Examine the structure of this monomer. Which macromolecule group does it belong to?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

nucleic acids

d)

proteins

53.

Which of the following molecular features would best help you identify a carbohydrate by its structure?

a)

rings filled with N

b)

one or two Ns attached to C

c)

a chain of C surrounded by H almost exclusively

d)

a chain or ring of C surrounded by alternating H and OH

54.

Which of the following molecular features would best help you identify a lipid by its structure?

a)

rings filled with N

b)

one or two Ns attached to C

c)

a chain of C surrounded by H almost exclusively

d)

a chain or ring of C surrounded by alternating H and OH

55.

Which function(s) listed below do proteins provide for living things?

a)

short-term energy storage

b)

long-term energy storage

c)

store genetic information

d)

structural support

e)

speed up chemical reactions

56.

Which function(s) listed below do lipids provide for living things?

a)

short-term energy storage

b)

long-term energy storage

c)

store genetic information

d)

build cell walls

e)

build cell membranes

57.

Which function(s) listed below do carbohydrates provide for living things?

a)

short-term energy storage

b)

long-term energy storage

c)

store genetic information

d)

build cell walls

e)

build cell membranes

58.

Which function(s) listed below do nucleic acids provide for living things?

a)

short-term energy storage

b)

long-term energy storage

c)

store genetic information

d)

structural support

e)

speed up chemical reactions

59.

Which group of macromolecules do enzymes belong to?

a)

lipids

b)

nucleic acids

c)

carbohydrates

d)

proteins

60.

What is the function of enzymes?

a)

speeds up reactions

b)

stores genetic information in the nucleus

c)

provides structure for the cell membrane

d)

removes viruses from the lymphatic system

61.

DNA and RNA are polymers of which macromolecule group?

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

62.

Sugars and starches can be polymers of which macromolecule group?

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

63.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

64.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

65.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

66.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

67.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

68.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

69.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

70.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

71.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

72.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

73.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

74.

What macromolecule is shown above?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

75.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
76.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
77.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
35oC
78.
Enzymes are...
a)
nucleic acids
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
79.
What is the function of an enzyme?
a)
enzymes break themselves into small pieces
b)
enzymes slow down chemical reactions
c)
enzymes speed up chemical reactions
d)
enzymes combine products to form reactants 
80.
Enzymes speed up reaction rates by changing...
a)
Activation Energy
b)
pH
c)
Hydrogen Bonds
d)
Kinetic Energy
81.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
82.
Letter B...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
83.
Letter C...
a)
active site
b)
enzymes
c)
substrate
d)
products
84.
Letter E...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
85.
With what 3 letters do enzymes typically end?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
86.

What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?

a)

The enzymes die.

b)

The shapes of the enzyme are altered.

c)

The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.

d)

The enzymes remain the same

87.
Enzymes will make a reaction go _______ and use ______ energy.
a)
faster, less
b)
faster, more
c)
slower, less
d)
slower, more
88.
Enzymes will make a reaction go _______ and use ______ energy.
a)
faster, less
b)
faster, more
c)
slower, less
d)
slower, more
89.
What happens to an enzyme when it is denatured?
a)
Activation energy is lowered.
b)
It becomes stronger.
c)
It loses its shape.
d)
Activation energy is raised.
90.
Every enzyme has a optimal temperature and pH. True or False?
a)
True 
b)
False
91.
Enzymes are composed of which of the following monomers? 
a)
amino acids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
nucleotides
d)
monosaccharides
92.

Which type of biological macromolecule is the main component of the plasma membrane?

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

93.

What does "hydrophobic" mean?

a)

water loving, associates with water

b)

water fearing, does not associate with water

c)

a world war II submarine

d)

an example would be solutes like sugar or salt

94.

What does "hydrophilic" mean?

a)

water loving, associates with water

b)

water fearing, does not associate with water

c)

a world war II submarine

d)

an example would be solutes like oil or fat

95.

Which are example is hydrophobic in nature.

a)

Oil

b)

Sugar

c)

Salt

d)

Water

96.
A balance that an organism maintains by regulating what goes into and out of the cell.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Homeostasis
c)
Plasmolysis
d)
Hypotonic
97.
The type of cellular transport that requires no energy.
a)
Active Transport
b)
Protein Pumps
c)
Passive Transport
d)
Endocytosis
98.
Which of the following modes of cellular transport does NOT require energy?
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Protein Pumps
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Exocytosis
99.
The process of engulfing food or liquid particles into the cell.
a)
Osmosis
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Diffusion
100.
The release of large particles, often waste materials from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell.
a)
Osmosis
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Diffusion
101.
What type of transport involves the movement of water from high to low concentrations?
a)
Diffusion
b)
Active Transport
c)
Facilitated Diffusion
d)
Osmosis
102.
What type of transport uses transport (channel) proteins to help molecules move from higher to lower concentrations?
a)
Protein Pumps
b)
Diffusion
c)
Facilitated Diffusion
d)
Osmosis
103.
What type of solution has more solutes and less water than a cell that it contains?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
None of the Above
104.
What happens to a plant cell that is placed into a hypotonic solution?
a)
It shrinks
b)
Plasmolysis
c)
It swells
d)
Cytolysis
105.
A cell with a 5% salt solution is placed into a beaker with a 10% salt solution.  This solution is considered to be _____ to the cell.
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
None of the Above
106.
A cell with a 5% salt solution is placed into a beaker with a 10% salt solution.  What will happen to the cell?
a)
It will shrink
b)
It will swell
c)
No change
d)
Cytolysis
107.
A cell with a 20% salt solution is placed into a beaker of pure water.  What will happen to the cell?
a)
It will shrink
b)
Plasmolysis
c)
No change
d)
Cytolysis
108.
A cell with a 10% salt solution is placed into a beaker with a 40% salt solution.  How will water move?
a)
It will leave the cell
b)
It will enter the cell
c)
It will move in and out equally
d)
There will be no movement
109.
This picture represents what type of cell transport?
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
osmosis
d)
passive transport
110.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
111.
Which is true about active transport?
a)
It requires energy
b)
it does not require energy
c)
It moves substances down the concentration gradient
d)
it moves material from high to low concentration
112.
This cell organelle helps organisms maintain homeostasis by controlling what substances may enter or leave cells.
a)
vacuole
b)
nucleus
c)
cell membrane
d)
cell wall
113.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
114.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
115.
A cell in an isotonic solution will
a)
swell
b)
shrink
c)
stay the same size
d)
impossible to tell
116.
What type of transport is this?
a)
facilitated diffusion
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis

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