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WorksheetsSpring Biology Benchmark Review 23
Total questions: 130
Worksheet time: 2hrs 11mins
The monomers of DNA polymers that consist of a phosphate-sugar backbone and a single nitrogenous base is called a
Nucleotides
Ribosomes
Translation
Replication
What are the nucleotides made of?
1 Sugar, 1 Phosphate, 1 nitrogen base
2 Sugar, 3 Phosphate, 1 nitrogen base
3 Sugar, 2 Phosphate, 1 nitrogen base
1 Phosphate,1 Nitrogen,1 Adenine
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?
amino acid
nucleic acid
cholesterol
fatty acid
Which viral life cycle allows viral genetic material to lay dormant (hide/sleep) while the host cell reproduces?
lytic
mitosis
lysogenic
S phase
How does Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) replicate?
Lytic Cycle
Lysogenic Cycle
Mitosis
Binary fission
Which viral life cycle kills its host cell by lysing (bursting)?
Lysogenic Cycle
Lytic Cycle
Binary Fission
Conjugation
All bacteria are harmful.
True
False- can be beneficial or harmful
Cancer is...
Uncontrolled cell growth
Normal cell growth
A protein
A cell cycle regulator
What is cell differentiation?
The process where unspecialized cells become different in structure and function.
When DNA controls the cell cycle.
The ability of cells to make more cells.
The ability of cells to maintain homeostasis.
can genes be turned off and on?
NO
YES- environment can play a big part
ATG CCA AAT
CRISPR-Cas9 is a genetic modification technique that edits parts of the genome of an organism. Using this technique scientists can add, remove, or modify sections of the DNA sequence. How can scientists use this technique to control gene expression?
by activating or deactivating specific genes
by calculating the number of genes different organisms produce
by identifying how closely related one individual is to another
by determining the number of chromosomes in an organism
The Himalayan rabbit's habitat has cold, snowy winters and mild summers. The body is typically covered in white fur except for the nose, feet, tail, and ears, which are covered in black fur. A scientist shaved an area of white fur on the back of a Himalayan rabbit and placed an ice pack over the shaved area. The shaved are grew black fur. Which of these best explains why the hair that grew back where the ice pack was placed was black and not white?
the genes for black hair were activated by specific temperatures
the white hair mutated to black hair as the rabbit's body temperature decreased.
the coat color changed from white to black with the age of the rabbit
white hair only grows during certain times of the year
The * levels of classification, most broad to most specific.
Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Species, Domain
Domain, Species, Kingdom, Domain, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class, Order
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Order, Kingdom, Species, Domain, Phylum, Family, Domain, Class, Genus
I am an autotroph
I am multicellular
What am I?
I am eukaryotic
I reproduce sexually
I am multicellular
What kingdom do I belong to?
I can be either multicellular or unicellular-
I can have cell walls or not-
The only thing for sure about me is that I have a nucleus in my cells...
I am Kingdom ____________ .
Kingdom Plantae is
autotroph
heterotroph
The process on the left is:
The process on the right is:
Left: meiosis-somatic/body cells
Right: meiosis-sex cells/gametes
Left: meiosis- sex cells/gametes
Right: cloning- making copies
Left: mitosis-body cells/somatic
Right: meiosis- sex cells/gametes
Mitosis takes place in _____
sex cells (gametes):reproduction
somatic cell (non sex cells):grow and repair
Mitosis turns a single parent cell into ____ identical cells
0
1
2
4
Meiosis turns a single parent cell into _______ new daughter cells
0
1
2
4
Meiosis takes place in ____
gametes (sex cells)
somatic cells (non sex cells)
Which cellular process is shown?
reproduction
grow and repair
mitosis
phagocytosis
Which biomolecule is made of nucleotides and contain you DNA?
Carbohydrate
Lipids
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Which biomolecule has sugars and starches?
Lipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acid
all of the above
What is the monomer for proteins?
Amino acid
Nucleotide
Fatty acid
Monosaccharide
Which monomer makes up nucleic acids?
Amino acid
Nucleotide
Fatty acid
Monosaccharide
all of the above
Nucleic acid...
expresses traits by providing genetic material
DNA or RNA
made up of nucleotides
all of the above
none of the above
Which biomolecule is responsible for insulation and energy storage?
insulation
energy storage
makes up cell membrane
fats, steroids and cholesterol
all of the above
Mutations that effect gametes and that will be passed on
to the next generation
can be positive
can be negative
both are true
A point mutation where one nucleotide base replaces an original nucleotide base
Inversion Mutation
Chromosomal Mutation
Translocation
Substitution Mutation
A nucleotide base is inserted or deleted shifting the entire DNA sequence. Entire protein will be changed.
Substitution Mutation
Silent Mutation
Frameshift Mutation
Translocation
A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base
is removed from the DNA sequence.
Deletion Mutation
Substitution Mutation
Translocation
Silent Mutation
Part of a chromosome is repeated
Gene Mutation
Point Mutation
Deletion Mutation
Duplication Mutation
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
ATTGAGCC - Mutated
The example above is an example of a
In what process is mRNA synthesized?
Transcription
Translation
DNA Replication
Mitosis
Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?
Nucleus
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
What is the purpose for anti-codons?
to ensure the correct amino acid is dropped off
to match the strand of DNA
to decode a sequence of 4 nucleotides into an amino acid
to make me hate biology
TRANSLATE this RNA sequence: AUGCAAUGA
Met-Glu-Stop
Met-His-Stop
Thr-Glu-Stop
Thr-Pro-Stop
The "central dogma" states that genetic information flows from
Protein-->mRNA-->DNA-->Gene
Protein-->DNA-->mRNA-->Grene
mRNA-->DNA-->Trait-->Protein
Gene-->DNA-->mRNA-->Protein-->Trait
What is the result of transcription?
The synthesis of RNA from protein
The synthesis of protein from RNA
The synthesis of protein from DNA
The synthesis of RNA from DNA
What is the result of translation?
The synthesis of RNA from protein
The synthesis of protein from RNA
The synthesis of protein from DNA
The synthesis of RNA from DNA
At which organelle does translation occur?
Nucleus
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
The part of the plant
that is generally
under the ground
and in the soil
Reproductive System
Transpiration
Shoot System
Root System
The part of the plant
that is generally above the ground including stems, leaves, buds and reproductive structures
Stem System
Leaf system
Shoot system
Xylem
Vascular tissue (tubes) responsible for the transportation of water and minerals up from the roots and around the plant.
Stomata
Transpiration
Phloem
Xylem
Vascular tissue (tubes) responsible for the transportation of glucose down and around in a plant.
Transpiration
Xylem
Phloem
Root Hairs
Pores under leaves
that allow for transpiration
and gas exchange
Xylem
Stomata
Phloem
Transpiration
The plant hormone response to the
force of gravity
Phototropism
Geotropism
Thigmotropism
Transpiration
_____________________ is a vascular tissue that carries sugars and other foods throughout a plant.
stems
phloem
roots
xylem
___________________________ is growth that happens in organisms in response to light, such as a stem bending toward a light source.
transpiration
gravitropism
phototropism
Which of the following would be the appropriate stimulus and response for geotropism?
Stimulus= Touch; Response= Close leaves
Stimulus= Gravity; Response= roots soil grow down, stem grows up
Stimulus= Light; Response= roots grow toward water
What 2 systems: Absorb and deliver the digested nutrients to the cells
Digestive and muscular
Muscular and lymphatic
Digestive and circulatory
Nervous and skeletal
What 2 systems: Transports white blood cells throughout the body to fight disease
Excretory and nervous
Circulatory and immune
Respiratory and nervous
Digestive and immune
What 2 systems: Allow organs to contract and push food through
Muscular and Skeletal
Excretory and Muscular
Endocrine and Muscular
Muscular and Digestive
endocrine
hormones
blood
urine
sweat
What 2 systems: Diaphragm controls breathing
Circulatory and Endocrine
Respiratory and Muscular
Muscular and Skeletal
Circulatory and Respiratory
circulatory system
transports nutrients
releases hormones
builds muscle
produces gametes
what is an organ of the Integumentary system
skin
brain
bones
muscle
What systems do neurons depend on to be able to conduct cellular respiration (a process that has the key ingredients of oxygen and glucose)?
excretory, digestive, circulatory
musculoskeletal, nervous, respiratory
nervous, excretory, digestive
respiratory, digestive, circulatory
what genotype is 2
Gg
gg
boy
girl
The image shows the pattern of inheritance for colorblindness. What percent of males will have the condition
25% XY
50% XY
100% XX
50% XX
If a woman is a carrier for an X-linked recessive trait of hemophilia and her husband has hemophilia, which of the following is true?
All sons will have hemophilia but daughters would not have hemophilia
all daughters will have hemophilia
50% of daughters and 50% of sons could have hemophilia
100% of sons could have hemophilia and 100% of daughters could be carriers
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
AA x aa
In Holstein cattle the allele for black hair color (B) is dominant over the allele for red hair
color (b), and the allele for polled (P), or lacking horns, is dominant over the allele for having
horns (p).
What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring of a BbPp × BbPp cross if these alleles
sort independently?
16 black/polled : 0 black/horned : 0 red/polled : 0 red/horned
12 black/polled : 0 black/horned : 0 red/polled : 4 red/horned
4 black/polled : 4 black/horned : 4 red/polled : 4 red/horned
9 black/polled : 3 black/horned : 3 red/polled : 1 red/horned
Facial dimples and free earlobes are both considered dominant human traits. What are the
expected phenotypes of the offspring of a female with dimples and free earlobes (DDFf) and a
male with no dimples and attached earlobes (ddff)?
50% with dimples and free earlobes and 50% with dimples and attached earlobes
50% with dimples and free earlobes and 50% with no dimples and attached earlobes
75% with dimples and free earlobes and 25% with no dimples and attached earlobes
75% with dimples and attached earlobes and 25% with no dimples and free earlobes
A father has type AB blood and the mother has type O. What percentage of their offspring would you expect to have?
Type A, 25%, Type B 25%, Type AB 25%, Type O 25%
Type A 50%, Type B 25%, Type AB 25%, Type O 50%
Type A blood 50%, Type B 50%, Type AB 0%, Type O Blood 0%
Type A blood 100%
In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red is dominant to white. What is the sex and eye color of flies with the following genotype: X R X R ?
male with red eyes
female with red eyes
male with white eyes
female with white eyes
What are the genotypes of these flies:
white eyed, male ?
X R X r
X R X R
Xr X r
X r Y
XR Y
In a cross between a pure red eyed female and a white eyed male, what would the genotypes of the parents be?
XRXr with XR Y
XRXr with Xr Y
XRXR with XR Y
XRXR with Xr Y
XrXr with Xr Y
What are the products of photosynthesis?
water and carbon dioxide
oxygen and glucose
oxygen and carbon dioxide
The reactants of photosynthesis are
sugar and water
sugar and oxygen
carbon dioxide and water
carbon dioxide and oxygen
Which of the following best describes photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis converts solar/radiant energy into chemical energy.
Photosynthesis produces carbohydrates.
Plants need sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, nutrients, and chlorophyll to complete photosynthesis.
Plants use chlorophyll, water, and carbon dioxide to make sugar.
What organelle is responsible for making energy for the cell?
mitochondria
vacuole
ER
all of the above
what do proteins do
express a trait
give structure
move large materials in and out of the cell
All of the above
what genotype is 4
Gg
gg
boy
girl
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
lower energy
break down
speed up reactions
all of the above
What is a tumor
unregulated cell growth
Normal cell growth
A protein
A cell cycle
