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Spring Biology Benchmark Review 23

Total questions: 130

Worksheet time: 2hrs 11mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A collection of cells with similar functions form ____
a)
an organ
b)
a tissue
c)
an organism
d)
an organ system
2.
The smallest units of life that make up all living things are ____
a)
tissues
b)
cells
c)
organs
d)
organ systems
3.
Which of the following correctly orders the organization in plants and animals from least to complex?
a)
Cell --> Organ --> Tissue --> Organ System --> Organism
b)
Atom --> Cell --> Organ --> Tissue --> Organism
c)
Cell --> Tissue --> Organ --> Organ System --> Organism
d)
Organism --> Organ System --> Organ --> Tissue --> Cell
4.
What is the significance of the sequence (order) of the Nitrogen Bases in DNA?
a)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the number of chromosomes present in an organism.
b)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the traits that an organism will possess (have).
c)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the gender of an organism.
d)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines whether an organism is abiotic biotic.
5.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
amino acid
d)
protein
6.
DNA codes for...
a)
bases
b)
proteins
c)
amino acids
d)
phosphates
7.

The monomers of DNA polymers that consist of a phosphate-sugar backbone and a single nitrogenous base is called a

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Translation

d)

Replication

8.

What are the nucleotides made of?

a)

1 Sugar, 1 Phosphate, 1 nitrogen base

b)

2 Sugar, 3 Phosphate, 1 nitrogen base

c)

3 Sugar, 2 Phosphate, 1 nitrogen base

d)

1 Phosphate,1 Nitrogen,1 Adenine

9.

Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?

a)

amino acid

b)

nucleic acid

c)

cholesterol

d)

fatty acid

10.

Which viral life cycle allows viral genetic material to lay dormant (hide/sleep) while the host cell reproduces?

a)

lytic

b)

mitosis

c)

lysogenic

d)

S phase

11.
What is the first step of the virus reproduction cycle?
a)
The viruses genetic material (DNA) starts to take over the functions of the cell
b)
The host cell bursts open, releasing the new viruses
c)
The virus injects its genetic material into the cell
d)
A virus attaches to the surface of a host cell
12.

How does Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) replicate?

a)

Lytic Cycle

b)

Lysogenic Cycle

c)

Mitosis

d)

Binary fission

13.
Reasons that viruses are considered to be nonliving is because
a)
They are not cellular
b)
They cannot reproduce on their own
c)
They cannot make proteins
d)
all of the above
14.

Which viral life cycle kills its host cell by lysing (bursting)?

a)

Lysogenic Cycle

b)

Lytic Cycle

c)

Binary Fission

d)

Conjugation

15.

All bacteria are harmful.

a)

True

b)

False- can be beneficial or harmful

16.
What is one way that a lysogenic infection differs from a lytic infection?
a)
A lysogenic virus does not act on bacteria as a lytic virus does.
b)
A lysogenic virus can remain in the host DNA for a longer period without becoming active.
c)
A lysogenic virus contains RNA instead of DNA.
d)
A lysogenic virus directs the production of new viruses right away.
17.

Cancer is...

a)

Uncontrolled cell growth

b)

Normal cell growth

c)

A protein

d)

A cell cycle regulator

18.

What is cell differentiation?

a)

The process where unspecialized cells become different in structure and function.

b)

When DNA controls the cell cycle.

c)

The ability of cells to make more cells.

d)

The ability of cells to maintain homeostasis.

19.

can genes be turned off and on?

a)

NO

b)

YES- environment can play a big part

20.
Identify the SUBSTITUTION mutation from the following DNA sequence: 
ATG CCA AAT
a)
ATG TCA AAT
b)
ATG CCT AAA T
c)
ATC CA  AT
d)
ATG CCA AAT
21.
What is the name given to part of a DNA molecule that codes for a protein?
a)
Glucose
b)
Chromosome
c)
Gene
d)
Phosphate
22.
How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?
a)
The two different cells become mutated
b)
The proteins expressed in each cell are different
c)
They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
d)
The genome of the different cells changes
23.

CRISPR-Cas9 is a genetic modification technique that edits parts of the genome of an organism. Using this technique scientists can add, remove, or modify sections of the DNA sequence. How can scientists use this technique to control gene expression?

a)

by activating or deactivating specific genes

b)

by calculating the number of genes different organisms produce

c)

by identifying how closely related one individual is to another

d)

by determining the number of chromosomes in an organism

24.

The Himalayan rabbit's habitat has cold, snowy winters and mild summers. The body is typically covered in white fur except for the nose, feet, tail, and ears, which are covered in black fur. A scientist shaved an area of white fur on the back of a Himalayan rabbit and placed an ice pack over the shaved area. The shaved are grew black fur. Which of these best explains why the hair that grew back where the ice pack was placed was black and not white?

a)

the genes for black hair were activated by specific temperatures

b)

the white hair mutated to black hair as the rabbit's body temperature decreased.

c)

the coat color changed from white to black with the age of the rabbit

d)

white hair only grows during certain times of the year

25.
Which is true of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a)
Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.
b)
Eukaryotic cells do not have nuclei, and prokaryotic cells do have nuclei.
c)
Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.
d)
Eukaryotic cells are simpler than prokaryotic cells.
26.

The * levels of classification, most broad to most specific.

a)

Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Species, Domain

b)

Domain, Species, Kingdom, Domain, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class, Order

c)

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

d)

Order, Kingdom, Species, Domain, Phylum, Family, Domain, Class, Genus

27.
A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?
a)
Juniper
b)
Pine
c)
Spruce
d)
Fir
28.
Which of the following organisms are MOST closely related?
a)
organisms that share a domain
b)
organisms that share a family 
c)
organisms that share a genus 
d)
organisms that share an order  
29.
I have cell walls
I am an autotroph
I am multicellular
What am I?
a)
Plant
b)
Animal
c)
Eubacteria
d)
Unicorn
30.
I have no cell walls
I am eukaryotic
I reproduce sexually
I am multicellular
What kingdom do I belong to?
a)
Plantae
b)
Animalia
c)
Protista
d)
Fungi
31.
I can be either a heterotroph or an autotroph-
I can be either multicellular or unicellular-
I can have cell walls or not-
The only thing for sure about me is that I have a nucleus in my cells...
I am Kingdom ____________ .
a)
Plantae
b)
Protista
c)
Animalia
d)
of Oz
32.

Kingdom Plantae is

a)

autotroph

b)

heterotroph

33.
Kingdom Animalia is
a)
Eukayotic
b)
Prokaryotic
c)
Pick me!
d)
No, Pick me!!
34.
What kingdom is Eukaryotic, most are unicellular, some are heterotrophic and some are autotrophic?
a)
Eubacteria
b)
Protista
c)
Plants
d)
Animals
35.
Almost all bacteria are...
a)
Unicellular
b)
Multicellular
36.
Which two kingdoms are entirely multicellular?
a)
Animalia and Plantae
b)
Animalia and Protista
c)
Protista and Plantae
37.
Organisms whose cells have NO nucleus are classified as...
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
c)
Dead
38.
Which kingdoms have some organisms that can make their own food (autotrophic)?
a)
Plantae and Animalia
b)
Fungi and Plantae
c)
Protista and Plantae
39.
What happens in the first part of Interphase?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cell Growth
c)
DNA Replication
d)
Anaphase
40.
What does DNA Replication mean?
a)
DNA is made.
b)
DNA makes new cells. 
c)
DNA copies itself.
d)
DNA starts the cell cycle.
41.

The process on the left is:

The process on the right is:

a)

Left: meiosis-somatic/body cells

Right: meiosis-sex cells/gametes

b)

Left: meiosis- sex cells/gametes

Right: cloning- making copies

c)

Left: mitosis-body cells/somatic

Right: meiosis- sex cells/gametes

42.

Mitosis takes place in _____

a)

sex cells (gametes):reproduction

b)

somatic cell (non sex cells):grow and repair

43.

Mitosis turns a single parent cell into ____ identical cells

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

d)

4

44.

Meiosis turns a single parent cell into _______ new daughter cells

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

d)

4

45.

Meiosis takes place in ____

a)

gametes (sex cells)

b)

somatic cells (non sex cells)

46.
What causes genetic variation in meiosis?
a)
chromosomes lining up
b)
crossing over of chromosomes
c)
separation of chromosomes
d)
chromosomes pulling apart
47.

Which cellular process is shown?

a)

reproduction

b)

grow and repair

c)

mitosis

d)

phagocytosis

48.
Which process and type of resulting cells are represented?
a)
mitosis, gametes
b)
mitosis, body cells
c)
meiosis, gametes
d)
meiosis, body cells
49.
Females have ____ and males have _____ chromosomes.
a)
XX, XY
b)
XY, XX
c)
XX, XX
d)
XY, XY
50.
With mitosis you get ___, _________ cells, but with meiosis, you get ___, ____________.
a)
4 different, 2 identical
b)
4 identical, 2 different
c)
2 different, 4 identical
d)
2 identical, 4 different
51.
Which is true about active transport?
a)
It requires energy
b)
it does not require energy
c)
It moves substances down the concentration gradient
d)
it moves material from high to low concentration
52.
In a nerve cell, ATP energy is used to pump sodium (Na) out of the cell and potassium (K) into the cell. This is an example of...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
53.
Active transport requires ______, moves materials from __________________, and goes _______ the concentration gradient.
a)
No energy, low to high, against
b)
ATP, high to low, with
c)
ATP, low to high, with
d)
ATP, low to high, against
54.
Movement of particles from high to low concentration. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
55.
Movement of materials from high to low concentration through a protein channel. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
56.

Which biomolecule is made of nucleotides and contain you DNA?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipids

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

57.

Which biomolecule has sugars and starches?

a)

Lipids

b)

Proteins

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic Acid

e)

all of the above

58.
Which biomolecule functions include enzymes­ which speeds the rate of chemical reactions, structural components in cells, mechanical functions in muscles and cytoskeleton, cell signaling, and immune response; provides structure and helps with chemical reactions 
a)
Protein
b)
Lipids
c)
Carbohydrate
d)
Nucleic Acid
59.
Which biomolecule is important source of energy for humans; glucose for human cells, tissues, and organs; provides fiber, sugar, and starches; provides structural support, cell wall, and cell membrane maker?
a)
Nucleic Acid
b)
Lipid
c)
Carbohydrate
d)
Protein
60.

What is the monomer for proteins?

a)

Amino acid

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Fatty acid

d)

Monosaccharide

61.

Which monomer makes up nucleic acids?

a)

Amino acid

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Fatty acid

d)

Monosaccharide

e)

all of the above

62.

Nucleic acid...

a)

expresses traits by providing genetic material

b)

DNA or RNA

c)

made up of nucleotides

d)

all of the above

e)

none of the above

63.

Which biomolecule is responsible for insulation and energy storage?

a)

insulation

b)

energy storage

c)

makes up cell membrane

d)

fats, steroids and cholesterol

e)

all of the above

64.

Mutations that effect gametes and that will be passed on

to the next generation

a)

can be positive

b)

can be negative

c)

both are true

65.

A point mutation where one nucleotide base replaces an original nucleotide base

a)

Inversion Mutation

b)

Chromosomal Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Substitution Mutation

66.

A nucleotide base is inserted or deleted shifting the entire DNA sequence. Entire protein will be changed.

a)

Substitution Mutation

b)

Silent Mutation

c)

Frameshift Mutation

d)

Translocation

67.

A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base

is removed from the DNA sequence.

a)

Deletion Mutation

b)

Substitution Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Silent Mutation

68.

Part of a chromosome is repeated

a)

Gene Mutation

b)

Point Mutation

c)

Deletion Mutation

d)

Duplication Mutation

69.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
70.
What type of chromosomal mutation has occurred?
a)
substitution
b)
insertion
c)
deletion
d)
nondisjunction
71.
ATTTGAGCC- Original
ATTGAGCC - Mutated
The example above is an example of a 
a)
Insertion- Frameshift
b)
Deletion- Substitution
c)
Deletion -Frameshift
d)
All of the above
72.

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

73.

Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria

74.

What is the purpose for anti-codons?

a)

to ensure the correct amino acid is dropped off

b)

to match the strand of DNA

c)

to decode a sequence of 4 nucleotides into an amino acid

d)

to make me hate biology

75.

TRANSLATE this RNA sequence: AUGCAAUGA

a)

Met-Glu-Stop

b)

Met-His-Stop

c)

Thr-Glu-Stop

d)

Thr-Pro-Stop

76.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
77.

The "central dogma" states that genetic information flows from

a)

Protein-->mRNA-->DNA-->Gene

b)

Protein-->DNA-->mRNA-->Grene

c)

mRNA-->DNA-->Trait-->Protein

d)

Gene-->DNA-->mRNA-->Protein-->Trait

78.

What is the result of transcription?

a)

The synthesis of RNA from protein

b)

The synthesis of protein from RNA

c)

The synthesis of protein from DNA

d)

The synthesis of RNA from DNA

79.

What is the result of translation?

a)

The synthesis of RNA from protein

b)

The synthesis of protein from RNA

c)

The synthesis of protein from DNA

d)

The synthesis of RNA from DNA

80.

At which organelle does translation occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Golgi apparatus

81.
What is the relationship between a protein, the cell, and DNA?
a)
DNA is produced by protein which is produced in the cell
b)
Protein is composed of DNA which is produced in the cell
c)
DNA controls the production of protein in the cell
d)
A cell is composed of DNA and protein
82.
The diagram shows the process of
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Mitosis
83.

The part of the plant

that is generally

under the ground

and in the soil

a)

Reproductive System

b)

Transpiration

c)

Shoot System

d)

Root System

84.

The part of the plant

that is generally above the ground including stems, leaves, buds and reproductive structures

a)

Stem System

b)

Leaf system

c)

Shoot system

d)

Xylem

85.

Vascular tissue (tubes) responsible for the transportation of water and minerals up from the roots and around the plant.

a)

Stomata

b)

Transpiration

c)

Phloem

d)

Xylem

86.

Vascular tissue (tubes) responsible for the transportation of glucose down and around in a plant.

a)

Transpiration

b)

Xylem

c)

Phloem

d)

Root Hairs

87.

Pores under leaves

that allow for transpiration

and gas exchange

a)

Xylem

b)

Stomata

c)

Phloem

d)

Transpiration

88.

The plant hormone response to the

force of gravity

a)

Phototropism

b)

Geotropism

c)

Thigmotropism

d)

Transpiration

89.

_____________________ is a vascular tissue that carries sugars and other foods throughout a plant.

a)

stems

b)

phloem

c)

roots

d)

xylem

90.

___________________________ is growth that happens in organisms in response to light, such as a stem bending toward a light source.

a)

transpiration

b)

gravitropism

c)

phototropism

91.

Which of the following would be the appropriate stimulus and response for geotropism?

a)

Stimulus= Touch; Response= Close leaves

b)

Stimulus= Gravity; Response= roots soil grow down, stem grows up

c)

Stimulus= Light; Response= roots grow toward water

92.

What 2 systems: Absorb and deliver the digested nutrients to the cells

a)

Digestive and muscular

b)

Muscular and lymphatic

c)

Digestive and circulatory

d)

Nervous and skeletal

93.

What 2 systems: Transports white blood cells throughout the body to fight disease

a)

Excretory and nervous

b)

Circulatory and immune

c)

Respiratory and nervous

d)

Digestive and immune

94.

What 2 systems: Allow organs to contract and push food through

a)

Muscular and Skeletal

b)

Excretory and Muscular

c)

Endocrine and Muscular

d)

Muscular and Digestive

95.

endocrine

a)

hormones

b)

blood

c)

urine

d)

sweat

96.

What 2 systems: Diaphragm controls breathing

a)

Circulatory and Endocrine

b)

Respiratory and Muscular

c)

Muscular and Skeletal

d)

Circulatory and Respiratory

97.

circulatory system

a)

transports nutrients

b)

releases hormones

c)

builds muscle

d)

produces gametes

98.

what is an organ of the Integumentary system

a)

skin

b)

brain

c)

bones

d)

muscle

99.

What systems do neurons depend on to be able to conduct cellular respiration (a process that has the key ingredients of oxygen and glucose)?

a)

excretory, digestive, circulatory

b)

musculoskeletal, nervous, respiratory

c)

nervous, excretory, digestive

d)

respiratory, digestive, circulatory

100.
These two systems work together to maintain homeostasis
a)
Digestive and immune
b)
Nervous and endocrine
c)
Skeletal and muscular
d)
Reproductive and excretory
101.
A red flowered plant (RR) breeds with a White flowered plant (WW). The gene for petal color in these plants expresses incomplete dominance.  What percentage of the offspring will have pink (RW) flowers?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
102.

what genotype is 2

a)

Gg

b)

gg

c)

boy

d)

girl

103.

The image shows the pattern of inheritance for colorblindness. What percent of males will have the condition

a)

25% XY

b)

50% XY

c)

100% XX

d)

50% XX

104.

If a woman is a carrier for an X-linked recessive trait of hemophilia and her husband has hemophilia, which of the following is true?

a)

All sons will have hemophilia but daughters would not have hemophilia

b)

all daughters will have hemophilia

c)

50% of daughters and 50% of sons could have hemophilia

d)

100% of sons could have hemophilia and 100% of daughters could be carriers

105.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
106.
W=white hair
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
a)
none
b)
3/4
c)
1/2
d)
all
107.
A dog gives birth to 5 puppies. What percentage of the chromosomes does each puppy share with the mother?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
108.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
109.
Brown fur color is dominant over black fur color. Which of the following is the actual genotype of ALL of the offspring in the next generation of this cross for fur color?
AA x aa
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
brown fur
110.
T4 - Black fur in mice (B) is dominant to brown fur (b). Short tails (T) are dominant to long tails (t). What percentage of the offspring of the cross BbTt x BBtt will have black fur and long tails?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
111.
What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?
a)
AB, AB, aB, aB
b)
Ab, AB, Ab, ab
c)
Ab, Ab, Ab, Ab
d)
AB, aB, ab, aB
112.
Based off this punnett square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds?
a)
9/16
b)
3/16
c)
1/16
d)
16/16
113.

In Holstein cattle the allele for black hair color (B) is dominant over the allele for red hair

color (b), and the allele for polled (P), or lacking horns, is dominant over the allele for having

horns (p).


What is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring of a BbPp × BbPp cross if these alleles

sort independently?

a)

16 black/polled : 0 black/horned : 0 red/polled : 0 red/horned

b)

12 black/polled : 0 black/horned : 0 red/polled : 4 red/horned

c)

4 black/polled : 4 black/horned : 4 red/polled : 4 red/horned

d)

9 black/polled : 3 black/horned : 3 red/polled : 1 red/horned

114.

Facial dimples and free earlobes are both considered dominant human traits. What are the

expected phenotypes of the offspring of a female with dimples and free earlobes (DDFf) and a

male with no dimples and attached earlobes (ddff)?

a)

50% with dimples and free earlobes and 50% with dimples and attached earlobes

b)

50% with dimples and free earlobes and 50% with no dimples and attached earlobes

c)

75% with dimples and free earlobes and 25% with no dimples and attached earlobes

d)

75% with dimples and attached earlobes and 25% with no dimples and free earlobes

115.
If two parents are heterozygous for type A blood, what is the probability that their offspring would have type O blood?
a)
100 %
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
116.

A father has type AB blood and the mother has type O. What percentage of their offspring would you expect to have?

a)

Type A, 25%, Type B 25%, Type AB 25%, Type O 25%

b)

Type A 50%, Type B 25%, Type AB 25%, Type O 50%

c)

Type A blood 50%, Type B 50%, Type AB 0%, Type O Blood 0%

d)

Type A blood 100%

117.

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red is dominant to white. What is the sex and eye color of flies with the following genotype: X R X R ?

a)

male with red eyes

b)

female with red eyes

c)

male with white eyes

d)

female with white eyes

118.

What are the genotypes of these flies:


white eyed, male ?

a)

X R X r

b)

X R X R

c)

Xr X r

d)

X r Y

e)

XR Y

119.

In a cross between a pure red eyed female and a white eyed male, what would the genotypes of the parents be?

a)

XRXr with XR Y

b)

XRXr with Xr Y

c)

XRXR with XR Y

d)

XRXR with Xr Y

e)

XrXr with Xr Y

120.
Which organism in the table is least closely related to the chimpanzee?
a)
human
b)
grey wolf
c)
tiger snake
d)
monarch butterfly
121.
Which organism in the table shown is most closely related to the common dolphin?
a)
human
b)
killer whale
c)
giant kelp
d)
bat star
122.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

a)

water and carbon dioxide

b)

oxygen and glucose

c)

oxygen and carbon dioxide

123.

The reactants of photosynthesis are

a)

sugar and water

b)

sugar and oxygen

c)

carbon dioxide and water

d)

carbon dioxide and oxygen

124.
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
a)
Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
b)
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
c)
Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
d)
Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
125.

Which of the following best describes photosynthesis?

a)

Photosynthesis converts solar/radiant energy into chemical energy.

b)

Photosynthesis produces carbohydrates.

c)

Plants need sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, nutrients, and chlorophyll to complete photosynthesis.

d)

Plants use chlorophyll, water, and carbon dioxide to make sugar.

126.

What organelle is responsible for making energy for the cell?

a)

mitochondria

b)

vacuole

c)

ER

d)

all of the above

127.

what do proteins do

a)

express a trait

b)

give structure

c)

move large materials in and out of the cell

d)

All of the above

128.

what genotype is 4

a)

Gg

b)

gg

c)

boy

d)

girl

129.

What is the purpose of an enzyme?

a)

lower energy

b)

break down

c)

speed up reactions

d)

all of the above

130.

What is a tumor

a)

unregulated cell growth

b)

Normal cell growth

c)

A protein

d)

A cell cycle