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Heredity Unit Review

Total questions: 72

Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Heredity is the passing of traits from _____________________ to _____________________
a)
predators to prey
b)
water to rain
c)
parents to offspring
d)
fungi to protists
2.
This trait is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present
a)
dominant allele
b)
codominance
c)
recessive allele
d)
Punnett Square
3.
When alleles are neither dominant nor recessive (As a result, both alleles are expressed in the offspring.).
a)
codominance
b)
probability
c)
recessive allele
d)
Punnett Square
4.
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait (hybrid)
a)
fertilization
b)
genotype
c)
homozygous
d)
heterozygous
5.
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait (purebred)
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
homozygous
d)
heterozygous
6.
The trait that covers up the other trait and is written as an uppercase letter is called the
a)
Dominant Trait
b)
Homozygous Trait
c)
Recessive Trait
d)
Heterozygous Trait
7.
This scientist was responsible for studying heredity in Austria in the 1800s...
a)
Einstein
b)
Mendel
c)
Punnett
d)
Watson
8.
In plants, tall (T) is dominant to short (t). Perform the following cross: Tt x Tt. What is the probability of producing a short plant?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
9.
What is the probability of heterozygous offspring?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
0%
d)
100%
10.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
11.
If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?
a)
sex-linked trait
b)
polygenic trait
c)
codominant trait
d)
incomplete dominance trait
12.

This is an example of ___________?

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Multiple Alleles

d)

Polygenic Inheritance

13.

This is an example of ___________.

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Multiple Alleles

d)

Polygenic Inheritance

14.

What type of inheritance do two alleles have if their traits blend together?

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Complete dominance

d)

Sex-Linked

15.

A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Complete dominance

d)

Multiple Alleles

16.

Both traits expressed TOGETHER (not blended)

a)

Codominance

b)

Incomplete Dominance

c)

Mendelian trait

d)

Sex-linked

17.

Many genes determine 1 trait (ex: skin color)

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Polygenic

c)

Codominance

d)

Multiple alleles

18.
For an XX female to express a recessive sex-linked trait, she must have....
a)
two recessive alleles
b)
a Y chromosome 
c)
one recessive allele
d)
two dominant alleles
19.

Human height occurs in a continuous range because it is affected by the interaction of many genes, making it a(n)

a)

autosomal trait

b)

polygenic trait

c)

codominant trait

d)

sex-linked trait

20.

A man with type A blood marries a woman with Type AB blood. Based on what you know about blood types, what is the only blood type not possible for their children?

a)

A

b)

O

c)

AB

d)

B

21.
The 23rd pair of chromosomes that differ in males and females are called___.
a)
autosomes
b)
sex chromosomes
c)
multiple alleles
d)
polygenic
22.

There are no carriers for Huntington's Disease- you either have it or you don't. Is Huntington's disease autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive?

a)

Dominant

b)

Recessive

23.
This pedigree represents the inheritance of hemophilia in this family. How many of the females have the hemophilia trait?
a)
8
b)
5
c)
2
d)
3
24.
Does this pedigree show a dominant or recessive trait?
a)
Dominant
b)
Recessive
25.
If this pedigree shows an autosomal recessive disorder, what MUST the genotype of individual II-3 be?
a)
HH
b)
Hh
c)
hh
d)
None of the above
26.

Hemophilia is a recessive sex-linked trait. If H = normal & h = has hemophilia, which genotype represents a male with hemophilia.

a)

XHY

b)

XHXh

c)

XhXh

d)

XhY

27.
Why do all the daughters in Generation II carry the colorblind gene?
a)
Because mom passed on the gene.
b)
Because dad passed on the X chromosome.
c)
Because their brother has it.
d)
Because their brother gave it to them.
28.

What is the mode of inheritance shown here?

a)

Autosomal Recessive

b)

Sex-Linked

c)

Autosomal Dominant

29.

Colorblindness is a recessive, X chromosome sex-link disorder. Cross the parents to figure out which percentage of their offspring will be colorblind.

a)

25%

b)

0%

c)

75%

d)

50%

30.

Which term is correctly matched with the description?

a)

Co-dominance occurs when two traits blend together to form a new phenotype.

b)

Human skin color is an example of codominant trait.

c)

Incomplete dominance occurs when traits blend producing a third phenotype.

d)

Human blood type is not an example of multiple alleles.

31.

There are more right-handed people in the world.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

law of Independent Assortment

32.

One gene for the type of earlobes a person will have will be in each gamete.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Independent Assortment

c)

Law of Segregation

33.

Which of Mendel's laws states that alleles are separated during meiosis?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

34.

Which of Mendel's laws states that alleles are distributed to gametes independent of one another?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

35.

If a dominant allele is present, the trait will always appear in the organism.

a)

Law of Segregation

b)

Law of Dominance

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

36.

An allele is

a)

a specific version of a gene

b)

a mutated gene

c)

a frequently occurring gene

d)

a chromosome abnormality

37.
Using the dihybrid cross and key provided, what is the probability of the offspring being tall and white?
a)
9
b)
2
c)
3
d)
6
38.
In flowers, purple color is dominant to pink and short is dominant to tall. Cross a flower that is heterozygous for both traits with another flower that is pink and tall. What is the percentage of the flowers being pink and short?
a)
75%
b)
25%
c)
4
d)
1/2
39.
Based off this punnett square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds?
a)
9/16
b)
3/16
c)
1/16
d)
16/16
40.
Assume dad's gametes are on top, what is his genotype?
a)
AAPP
b)
AaPp
c)
aaPP
d)
Aapp
41.
Assume mom's gametes are on the left, what is her genotype?
a)
TTZz
b)
TtZz
c)
ttZZ
d)
TtZZ
42.

Which term(s) best describes the inheritance of human blood types?

a)

incomplete dominance and multiple alleles

b)

codominance and epistasis

c)

codominance and multiple alleles

d)

incomplete dominance and codominance

43.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

44.

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Substitution

b)

Insertion

c)

Inversion

d)

Translocation

45.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
46.

ATT-TGA-GCC- Original

ATT-GAG-CC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Insertion- Frameshift

b)

Deletion- Substitution

c)

Deletion -Frameshift

d)

All of the above

47.

DNA molecule segment is : TTA-CGC-AAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTC-GCA-AG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Inversion

48.

Original DNA: CAT GAT CCA

New DNA: CAT TGA TCC A

What mutation occurred?

a)

deletion

b)

substitution

c)

tranverse

d)

insertion

49.

What type of gene mutation has occurred here? Normal-

AGA-TTC-ATA-GCG

Mutant-

AGA-TTC-AAT-AGC-G

a)

deletion frameshift

b)

insertion frameshift

c)

substitution

d)

nonsense

50.

Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

a)

They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

b)

They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

c)

They often delete things that organisms need.

d)

Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

51.

What would you call the failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during meiosis?

a)

nondisjunction

b)

anaphase I

c)

nondiploidy

d)

karyotype

52.
What situation causes a translocation?
a)
Part of the chromosome is missing
b)
Part of the chromosome is attached backwards
c)
Part of the chromosome breaks off and attaches to a different chromosome
d)
Part of a chromosome is duplicated 
53.
What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?
a)
AB, AB, aB, aB
b)
Ab, AB, Ab, ab
c)
Ab, Ab, Ab, Ab
d)
AB, aB, ab, aB
54.
What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?
a)
aB, ab, AB, Ab
b)
aB, Ab, AB, AB
c)
AB, aB, AB, Ab
d)
aB, ab, aB, ab
55.

In humans, B is the allele for brown eyes and b is the allele for blue eyes. Two brothers both have brown eyes, but one of them has both the B and b  alleles while the other only has B  alleles. Which statement is true about the brothers?

a)

They have the same genotype and phenotype.

b)

They have different phenotypes and genotypes.

c)

They have the same phenotype but different genotypes.

d)

They have the same genotype but different phenotypes.

56.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
57.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
58.
In a dihybrid cross
a)
one trait is crossed.
b)
two traits are crossed.
c)
four boxes are needed for the punnett square.
d)
mom's alleles are dominant.
59.

Circumstance where the expression of one gene is overshadowed by the expression of another independently inherited gene.

a)

multiple alleles

b)

epistasis

c)

polygenic inheritance

d)

codominance

60.
A plant shows incomplete dominance in size. A tall plant (TT) is crossed with a medium plant (TS). What fraction of plants will also be tall?
a)
100 %
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
61.
A roan cow shows co-dominance in fur color (orange and white). What is the phenotype ratio expected if a roan cow and a roan steer mate together?
a)
4: Orange and White
b)
1: Orange : 1 White
c)
2 Orange: 2 Orange and White: 0 White
d)
1: Orange: 2 Orange and White: 1 White
62.
How are Incomplete Dominance and Co Dominance different than a normal Mendelian cross?
a)
There is no difference
b)
The heterozygous genotype has a unique phenotype
c)
There is no heterozygous genotype
d)
There is only one phenotype regardless of genotype.
63.
The haploid number of human chromosomes is
a)
11
b)
12
c)
23
d)
46
64.
Autosomes are
a)
chromosomes found in autotrophs, only
b)
chromosomes that automatically correct all errors in the DNA
c)
chromosomes that determine traits other than sex
d)
chromosomes that determine the sex of the individual
65.

Why is DNA important?

a)

it is very small and very complicated

b)

it's in everything

c)

it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things

d)

because we eat it every day for energy

66.

When an area of a chromatid is exchanged with the matching area on a chromatid of its homologous chromosome, _____ occurs.

a)

crossing over

b)

mutagenesis

c)

hybridization

d)

fertilization

67.

A _______ is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein or RNA molecule.

a)

gene

b)

gamete

c)

chromosome

d)

chromatid

68.
Hemophilia is a recessive x-linked disorder.
Which genotype represents a female who is a carrier for hemophilia?
a)
XHXh
b)
XhXh
c)
XHXH
d)
XhY
69.

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red (R) is dominant to white (r). What is the sex and eye color of flies with the following genotype: X R X r ?

a)

male with white eyes

b)

female with red eyes

c)

male with red eyes

d)

female with white eyes

70.

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red (R) is dominant to white (r). What is the sex and eye color of flies with the following genotype: X R Y ?

a)

male with white eyes

b)

female with white eyes

c)

male with red eyes

d)

female with red eyes

71.

This laboratory procedure is known as

a)

CLONING

b)

gel electrophoresis

c)

chromatography

d)

use of a dichotomous key

72.

The parents of a new baby believe they brought the wrong child home from the hospital. Gel electrophoresis was performed using DNA samples from the parents and the child. A section of the gel

electrophoresis results is shown below. Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results?

a)

They have the correct child, because her genetic information is identical to that of the father.


b)

They have the wrong child, because her genetic information does not match that of either parent.

c)

They have the correct child, because her genetic information came from both parents.


d)

They have the wrong child, because her genetic information matches only that of the mother.

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