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Cell Structure and Function

Total questions: 109

Worksheet time: 2hrs 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the function of the cell membrane?

a)

Produces ATP

b)

Produces proteins and lipids

c)

Keep the organelles in place

d)

Control what enters and leaves the cell

2.
Where is DNA stored in a cell? 
a)
Lysosomes
b)
Golgi Complex
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Nucleus
3.
What is the fluid inside a cell called? 
a)
Endoplasimic Reticulum
b)
Orange Juice
c)
Water
d)
Cytoplasm
4.
This organelle helps plants keep their rigid structure. 
a)
Cell wall
b)
Cell membrane
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Nucleus
5.
This organelle turns the light energy into a simple sugar. 
a)
Mitochondria
b)
ER
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Nucleus
6.
This organelle makes proteins. 
a)
Cell membrane
b)
Nucleus
c)
Ribosome
d)
ER
7.
Using this image, what organelle is N?
a)
Centrioles
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Golgi Apparatus
d)
Ribosome
8.
Using this image, what organelle is C?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Large Cell Vacuole
d)
Chloroplast
9.
What is the difference between rough and smooth ER?
a)
There is no difference.
b)
Plants have rough ER, animals have smooth ER.
c)
What type of injuries the Doctors treat.
d)
Rough has ribosomes, smooth does not.
10.
What do plant cells have that animal cells do not?
a)
Phospholipid and bi-layer
b)
Chloroplasts and cell walls
c)
Mitochondria and flagella
d)
cell wall and cell membrane
11.
Which of these would you not find in an animal cell?
a)
cell membrane
b)
cell wall
c)
nucleus
d)
ribosome
12.
Identify letter K.
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
endoplasmic reticulum
d)
golgi apparatus
13.
Identify letter I.
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
cell membrane
d)
cell wall
14.
Identify letter H.
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
golgi complex
d)
cytoplasm
15.
Identify letter B.
a)
golgi apparatus
b)
nucleus
c)
cell wall
d)
vacuole
16.
Identify letter G.
a)
Golgi apparatus
b)
ribosome
c)
cell wall
d)
ER
17.
Which organelle "packages" needed chemicals for the cell?
a)
Ribosome
b)
Lisosome
c)
Vesticle
d)
Golgi Apparatus
18.
Which of the following pairs INCORRECTLY matches a cell structure with its function?
a)
cell membrane: protein synthesis
b)
nucleus: information (DNA) storage
c)
vacuole: storage
d)
chloroplast: energy conversion
19.
Some viruses attack cells by inserting their own DNA into the host cell's DNA. Why might it be simpler for these viruses to attack prokaryotic cells than eukaryotic cells?
a)
prokaryotic cells have less DNA than do eukaryotic cells.
b)
Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
c)
The cell wall in prokaryotic cells is a less effective barrier.
d)
The rapid growth of prokaryotic cells generates more viruses.
20.
Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?
a)
storing genetic information
b)
recycling waste products of the cell
c)
providing a protective barrier
d)
processing and storing proteins
21.
What is an organelle?
a)
Different types of cells
b)
Different parts of a cell
c)
Different types of organisms
d)
Different places that make energy for cell
22.
To convert the energy of glucose into  the  usable form of ATP is a function of _________.
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Nucleus
d)
Mitochondria
23.
To store water, glucose (sugar) materials (building blocks) or wastes is a function of _________.
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Vacuole
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Mitochondria
24.
The clear, jelly-like material in a cell that supports and protects the cell’s organelles.
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Nucleus
d)
Mitochondria
25.
Provides support and protection for the cell while also controlling the movement of materials in and out of the cell.
a)
Cellular Membrane
b)
Nucleus
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Vacuole
26.
The control center of the cell.
a)
Nucleus
b)
Nuclear Membrane
c)
Chloroplasts
d)
Golgi Aparatus
27.
Uses energy from the sun to make food for the plant.
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Chloroplasts
d)
Vacuole
28.
What organelle is called the "powerhouse" of a cell?

a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleolus
29.

This organelle digests dead cell parts and contains enzymes

a)

lysosome

b)

golgi body

c)

smooth ER

d)

Rough ER

30.

Yhis organelle packages and processes proteins

a)

Smooth ER

b)

Rough ER

c)

Golgi body

d)

vacuole

31.

the short hair like structures

a)

flagella

b)

cilia

c)

lysosome

d)

ribosome

32.

Ribosomes are produced here

a)

nucleus

b)

nuclear membrane

c)

nucleolus

d)

chromosomes

33.

long whip like structures used for movement

a)

hair

b)

cilia

c)

flagella

d)

cytoskeleton

34.

This structure is found in plants and is made of cellulose.

a)

chloroplast

b)

cell membrane

c)

cell wall

d)

cytoplasm

35.

2 organelles only found in animal cells

a)

cytoplasm,centriole

b)

centriole,vacuole

c)

centriole,lysosome

d)

lysosome,vacuole

36.

Which letter is the nucleus?

a)

D

b)

E

c)

F

d)

G

37.

Which letter is the nucleolus?

a)

D

b)

E

c)

F

d)

G

38.

Which letter is the smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ?

a)

J

b)

G

c)

H

d)

L

39.

Which letter is the rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ?

a)

J

b)

G

c)

H

d)

L

40.

Which letter is the Golgi Apparatus ?

a)

J

b)

G

c)

H

d)

L

41.

Which letter is ribosomes ?

a)

J

b)

G

c)

H

d)

L

42.

Which letter is the lysosome?

a)

I

b)

J

c)

K

d)

L

43.

Is this a plant cell or an animal cell? Choose all that are correct.

a)

It's a plant cells because it has chloroplasts.

b)

It's an animal cell because it doesn't have a cell wall.

c)

It can't be a plant cell because it has a flagellum.

d)

It can't be a plant cell because it lacks a central vacuole.

44.

What is A?

a)

a tail

b)

a probe

c)

a flagellum.

d)

a defensive mechanism

45.

What are the "X" shaped things?

a)

cytoskeleton

b)

a probe

c)

a flagellum.

d)

a contractile vacuole

46.

Channels proteins to transport vesicles, has attached ribosomes

a)

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

b)

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

c)

Golgi Apparatus

d)

Vesicle

47.

Consists of flattened, membranous sacs; receives transport vesicles from the ER, modifies ER proteins, produces secretory vesicles

a)

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

b)

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

c)

Golgi Apparatus

d)

Lysosome

48.

Membrane bound sacs, larger than vesicles, stores water and dissolved nutrients

a)

vesicle

b)

vacuole

c)

lysosome

d)

perioxsome

49.

Site of protein synthesis; suspended in the cytosol or attached to the ER

a)

Smooth ER

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Nucleolus

d)

Cytoskeleton

50.

Part of the endomembrane system, sacs of enzymes used to digest food and old, worn out cell parts

a)

Peroxisome

b)

Vesicle

c)

Lysosome

d)

Golgi Apparatus

51.

Carries ER products to the Golgi

a)

Transport vesicles

b)

Vacuoles

c)

Smooth ER

d)

Cytoskeleton

52.

Supports the shape of the cell, anchors organelles and serves as a "track" for organelles to move on.

a)

Cytoskeleton

b)

Nuclear Membrane

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Gogli Apparatus

53.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
54.
Which is true about active transport?
a)
It requires energy
b)
it does not require energy
c)
It moves substances down the concentration gradient
d)
it moves material from high to low concentration
55.
The concentration of water is higher in the soil than in plant root cells. Water moves into root cells of a plant by...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
56.
Molecules diffusing with the concentration gradient through a protein channel is...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
57.
In a nerve cell, ATP energy is used to pump sodium (Na) out of the cell and potassium (K) into the cell. This is an example of...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
58.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
59.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
60.
A cell in an isotonic solution will
a)
swell
b)
shrink
c)
stay the same size
d)
impossible to tell
61.
When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution water
a)
moves from the inside of the cell to the solution
b)
moves from the solution to the inside of the cell
c)
moves equally in and out of the cell
d)
none of these
62.
What type of transport is this?
a)
facilitated diffusion
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
63.
Active transport requires ______, moves materials from __________________, and goes _______ the concentration gradient.
a)
No energy, low to high, against
b)
ATP, high to low, with
c)
ATP, low to high, with
d)
ATP, low to high, against
64.
A cell will __________________ in a hypotonic solution.
a)
swell and perhaps burst (lyse)
b)
shrink
c)
the size of the cell will not change
d)
the size of the cell will change from large to small and from small to large
65.
The difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another is called 
a)
diffusion
b)
osmosis
c)
concentration gradient
d)
passive transport
66.
A molecule that diffuses down a concentration gradient goes from an area of ______ concentration into an area of ______ concentration.
a)
high, low
b)
low, high
c)
passive, active
d)
active, passive
67.
Two examples of passive transport are
a)
Earth and Sun
b)
Diffusion and Osmosis
c)
Energy and Wind
d)
None of the above
68.
Which type of cellular transport moves molecules from low concentrations to high concentrations?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Passive Transport
d)
Protein Pumps
69.
What type of transport involves the movement of water from high to low concentrations?
a)
Diffusion
b)
Active Transport
c)
Facilitated Diffusion
d)
Osmosis
70.
What type of solution has more solutes and less water than a cell that it contains?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
None of the Above
71.
A cell with a 5% salt solution is placed into a beaker with a 10% salt solution.  This solution is considered to be _____ to the cell.
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
None of the Above
72.
A cell with a 5% salt solution is placed into a beaker with a 10% salt solution.  What will happen to the cell?
a)
It will shrink
b)
It will swell
c)
No change
d)
Cytolysis
73.
A cell with a 10% salt solution is placed into a beaker with a 40% salt solution.  How will water move?
a)
It will leave the cell
b)
It will enter the cell
c)
It will move in and out equally
d)
There will be no movement
74.
A plant cell with a 20% salt solution is placed into a beaker with a 10% salt solution.  What will happen to the plant cell?
a)
Cytolysis
b)
Plasmolysis
c)
It will shrink
d)
It will swell
75.

In passive transport, substances move across the cell membrane ________ the concentration gradient

a)

AGAINST

b)

ALONG

c)

WITH

d)

BETWEEN

76.

What macromolecule is embedded into the lipid bilayer and helps to transport molecules?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

77.

When material passes into and out of a cell at equal rates and there is no difference in concentration between the inside and outside of the cell, the cell is in a state of...

a)

dynamic equilibrium

b)

diffusion

c)

osmosis

d)

active transport

78.

The movement of materials from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration would require...

a)

glucose

b)

energy (ATP)

c)

fish

d)

chips

79.
The molecule responsible for allowing water to flow across the membrane is:
a)
Glycolipids
b)
Glycoproteins
c)
Aquaporins
d)
Cholesterol
80.
The molecule below that will not easily enter the cell by simple diffusion is:
a)
CO2
b)
O2
c)
Water
d)
Methane
81.
Other common examples of ion pumps include:
a)
Proton (H+) Pumps
b)
Aquaporins
c)
Ionophores
d)
K+ Leak Channels
82.

Identify organelle B

a)

Nucleus

b)

Chromatin

c)

Nucleolus

d)

Centrioles

83.

Identify organelle C

a)

Cytoskeleton

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

84.

Identify organelle D

a)

Cytoskeleton

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

85.

Identify organelle E

a)

Cytoskeleton

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

86.

Identify organelle F

a)

Cytoskeleton

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

87.

Identify organelle G

a)

Ribosome

b)

RER

c)

SER

d)

Golgi

88.

Identify organelle I

a)

Ribosome

b)

RER

c)

SER

d)

Golgi

89.

Identify organelle J

a)

Ribosome

b)

RER

c)

SER

d)

Golgi

90.

Identify organelle M

a)

Lysosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Nucleolus

d)

Chromatin

91.

breaks down glucose to produce energy (ATP) during cellular respiration

a)

mitochondria

b)

nucleus

c)

cytoplasm

d)

chloroplast

92.

detroys worn-out or damaged organelles

gets rid of waste materials and protects the cell from foreign invaders

found mostly in animal cells

a)

lysosome

b)

vacuole

c)

cell wall

d)

golgi body

93.
Which organelle captures sunlight and uses it to make food in plant cells?
a)
nucleus
b)
vacuoles
c)
ribosomes
d)
chloroplast
94.

Which is NOT a role of the cytoskeleton?

a)

Maintain cell shape

b)

Anchor organelles

c)

Movement of the cell

d)

Movement of molecules within a cell

e)

Aides in Protein Synthesis

95.

TRUE OR FALSE:

The microtubules of the cytoskeleton provide motor proteins bound to vesicles a track to travel along.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

96.

Cytoskeletal filaments are polymers of ………

a)

Ribonucleic acid

b)

Protein

c)

Deoxyribonucleic acids

d)

Carbohydrates

97.

These form the basis of the "skeleton" inside the cell.

a)

Cillia

b)

Cytosol

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Microtubles

98.

Which of these are cytoskeleton fibers?

a)

microtubules

b)

intermediate filaments

c)

microfilaments

d)

cytoplasm

e)

microflagella

99.

These are hollow cylinders and are the thickest of the cytoskeleton structures and most commonly made of filaments which are polymers of tubulin.

a)

microtubles

b)

intermeadiate filaments

c)

microfilaments

d)

cytoplasm

100.

These are made of two thin actin chains that are twisted around one another. They are found in almost every cell, and are numerous in muscle cells and in cells that move by changing shape

a)

microtubles

b)

intermeadiate filaments

c)

microfilaments

d)

cytoplasm

101.

These organize the inside structure of the cell by holding organelles and providing strength. They are also structural components of the nuclear envelope. Some are made of the protein keratin are found in skin, hair, and nails cells.

a)

microtubles

b)

intermeadiate filaments

c)

microfilaments

d)

cytoplasm

102.
What is one major difference between passive and active transport?
a)
Passive transport uses energy; active transport does not.
b)
Both types of transport use energy.
c)
Active transport uses energy; passive transport does not.
d)
No difference. They are both the same.
103.

Which part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?

a)

The head

b)

The tails

c)

Only one tail

d)

The heart

104.
What type of transport is this?
a)
facilitated diffusion
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
105.

Which molecule is in equilibrium? How can you tell?

a)

Molecule A; equal amounts inside and outside

b)

Molecule B; passive movement into the cell

c)

Molecule C; equal amounts inside and outside

d)

Molecule C; all molecules are inside the cell

106.

Active transport is the movement of large materials across a cell membrane from ______ to ______ concentration

a)

high to low

b)

low to high

c)

high to high

d)

low to low

107.

What condition causes for the vacuole to fill with water?

a)

There is a higher concentration of water outside of the cell than inside the cell.

b)

The temperature of water inside the cell is higher than outside the cell.

c)

There is a lower concentration of water outside the cell than inside the cell.

d)

The temperature of water outside the cell is higher than outside the cell.

108.

In the winter, salt is scattered across the roads. The salt sometimes makes its way to plants on the side of the road. These plants usually die shortly after this happens. Why?

a)

The solute concentration is higher outside the cells than inside, causing the water to move out of the cells.

b)

The solute concentration is higher inside the cells than outside, causing the water to move out of the cells.

c)

The solute concentration is higher outside the cells than inside, causing the salt to move into the cells.

d)

The solute concentration is higher inside the cells than outside, causing the salt to move into the cells.

109.

Why is the solution side of the u-tube going to rise?

a)

Water moves from a lower concentration of water to a higher concentration of water.

b)

The solutes from the solution side are going to move to the pure solvent side.

c)

The amount of water and solute is the same on both sides of the membrane.

d)

Water moves from a higher concentration of water to a lower concentration of water.

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