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Astronomy A Final

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 8hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The study of the origin, composition, and eventual fate of the universe is called _____.

a)

astronomy

b)

astrology

c)

cosmology

d)

vulcanology

2.

The universe began as a singular ultimately dense point in space-time that hyper-inflated.

a)

True

b)

False

3.

Evidence for the Big Bang Theory includes ____.

a)

Blue-shifted Galaxies

b)

the formation of Earth.

c)

cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB)

d)

satellite discoveries.

4.

Edwin Hubble discovered that all _____ are rushing away from each other (Hubble's Law).

a)

galaxies

b)

stars

c)

planets

d)

space-time

5.

The detection of _____ provided direct evidence for a violent beginning to the universe.

a)

radio galaxies

b)

the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation

c)

Seyfert galaxies

d)

the earliest stars

6.
Which of the following is evidence of the Big Bang Theory?
a)
Cavemen heard a loud bang at the beginning of time.
b)
The universe isn't moving
c)
The universe is expanding
d)
The universe is getting smaller
7.
What is the CMBR
a)
The shape of the universe
b)
The first primordial elements
c)
Red shifted galaxies
d)
Leftover heat from the Big Bang 
8.
What is the percentage of Hydrogen in the Universe?
a)
 0.10% 
b)
8%
c)
91.90%
d)
100%
9.
Which of the following statements best summarizes the presence of matter in the universe?
a)
There are more metal elements in the universe than nonmetals.
b)
All elements exist in an equal amount throughout the universe.
c)
There are more heavy elements than light elements.
d)
There are more light elements than heavy elements.
10.
How did the discovery of Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation support the Big Bang Theory?
a)
It suggests that Hydrogen and Helium were the first elements to form.
b)
It confirms the age of the Earth to be around 5 billion years old.
c)
It supports the idea that the universe used to be hotter.
d)
It demonstrates that the universe continues to expand.
11.
What can we conclude from the observation that nearly all galaxies are moving away from us?
a)
Massive black holes are drawing galaxies away from Earth.
b)
The Sun and Earth are located at the center of the universe.
c)
Everything in the universe is moving the same direction.
d)
The once-smaller universe is expanding in all directions.
12.
Which of the following is the best description of the Big Bang Theory?
a)
The Big Bang Theory is the prevailing model about the universe’s origin and is supported by observations of the universe’s expansion.
b)
The Big Bang Theory is just one of the ideas about the universe’s origin, many of which are equally respected by the scientific community.
c)
The Big Bang Theory states that pre-existing matter was compacted into a hot and dense form and suddenly exploded into infinite, empty space.
d)
The Big Bang Theory is the scientific explanation of how the Sun, Earth, and the rest of the Solar System were formed at the beginning of time.
13.

Light emitted from a star or galaxy can be separated into a band of colors, called a ________.

a)

Red Shift

b)

Wave Length

c)

Spectrum

d)

Microwave

14.

As galaxies move away from our galaxy

a shift on the electromagnetic spectrum

(EMS) is noticed. This phenomena is

called _____________.

a)

redshift

b)

blueshift

c)

unshift

d)

blackshift

15.
What happens if you reverse the galaxy motion and go back in time?
a)
Everything must have been condensed into one extremely dense point
b)
Everything would still be where it is today
c)
Some things would remain, some would have moved back
d)
Nobody has a clue
16.

The change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the wave source.

a)

Doppler Effect

b)

wMap

c)

Big Bang

d)

Cosmic Background Radiation

17.
In the diagram given, what happens as we move to the left?
a)
Stars Get Larger
b)
Stars get Colder
c)
Stars get hotter
18.
Which of these stars is hottest?
a)
Red Star
b)
Yellow Star
c)
Orange Star
d)
Blue Star
19.
Which star is the coldest?
a)
Yellow Star
b)
Red Star
c)
Orange Star
d)
Blue Star
20.
Which category is our Sun located in?
a)
White Dwarfs
b)
Supergiants
c)
Main Sequence
d)
Giants
21.
The category that contains the most stars is...
a)
Main Sequence
b)
Supergiants
c)
Giants
22.
As a whole, Giants are considered hotter than White Dwarfs.
a)
True
b)
False
23.
Red stars are the _____________.
a)
hottest
b)
coolest
c)
biggest
d)
brightest
24.
Blue stars are the _____________.
a)
hottest
b)
coolest
c)
smallest
25.
Look at the H-R diagram. Which star is
sort of cool, dim (not too much light), and red?
a)
Betelguse
b)
Sirius B
c)
Procyon B
d)
Barnard's star
26.
Which star has the lowest temperature?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
27.
Which spectral class does our star, the sun, belong to?
a)
M
b)
K
c)
G
d)
F
28.

What is the correct order of spectral class - from hottest to coolest?

a)

B F G K O A M

b)

O B A F G K M

c)

M K G F A B O

29.

A, D, and E are all on the main sequence. What are they fusing in their cores?

a)

H into He

b)

H and He into Li

c)

He into C

30.

What objects are found at C?

a)

Blue giants

b)

Red giants

c)

White dwarfs

d)

Main sequence stars

31.
The HR Diagram shows a relationship of a star's surface temperature and its
a)
color
b)
size
c)
apparent magnitude
d)
absolute magnitude
32.

Stars are formed from big clouds of gas and dust is known as:

a)

dust cloud

b)

space fog

c)

neutron clouds

d)

nebulae

33.

The only force acting on the nebulae is:

a)

thermal expansion

b)

singularities

c)

gravity

d)

microscopic adhesion

34.

A star is born when:

a)

nuclear fusion starts

b)

a nebula becomes a protostar

c)

gases in a nebula condense

d)

hydrogen is used up in fusion processes

35.

Once star has ignited and has used up all of the hydrogen are called:

a)

Neutron Star

b)

White Dwarfs

c)

Red Giants

d)

Black Holes

36.

When the core of a Red Giant collapses it becomes a:

a)

White Dwarf

b)

Supernova

c)

Red Supergiant

d)

Black Hole

37.

When a massive star begins to cool and expand it is known as a:

a)

Black Dwarf

b)

Red Giant

c)

Red Supergiant

d)

White Dwarf

38.

When the core of a Red Supergiant collapses, a bright event occurs, known as:

a)

white dwarf

b)

supernova

c)

big bang

d)

black hole

39.

After a supernova, the core can collapse into a neutron star, or if massive enough it can become a:

a)

Black Hole

b)

White Dwarf

c)

Red Supergiant

d)

Black Dwarf

40.

When a Red Giant's outer atmosphere drifts away it is now known as:

a)

planetary cloud

b)

White dwarf cloud

c)

planetary nebula

d)

expanding nebula

41.

One possible outcome that is left after a supernova is a super dense core called a:

a)

Neutron Star

b)

White Dwarf

c)

Red Giant

d)

Black Dwarf

42.

A black hole is black because:

a)

there is nothing in it

b)

it is too small to see

c)

it is inherently evil

d)

even light cannot escape its gravity

43.

When a nebula condenses and takes on a shape it is called:

a)

a red supergiant

b)

a black hole

c)

a white dwarf

d)

a protostar

44.
Why won't our sun ever become a black hole?
a)
It is too massive
b)
It is too old
c)
It is too young
d)
It is too small
45.
The layer of the sun that is seen from Earth and blocks all other layers
a)
Core
b)
Corona
c)
Photosphere
d)
Prominence
46.

What protects Earth from solar winds?

a)

The poles

b)

The moon's gravity

c)

The magnetic field and the atmosphere

d)

The tidal range

47.
What causes aurora borealis or northern lights?
a)
The Corona
b)
Prominences
c)
Sunspots
d)
Solar Flares
48.
These are monitored to determine the rotation rate of the sun
a)
Solar flares
b)
Prominences
c)
Corona
d)
Sunspots
49.
What are large loops on the surface of the sun that release a large amount of energy? 
a)
Corona
b)
Photosphere
c)
Sunspiots
d)
Prominences
50.

Energy fro the core passes through the ____ zone, then the _____ zone before reaching the surface.

a)

convection, radiation

b)

photosphere, chromosphere

c)

radiation, convection

d)

radiation, photosphere

51.

The _____ is the single largest part of the Sun's atmosphere and extends millions of Km into space.

a)

chromosphere

b)

photosphere

c)

exosphere

d)

corona

52.

Charged particles continuously escape from the corona and move through the solar system as

a)

space debris.

b)

charged particles.

c)

solar storms

d)

solar wind

53.

Surface features on the Sun include sunspots, which are hotter and brighter than the surface.

a)

True

b)

False

54.

Sunspots appear & disappear over several days, weeks or months and usually

a)

reappear on the other side.

b)

increase or decrease in cycles.

c)

not come back.

d)

behave like magnetic solar storms or flares.

55.

Sunspots are related to several other features on the Sun including

a)

prominences.

b)

the corona.

c)

the main magnetic field.

d)

flares.

56.

Prominences are huge arching columns of gas that are associated with intense magnetic fields

a)

caused by solar flares.

b)

originating from the core.

c)

created by the chromosphere.

d)

caused by sunspots.

57.

Coronal mass ejections (CME's) occur during solar max activity and can cause

a)

great damage to life on Earth.

b)

satellites to malfunction.

c)

mass power outages on Earth.

d)

mass hysteria on Earth.

58.

CME's form as magnetic fields above sunspot groups and can also trigger events on Earth such as

a)

ice ages.

b)

colorful auroras.

c)

dangerous radiation spikes.

d)

thunderstorms and lightning.

59.

Using the Bright-Line Spectra above, which elements are in the mixture?

a)

Elements A & D

b)

Elements Z & X

c)

Elements A & X

d)

Elements A & Z

60.

What is the Speed of Light?

4 lines
61.

Who is the BEST Science Teacher at Central High School

Be careful with this one. There is only 1 true answer.

a)

Mr. Beach

b)

The Teacher in Room 107

c)

Both A & B

62.
What is a photon?
a)
When radiation burst through electric waves
b)
The emission of electrons from a metal caused by light striking the metal
c)
The rate at which a waves energy flows through a given unit of area.
d)
packets of electromagnetic energy
63.
What happens to the energy of a photon as the frequency of the wave increases? 
a)
The energy increases
b)
The energy decreases
c)
The energy stays the same 
64.
The number of wavelengths that pass a point each per second is:
a)
frequency
b)
period
c)
longitudinal 
d)
transverse wave 
65.
When the frequency of a wave increases, what happens to the wavelength?
a)
The wavelength is not directly affected by the frequency of a wave.
b)
The wavelength increases.
c)
The wavelength decreases.
d)
More specific information is needed to form a conclusion about the wavelength.
66.

Select the correct order of waves on the EMS from the highest frequency to the lowest frequency

a)

Radio, Micro, Infra, Visible, Ultra, X-ray, Gamma

b)

Gamma, X-ray, Ultra, Vis, Infra, Micro, Radio

c)

Vis, Micro, Infra, Ultra, X-ray, Gamma, Radio

d)

Micro, Radio, Vis, Infra, Ultra, X-ray, Gamma

67.

I am made of lots of gas and dust.

Usually Forming many new stars, but with no structure.

Might be the result of galaxies colliding

What am I?

a)

Irregular

b)

Spiral

c)

Elliptical

68.
What type of galaxy is the Milky Way?
a)
Elliptical Galaxy
b)
Spiral Galaxy
c)
Irregular Galaxy
69.

This type of galaxy is active, young galaxy with a black hole at their center

a)

elliptical

b)

quasar

c)

spiral

d)

irregular

70.

What type of galaxy is this?

a)

Spiral

b)

Elliptical

c)

Irregular

71.

What type of galaxy is this?

a)

Spiral

b)

Elliptical

c)

Irregular

72.

Objects found in space that are hot balls of burning gas are called:

a)

Meteors

b)

Asteroids

c)

Stars

d)

Comets

73.

Which description is considered most accurate regarding what actually happened during the Big Bang?

a)

Two galaxies collided causing an immense explosion as stars crashed into one another

b)

All of what would become the universe was concentrated in a single small point, or singularity, which rapidly expanded into what is now stars, planets, galaxies, matter, and energy.

c)

All matter emerged from a massive black hole at the center of the universe.

d)

Parts of the sun were ripped off by massive internal explosions and were thrown into space where they cooled to become other things, like plants, comets, and other galaxies.

74.
Which of the following is NOT true about the Big Bang Theory?
a)
It is the scientific explanation of how life began on Earth and evolved over time.
b)
It is the scientific explanation for the origin of the universe.
c)
It states that the universe expanded from a single point and is still expanding today.
d)
It states that the universe used to be much hotter and smaller.
75.

Who first discovered the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation?

a)

Isaac Newton

b)

Albert Einstein

c)

Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson

d)

Stephen Hawking

76.

This geometrically derived unit equals about 3.26 light years

a)

Astronomical Unit

b)

Light year

c)

Parsec

d)

Light second

77.

An object at the other end of the universe is billions of ___________ away.

a)

AUs

b)

Light seconds

c)

Light minutes

d)

Light years

78.
What constellation is this?
a)
Pegasus
b)
Andromeda
c)
Hercules
d)
Cassiopeia
79.
Near the poles, the stars appear to rotate in a circle in the sky and never set.
a)
True
b)
False
80.

About how many kilometres are in one Light Year?

a)

1.46 trillion km

b)

3.46 trillion km

c)

6.46 trillion km

d)

9.46 trillion km

e)

12.46 trillion km

81.

Which of the following describes parallax?

a)

It is best measured over exactly one year intervals.

b)

It is inversely proportional to the distance to the star.

c)

It was first observed by Galileo with his new telescope.

d)

It is only applicable to objects within the solar system.

e)

It is more accurate as the distances to objects become greater.

82.

A star with a large parallax:

a)

is at a short distance from Earth.

b)

is moving at a great speed with respect to Earth.

c)

is at a great distance from Earth.

d)

is moving at a slow speed with respect to Earth.

e)

is not moving with respect to Earth.

83.

The distance between the earth and the sun is referred to as-

a)

a LY

b)

an AU

c)

a km

d)

a parsec

e)

a kiloparsec

84.

How many kilometres are in one Astronomical Unit?

a)

149,610,000 million km

b)

93,610,000 million km

c)

80,610,000 million km

d)

47,000,000 million km

e)

1,000,000 million km

85.

Which of the following is true regarding constellations?

a)

Have only been known to exist the last 100 years

b)

Most of the stars in a constellation are separated by huge distances

c)

Are named after Roman gods only

d)

Every visible dot of light is a star

e)

They are stationary and will always appear the way they do today

86.
The constellation pattern may take the shape of an ___, ___, ____, ___, or object such as a crown or compass.
a)
planets, stars, animals, people
b)
stars, animals, people, man
c)
man, animals, stars, planets
d)
animal, mythological creature, man, woman, 
87.
Constellations may be only visible during certain seasons due to the Earth’s orbit around the____.  
a)
Earth
b)
Mars
c)
Planets
d)
sun
88.
What constellation is this?
a)
Ursa Major
b)
Ursa Minor
c)
Leo
d)
Big Dipper
89.
What constellation is this?
a)
Draco
b)
Ursa Minor
c)
Corona Borealis
d)
Cepheus
90.

An astronomical unit is...

a)

The average distance between the Earth and the Sun

b)

The average distance between the Sun and Neptune

c)

The diameter of the sun

d)

The time it takes light to travel across our solar system

91.

The distance that light can travel in a year is called....

a)

A light second

b)

A light minute

c)

A light month

d)

A light year

92.

A light year is approximately.....

a)

59,987,812 kilometers

b)

8,522,846,507 kilometers

c)

9,460,730,472,581 kilometres

d)

377,160,825,209,412,592 kilometers

93.

This effect is described as a common psychological phenomenon whereby individuals give high accuracy ratings to descriptions of their personality that supposedly are tailored specifically to them, that are in fact vague and general enough to apply to a wide range of people.

a)

The Beach Effect

b)

The Kepler Effect

c)

The Barnum Effect

d)

The Oprah Effect

94.

Which of the following is an example of a Barnum statement?

a)

"You're a person who is prone to bouts of self-examination and have a tendency to be critical of yourself."

b)

"Your life will end in a tragic accident today."

c)

"At 11:54 pm you will receive an important call from a loved one."

d)

"You will meet your soulmate today and form a satisfying relationship that will last the rest of your life."

95.

Astrology fails as a scientific hypothesis because

a)

there is no mechanism or known way that it could possibly work

b)

it is already known that the stars and planets exert influence on our lives

c)

there was no understanding of gravity or light at the time astrology was developed

d)

it is already an accepted scientific theory

96.

Today, constellations are most useful to astronomers because they help them

a)

point to and identify specific parts of the sky

b)

name objects that are discovered within them

c)

predict future events for people on the Earth

d)

write horoscopes

97.

Which of the following are considered to be problems with modern astrology?

a)

There is no known mechanism or way it could work

b)

Published horoscopes are inconsistent and vague

c)

New planets have been discovered since ancient times

d)

The movement of the Earth has changed the dates for when the Sun passes through the Zodiac constellations

e)

Scientific studies have not shown any evidence for the accuracy of astrological predictions

98.

The speed of light is (a)  

99.

What are the inner layers of the Sun?

a)

Core, Radiative zone, and Convection zone.

b)

Crust, mantle, and core.

c)

Core, Photosphere, and Radiative Zone.

d)

The Sun doesn't have inner layers.

100.

What are the outer layers of the Sun?

a)

The Sun has only inner layers.

b)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, and Corona.

c)

Core, Radiative zone, and Convection zone.

d)

Crest, Corona, Mantle.

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