WorksheetsQuiz #4 Review
Total questions: 118
Worksheet time: 2hrs 58mins
Natural selection is the process that passes down ____________________ traits.
Same
Old
Useless
Favorable
A mistake or change that occurs in the DNA sequence is called a ______________________.
Extinction
Speciation
Mutation
Genetic Variation
When there is a difference in population based on genes, it is said to be a _______________.
Mutation
Speciation
Extinction
Genetic Variation
A population of rabbits grows rapidly from one year to the next. Then one year, a disease strikes approximately one fourth of the adult rabbits. The disease remains with the population in the years that follow.
As explained by Darwin’s theory, which of these conditions allows the rabbit population to evolve by natural selection?
The disease affects adult and juvenile rabbits equally.
The disease reduces the ability of the rabbits to reproduce.
Some rabbits are resistant to the disease, and they pass the resistance to their offspring.
No rabbits are resistant to the disease, and all die when the disease strikes them.
The graphs below show the changes in crab color at one beach.
Which of the following is most likely to have caused the change in the distribution?
A new predator arrived that preferred dark-tan crabs.
A new predator arrived that preferred light-tan crabs.
A change in beach color made medium-tan crabs the least visible to predators.
A change in beach color made medium-tan crabs the most visible to predators.
The figure shows how natural selection of a single-trait gene affects lizard survival.
Which of the following most likely causes the changes in allele distribution?
The allele for light gray coloration disappears from the population. This may be because light gray lizards are more visible to predators and therefore they might be less likely to survive and reproduce.
The allele for black coloration decreases fitness and becomes less common. This may be because black coloration keeps the lizards cool during hot summer temperatures.
Medium gray coloration in lizards appears to be a neutral mutant allele that allows the lizards to hide better from predators. This leads to increases in phenotype and allele frequency of gray coloration.
Because black and medium gray lizards are less visible to predators, these alleles are neutral to natural selection and therefore will not disappear from the population of lizards.
Grass plants in a population range in height from 6 cm to 25 cm. The short plants receive little sunlight, and the tall plants are eaten by grazing animals. Which statement best describes the effect of natural selection on the grasses?
Because average height grass plants are favored, stabilizing natural selection is occurring.
Because average height grass plants are favored, disruptive natural selection is occurring.
Because tall grass plants are favored by the animals that eat grass, directional selection is occurring.
Because short and tall grass plants are favored, normal natural selection is occurring.
What is the most likely explanation of the data shown below?
There has been a drought in the area that is affecting all life forms.
The population of natural predators of the moths has gotten smaller.
The moths are living in an environment with light trees.
The moths are living in an environment with dark trees.
Which of the following statements best describes what will most likely occur to the moth populations in the image above?
The light moths will be captured by predators more easily than the dark moths, and the population of dark moths will rise.
The light moths will be captured by predators more easily than the dark moths, and the population of light moths will rise.
The dark moths will be captured by predators more easily than the light moths, and the dark moths will probably go extinct.
The light moths will change their wing color to match that of the dark moths.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Because they come from dominant alleles.
Because they come from recessive alleles.
Because the organism knew it needed that trait, survives, and passes it on.
All rabbits of the same species living in a particular area would be an example of a(n)
population
species
community
ecosystem
The more genetic variation a population has,
the more likely it is for some individuals to
evolve
migrate
survive
mutate
Mutations are important because they bring about
death of the organism in which they develop
genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
benefits for the individual, not for the population
changes in genotype, but not phenotype
Why is competition important for natural selection?
It shows which variations are more successful, allowing the organisms with those variations to survive.
It causes organisms, regardless of which traits they have, to die out, reducing the population size.
It causes organisms to get stronger due to having to outcompete other species.
Competition is not important for natural selection.
individuals with alleles for an extreme type are more likely to survive and reproduce
stabilizing selection
directional selection
disruptive selection
genetic drift
the selection pressure favors the extreme phenotypes, dividing the population into 2 distinct groups
directional selection
stabilizing selection
geographic selection
disruptive selection
Individuals with intermediate traits are more likely to survive and reproduce
stabilizing selection
directional selection
adaptive radiation
disruptive selection
Tall kelp have a distinct advantage over shorter kelp in receiving needed sunlight in their ocean environment
directional selection
disruptive selection
stabilizing selection
sexual selection
artificial selection
Aspen trees that are over 25 m tend to blow over in high winds; aspen that are under 15 m don't get enough sun
directional selection
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
artificial selection
sexual selection
male elk use their antlers and size to compete with each other for the ability to mate with female elk
directional selection
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
artificial selection
sexual selection
modern corn plants are the descendants of teosinte, a wild corn plant that has been selectively bred for over 1000 years.
directional selection
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
artificial selection
sexual selection
On average, human newborns weigh 7.2 pounds.
directional selection
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
artificial selection
sexual selection
Labradoodles and cockapoos are different varieties of domestic dogs that can be purchased from dog breeders.
directional selection
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
artificial selection
sexual selection
Female water frogs tend to be attracted to the males with the loudest and most distinctive mating call (an acoustical display).
directional selection
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
artificial selection
sexual selection
Producing 1000 cactus spines requires too much energy, but producing <500 leaves the plant open to predation
directional selection
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
artificial selection
sexual selection
Why do the populations of invasive species grow so quickly?
Invasive Species are native to an area.
Invasive species are prey to many animals.
Invasive species have no natural predators.
Invasive species keep the ecosystems in equilibrium.
Using the above scenario, which of these would have the largest amount of energy?
The number of pythons found throughout Everglades National Park has increased in recent years. These huge snakes are not native to Florida and are believed to have been released into the wild by pet owners. Wildlife biologists have initiated attempts to capture and remove these pythons. Which statement best explains the biologists’ reason for removing these pythons from the Everglades?
The pythons could upset the territorial boundaries of native organisms.
The pythons could adapt to overcome diseases common to native snakes.
The pythons could prey on native organisms and cause native populations to decline.
The pythons could begin to interbreed with native snakes and produce a more successful species.
A new species of snake was introduced to a tropical region. Scientists then noticed a steady decline in the presence of field mice and an increase in the number of snakes. Which of these is the most likely explanation about why the population size of each animal changed?
The snakes introduced to the region dominated the habitat, forcing the mice to find another place to live.
The mice became prey to the introduced snakes, allowing the snake population to increase but decreasing the mice population.
The snakes introduced to the region competed with the mice for food, allowing the snake population to increase but decreasing the mice population.
The people in the surrounding area set traps that killed the mice, allowing the snakes to live without any predators and therefore to increase in number.
Each step in a food chain is called a trophic level. What percentage of energy available at one trophic level is transferred to organisms at the next level?
about 2 percent
about 10 percent
about 25 percent
about 50 percent
Food webs are models that show
one sequence of producers and consumers.
complex networks of feeding relationships.
stored energy in food chains
only primary consumers in an ecosystem
What ecological interaction describes the relationship between rabbits and deer?
What point on the graph represents the carrying capacity?
A
B
C
D
What point on the graph does the population slow down tremendously due to limiting resources as it approaches the carrying capacity?
A
B
C
D
Which of the following are density dependent factors?
competition for resources
predation
disease
natural disasters
Which of the following are examples of a density independent factors?
forest fire
seasonal cycles
storms
disease
Plants that convert energy from the sun are also called
decomposers
primary consumers
secondary consumers
producers
What are the abiotic factors in this image?
water, sunlight, dirt, air
birds and plants
birds, water, dirt
plants, water
The role an organism plays in its environment is known as its
ecosystem
habitat
niche
biosphere
The physical place where an organism lives is known as its
niche
habitat
community
biome
These organisms must eat to obtain their energy
autotrophs
heterotrophs
producers
niche
