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Animal Behaviour, theories & strategies

Total questions: 121

Worksheet time: 1hrs 1mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The interaction between animals of the same species, generally involving some form of communication.

a)

innate behavior

b)

response

c)

reflex

d)

social behavior

2.
A period of reduced activity that some animals experience in the summer
a)
estivation
b)
fight or flight
c)
response
d)
social behavior
3.
The process by which certain animals form strong attachments during an early-life critical period.
a)
migration
b)
imprinting
c)
stimulus
d)
dominance
4.
Defense of a space against encroachment by other individuals.
a)
habituation
b)
migration
c)
submission
d)
territoriality
5.
A period of inactivity that some animals experience in winter that allows them to survive on stored body fat.
a)
pheromone
b)
hibernation
c)
submission
d)
estivation
6.
A behavior that has been developed from experience.
a)
social
b)
innate
c)
learned
d)
aggression
7.
Any physical or verbal behavior intended to intimidate or harm.
a)
aggression
b)
reflex
c)
learned behavior
d)
trial and error
8.

Any biological behavior/process that functions on a 24 hour cycle.

a)

hibernation

b)

migration

c)

estivation

d)

circadian rhythm

9.
Problem-solving method in which one possible solution after another is tried until a successful one is found.
a)
fight or flight
b)
learned behavior
c)
estivation
d)
trial and error
10.
A chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior of another animal of the same species.
a)
submission
b)
hibernation
c)
pheromone
d)
courtship
11.

Using past learned experiences to respond to a new situation or challenge

a)

insight

b)

reflex

c)

instinct

d)

circadian rhythm

12.
A behavior that is inherited rather than acquired.
a)
learned
b)
innate
c)
social
d)
trial and error
13.
A simple, automatic response to a sensory stimulus.
a)
territoriality
b)
habituation
c)
reflex
d)
dominance
14.
A social interaction with the sole purpose of finding a mate.
a)
courtship
b)
hibernation
c)
aggression
d)
submission
15.
A reaction to a stimulus.
a)
territoriality
b)
courtship
c)
response
d)
trial and error
16.

A reaction caused by hormones that prepares an animal to either face an intense activity or remove themselves from the activity.

a)

courtship

b)

fight or flight

c)

trial and error

d)

habituation

17.
A regular, long-distance change in location due to resource availability.
a)
stimulus
b)
imprinting
c)
migration
d)
classical conditioning
18.
An organism's decreasing response to a stimulus with repeated exposure to it.
a)
reflex
b)
habituation
c)
territoriality
d)
classical conditioning
19.
A signal to which an organism responds.
a)
imprinting
b)
habituation
c)
classical conditioning
d)
stimulus
20.
A type of learning in which an organism associates stimuli to a specific behavior.
a)
classical conditioning
b)
pheromone
c)
migration
d)
territoriality
21.

An innate behavior can be described by which of the following?

a)

Must be learned

b)

Not necessary for survival

c)

Present at birth and performed correctly from the first time

d)

Learned from experiences

22.

Canada geese fly south in fall to find food. In spring they fly back up north to have their young. What type of behavior is this?

a)

defense

b)

hibernation

c)

courtship

d)

migration

23.

Which of these is a LEARNED behavior?

a)

a peacock courting

b)

a whale migrating

c)

a dog sitting when told to

d)

a turtle hatchling crawling towards the ocean

24.

Which of these is true of any ENDOTHERMIC animal?

a)

its body slows down throughout the winter

b)

its body stays at or near a constant temperature

c)

its body is not affected by changes is temperature

d)

its body temperature changes with the outside temperature

25.

What is one way an endothermic animal can respond to being cold?

a)

panting

b)

shedding

c)

sweating

d)

shivering

26.

What is one way that groups of vertebrates DIFFER from one another?

a)

Not all vertebrates are ectothermic

b)

Not all vertebrates have a nervous system

c)

Not all vertebrates have a protective skin covering

d)

Not all vertbrates have blood that moves through vessels

27.

What would this beak be most useful for?

a)

cracking and eating seeds

b)

sipping nectar from tubular flowers

c)

ripping and tearing prey animals

d)

scooping and filtering water

28.

Which of these behaviors represents an example of migration?

a)

a skunk sprays a foul-smelling oil when a predator comes too close to it

b)

a male bird sings a specific song to attract female birds of the same species

c)

a beaver slows down its activities and remains in its home throughout the winter

d)

Caribou travel hundreds of kilometers before winter starts, and then return in the spring.

29.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the behavior seen in this photo?

a)

It is a complex behavior: both innate and learned

b)

It is not usually taught to cubs by their mother

c)

It may be learned by watching other bears

d)

it may be improved upon the more the bear does it

30.

In winter, a bat stays in its cave, and its body temperature drops, its heart rate slows to a fraction of its normal rate, and it is barely breathing. What is this behavior called?

a)

Migration

b)

Hibernation

c)

courtship behavior

d)

territorial behavior

31.

The viceroy butterfly looks almost identical to the toxic Monarch butterfly, protecting it from predators. What is this called?

a)

hibernation

b)

migration

c)

camouflage

d)

mimicry

32.

This arctic hare is difficult to see against the snowy backdrop, which protects it from predators. What is this called?

a)

hibernation

b)

migration

c)

courtship behavior

d)

camouflage

33.

The male peacock uses these spectacular tail feathers in a display to try to attract the attention of females of the same species, and to try to find a mate. What is this called?

a)

hibernation

b)

migration

c)

courtship behavior

d)

territorial behavior

34.

A wolf cub comes too close to a skunk and gets a strong chemical sprayed in its face. Why does the skunk spray the wolf?

a)

The skunk is trying to attract a mate

b)

the skunk is using an inherited defense behavior

c)

The skunk is doing what it learned from its parents

d)

The skunk is learning to spray by trial and error

35.

A wolf cub came too close to a skunk, and was sprayed by its foul smelling chemical spray. Now, the wolf cub stays away from skunks. What type of behavior is this?

a)

innate behavior

b)

imprinting

c)

learned behavior

d)

migration

36.

Which of the following is NOT an innate behavior?

a)

a baby sucking

b)

a spider spinning a web

c)

a child playing the piano

d)

a bird building a nest

37.
The study of animal behavior
a)
biology
b)
ecology
c)
ethology
d)
behaviorology
38.
What is the definition of behavior
a)
animal's response to a stimulus
b)
animal's type of communication
c)
animal's care of offspring
d)
animal's main characterisitics
39.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a stimulus?
a)
Sight
b)
Sound
c)
Smell
d)
foraging 
40.
An internal stimulus happens ____________ the body
a)
outside
b)
inside
c)
behind
d)
under
41.
A bark, snort, growl, and hoot are all examples of what type of communication 
a)
non-verbal communication
b)
verbal communication
c)
short distance communication
d)
aggressive communication 
42.
What is the MAIN reason animals engage in play behavior?
a)
to socialize
b)
to strengthen family bonds
c)
to learn about each other
d)
to learn skills like hunting
43.
When animal learns to ignore harmless stimuli like a scarecrow, what type of learning is this? 
a)
innate learning
b)
classical conditioning 
c)
habituation 
d)
trial and error learning 
44.

Which is an example of innate behavior?

a)

pond ducks flocking to be fed

b)

bears leaning to catch fish

c)

human babies speaking words

d)

birds chirping when hatched

45.

Which behavior is genetically based and NOT linked to past experiences?

a)

innate behavior

b)

habituation

c)

operant conditioning

d)

classical conditioning

46.

Which is an example of a behavior?

a)

blood flowing through veins

b)

a dog avoiding a foul odor

c)

tree branch providing shade

d)

. a rabbit’s fur turning white

47.

Studies show what 2 factors influence an animal’s behavior?

a)

food & space

b)

genetics & experience

c)

experience & food

d)

genetics & food

48.

A spider making a web is an example of a .........

a)

stimulus

b)

genetic behavior

c)

fixed action patern

d)

learned behavior

49.

________________ behaviors result from an interaction between innate behaviors & past experiences.

a)

Genetic

b)

Hunting

c)

Innate

d)

Learned

50.

This type of innate behavior occurs when an animal carries out a specific set of actions, in sequence, in response to a stimulus.

a)

imprinting

b)

fixed action pattern

c)

habituation

d)

classical conditioning

51.
Why do geese fly behind each other in a "V" formation?
a)
to find food
b)
to show off
c)
to protect their young
d)
to save energy
52.

What type of behavior is inherited rather than learned?

a)

Instinct

b)

Innate behavior

c)

Imprinting

d)

Society

53.

This would be considered a complex pattern of innate behaviors.

a)

Behavior

b)

Conditioning

c)

Instinct

d)

Imprinting

54.

If a dog starts salivating when a bell is rung, because he associates the bell with receiving a treat, this behavior is called __________________?

a)

Imprinting

b)

Instinct

c)

Innate Behavior

d)

Conditioning

55.

Bioluminescence is the ability of certain living things to give off___________?

a)

light

b)

sound

c)

heat

d)

force

56.

What is a group of animals called, when they are the same species living and working together in an organized way?

a)

Society

b)

Territory

c)

Race

d)

Congress

57.

What are some of the ways animals communicate with other animals?

a)

Sound

b)

Light

c)

Body language

d)

All of the above

58.

The genetic material from two different cells - sperm and eggs- combine, producing an offspring

a)

Asexual Reproduction

b)

Gestation

c)

Sexual reproduction

d)

Metamorphosis

59.

What kind of animal would one associate with metamorphosis?

a)

Lions

b)

Deer

c)

Butterfly

d)

Snakes

60.
Some male birds perform elaborate dances in order to attract females. This is an example of _______.
a)
camouflage
b)
insight
c)
courtship
d)
mimicry
61.
Using this picture, what defense is this Hawk Moth displaying?
a)
camouflage
b)
emitting smells
c)
mimicry
d)
panting
62.

Animals have certain times when they are asleep and awake this is called...

a)

Sleep rhythm

b)

Resting and sleeping

c)

Being awake

d)

Circadian rhythms

63.

An animal that sleeps at night is?

a)

Nocturnal

b)

Diurnal

c)

Crepuscular

64.

An animal that is awake during the night is?

a)

Diurnal

b)

Nocturnal

c)

Crepuscular

65.

An animal that is active at dawn and dusk is?

a)

Crepuscular

b)

Nocturnal

c)

Diurnal

66.

What is allogrooming?

a)

Grooming oneself

b)

Grooming another animal

67.

What is autogrooming?

a)

Grooming oneself

b)

Grooming another animal

68.

True or False? Play behaviour is a way of learning for animals

a)

True

b)

False

69.

What is touch communication known as?

a)

Tactile

b)

Visual

c)

Chemical

d)

Auditory

70.

Social insects are found in the order

a)

Hymenoptera

b)

Isoptera

c)

Homoptera

d)

Orthoptera

71.

The birds that lay their eggs in another species' nest are

a)

endoparasites

b)

ectoparasites

c)

virus

d)

brood parasites

72.

The study of animal behaviour is called:

a)

Ecology

b)

Ethology

c)

Efficiency

d)

Economy

73.

Niko Tinbergen got Nobel prize in

a)

1970

b)

1973

c)

1966

d)

1972

74.

Who discovered Honey bee communication?

a)

Niko Tinbergen

b)

Karl von Frisch

c)

Carl won Frisch

d)

Karnord Lorenz

75.

When Honey bee is dancing round dance, food source is

a)

1 km away

b)

100 meter away

c)

more than 1 km away

d)

not specific

76.

which is navigator for honey bee dance

a)

Sun light

b)

Position of Sun

c)

Moon

d)

Angle

77.

Which is the stimulus of Fixed action pattern of rolling egg in geese

a)

Sight stimulus

b)

Fear stimulus

c)

favorable incident

d)

No stimulus

78.

A _________ is defined as a way an animal responds to a stimulus.

a)

response

b)

instinct

c)

attitude

d)

behavior

79.

A spider making a web is an example of a .........

a)

stimulus

b)

genetic behavior

c)

fixed action patern

d)

learned behavior

80.

What is learning?

a)

The process of responding more strongly over time to repeated stimuli.

b)

A change in an organism’s behavior or thought as a result of experience.

c)

The process of responding less strongly over time to repeated stimuli.

81.

What is habituation?

a)

The process of responding less strongly over time to repeated stimuli.

b)

The process of responding more strongly over time to repeated stimuli.

c)

A change in an organism’s behavior or thought as a result of experience.

82.

What is sensitization?

a)

A change in an organism’s behavior or thought as a result of experience.

b)

The process of responding more strongly over time to repeated stimuli.

c)

The process of responding less strongly over time to repeated stimuli.

83.
What is an ethogram?
a)
A machine that measures the physical activity of a specific animal or group of animals
b)
A list of descriptions of species-specific behaviours that can be coded and used in an observation
84.
What is the most important thing to remember when creating an ethogram?
a)
Your descriptions must be clear and unambiguous
b)
You must code the behaviours
85.
Which one of these is not a rule for creating an ethogram
a)
Create a table
b)
Describe the behaviour
c)
Identify if the behaviour is a state or event
d)
Include an 'other' and 'out of sight' category
86.
What is continuous sampling?
a)
Measures all frequencies and durations of all behaviours performed
b)
Records behavioural states that are/are not occurring at a specific point in time
87.
What is instantaneous sampling?
a)
Measures all frequencies and durations of all behaviours performed
b)
Records behavioural states that are/are not occurring at a specific point in time
88.
In scan sampling do you observe the whole group or one individual?
a)
Whole group
b)
One individual
89.
Biased sampling is
a)
when you choose a population that is more likely to give you the result you want
b)
when you choose a group that is equally likely to be chosen
90.

quick automatic response to a stimulus

a)

taxis

b)

fixed action pattern

c)

reflex

d)

instinct

91.

directional locomotory response to external stimulus

a)

taxis

b)

reflex

c)

insight

d)

instinct

92.
Behavior which benefits another organism and seems to give no gain the the benefactor is called:
a)
Habituaton
b)
taxis
c)
imprinting
d)
altruistic 
93.
The ability to be able to run a maze is an example of ___.
a)
imprinting
b)
classical conditioning 
c)
operant conditioning
d)
cognitive learning 
94.
A bird building its nest perfectly the first time is an example of 
a)
learned behavior
b)
instinctive behavior
95.
In the park, you noticed a girl throwing a stick for her dog to fetch.  The dog ran and got the stick every time.  This is an example of
a)
instinctive behavior
b)
learned behavior
96.
How does a taxis differ from a kinesis?
a)
A taxis is a movement in a specific direction.
b)
A taxis must be learned.
c)
A taxis is an increase in random movement.
d)
A taxis is inherited behavior.
97.
Where do sensory cells send information about stimuli?
a)
to muscles
b)
to glands
c)
to the nervous system
d)
to the skeleton
98.
What behaviors are favored by natural selection?
a)
behaviors that use the most stored energy
b)
behaviors that increase survivorship and decrease reproduction rate
c)
behaviors that have short-term benefits but long-term costs
d)
behaviors that increase survivorship and reproduction rate
99.
Wolves hunt in packs. Therefore, they rely on which type of behavior to find food?
a)
mimicry
b)
camouflage
c)
predation defense
d)
cooperative behavior
100.
Which external stimulus would cause a dormouse to enter hibernation?
a)
shorter day length
b)
longer day length
c)
warming temperatures
d)
hormone production
101.

Define the term Behaviour

a)

What an animal feels (emotions)

b)

What an animal thinks (mind)

c)

What an animal does (observable and measurable)

102.

Is this behaviour (cribbing) normal or abnormal?

a)

Normal, lot's of horses do it

b)

Abnormal, it falls outside of the normal behaviour pattern and occurs in the wrong context

c)

Normal, it is expected of a healthy animal

d)

Normal, it serves a function in the 'correct' context

103.

A behaviour developed through experience is ' (a)   ' as opposed to innate

104.

Pheasants do not feed their chicks. Immediately after hatching, a pheasant chick starts pecking at seeds and insects on the ground. How might a behavioral ecologist explain the ultimate cause of this behavior?

a)

Pecking is the result of imprinting during a critical period.

b)

Pheasants that pecked survived and reproduced best.

c)

Pheasants learned to peck, and their offspring inherited this behavior.

d)

None of the listed responses is correct.

105.

Ants carry dead ants out of an anthill and dump them on a "trash" pile. If a chemical from a dead ant is applied to a live ant, other ants will carry it, kicking and struggling, from the anthill, until the substance wears off. Which of the following explains this behavior?

a)

The ants can only learn by operant conditioning

b)

The ants are following a stimulus-response chain

c)

The chemical is a sign stimulus for a fixed action pattern

d)

The ants have become imprinted on the chemical

106.

What signals might be best employed by a nocturnal forest animal seeking to identify its territory?

a)

visual and olfactory

b)

visual and auditory

c)

auditory and olfactory

d)

tactile and auditory

107.

Pheromones are examples of __________.

a)

hormones

b)

instinctive behavior

c)

visual signals

d)

chemical signals

108.

What kind of learning is thought to form the origin of culture?

a)

classical conditioning

b)

social learning

c)

problem learning

d)

FAP learning

109.

Altruistic behavior __________.

a)

is expected when there are plentiful resources to share

b)

never occurs in natural populations

c)

is expected when the species as a whole benefits from it

d)

is expected when it increases the long-term inclusive fitness of the altruists

110.

Which is a nondirectional movement in response to a stimulus?

a)

Taxis

b)

Kinesis

111.

What behavior is this an example of?

a)

Competitive Behavior

b)

Cooperative Behavior

c)

Society

112.

The behavior that maximizes an animal's energy intake-to-expenditure ratio is called

a)

optimal foraging

b)

Hamilton's rule

c)

a fixed-action pattern

d)

cognition and learning

113.

Which of the following is an example of a fixed action pattern?

a)

a crane in captive-breeding program imprinting on its human caregiver

b)

a male stickleback fish chasing a red-bellied object from its territory

c)

the claw-waving behavior of a male fiddler crab

d)

a digger wasp returning to its nest with the aid of landmarks

114.

A honeybee's waggle dance indicates

a)

location of predators

b)

how much of a food source is available

c)

the direction and distance of a food source from the hive

d)

the direction of a food source from the hive

115.

A sensitive period

a)

is the time right after birth

b)

usually follows the reception of a sign stimulus

c)

is a limited time in which imprinting can occur

d)

is the period during which birds can learn to fly

116.

A crow that aids its parents in raising its siblings is increasing its

a)

survival success

b)

altruistic behavior

c)

inclusive fitness

d)

coefficient of relatedness

117.

Identify the type of learning illustrated: Tinbergen showed that female digger wasps use landmarks to locate their hives.

a)

imprinting

b)

operant conditioning

c)

cognition

d)

spatial learning

e)

social learning

118.

The enhanced reproduction, through apparently altruistic behavior, of related individuals with common alleles is referred to as __________.

a)

Hamilton's rule

b)

adaptive radiation

c)

kin selection

d)

competitive exclusion

e)

the coefficient of relatedness

119.

Off in the distance, on the side of a mountain, you spot four female deer and a single male deer. If this reflects the mating system of this species, it would be an example of what type of mating system?

a)

monogamy

b)

polyandry

c)

polygyny

d)

monogyny

e)

None of the listed responses can be applied to this mating system.

120.

Proximate causes

a)

explain the evolutionary significance of a behavior

b)

are immediate causes of behavior such as environmental stimuli

c)

are environmental, whereas ultimate causes are genetic

d)

show that nature is more important than nurture

121.

In frogs, the male releases sperm onto the eggs as they are deposited, thus ensuring paternity. What behavior would you expect to find in frog species?

a)

Males are often responsible for parental care of eggs.

b)

Males defend a harem of several females.

c)

Females are highly ornamented, and are selected by males for mating.

d)

Males select females because of pheromone signals.

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