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WorksheetsCell Structure and Transport Reinforcement (S347)
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 54mins
Passive transport moves molecules from...
low concentration to high concentration
high concentration to low concentration
What type of passive transport moves water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
Simple diffusion
Osmosis
Active transport
Facilitated diffusion
The solution surrounding the cell in Diagram B would be defined as:
hypertonic
hypotonic
isotonic
The solution surrounding the cell in Diagram C would be defined as:
hypertonic
isotonic
hypotonic
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
If the dots represent sugar, in what direction will the water flow?
Into the cell
Out of the cell
Both equally (equilibrium)
What will happen to the cell in the given solution?
It will swell up
It will shrink
It will stay the same
What type of solution is this cell in?
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Diffused
The cells seem to be swelling and are about to burst. What type of solution are they most likely in?
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Hypotonic
The cells appear to be shriveled and dehydrated. What type of solution are they most likely in?
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Hypotonic
In what type of solution are the cells most likely to be of normal size?
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Hypotonic
The mass of a cell in a hypotonic solution will:
Increase
Decrease
Remain the same
Impossible to tell
The mass of a cell in a hypertonic solution will:
Increase
Decrease
Remain the same
Impossible to tell
The mass of a cell in an isotonic solution will:
Increase
Decrease
Remain the same
Impossible to tell
A general term for the various types of active transport that move particles into a cell by enclosing them in a vesicle made out of plasma membrane.
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Osmosis
Diffusion
A form of bulk transport in which materials are transported from the inside to the outside of the cell in membrane-bound vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Osmosis
Diffusion
Nerve cells release neurotransmitters across gaps, and there is secretion of proteins and wastes.
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
White blood cells engulfing invading bacteria is an example of:
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
Active does not need energy and passive uses ATP (energy)
Active uses ATP (energy) and passive does not need energy
Active stores transport proteins and passive releases them
Active uses hormones and passive does not
Active transport typically uses ______ to transport materials across the cell membrane.
ATP
Glucose
Na+
K+
Molecules that need to come through channels into the cell are typically...
Polar
Hydrophobic
Non-Polar
Di-Atomic
Molecules that enter the cell through simple diffusion are typically...
Polar
Hydrophilic
Non-Polar
Carbohydrates
What is the name of 'A' found in the structure below?
Lipid Bilayer (cell membrane)
Protein
Phosphate hydrophilic heads
Lipid hydrophobic tails
What is the name of 'B' found in the structure below?
Protein
Lipid bilayer
Phosphate hydrophilic heads
Lipid hydrophobic tails
What is the name of 'C' found in the structure below?
Phosphate hydrophilic heads
Lipid hydrophobic tails
Lipid bilayer
Protein
What is the name of 'D' found in the structure below?
Lipid hydrophobic tails
Protein
Lipid bilayer
Phosphate hydrophilic heads
Why does the cell need energy to move molecules across the membrane?
The molecule is going against the concentration gradient.
The molecule is too large to pass through the membrane.
The lipid membrane requires energy anytime something moves across the membrane.
In passive diffusion, substances always move...
from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
from an area with more of the molecules to an area with fewer of the molecules
from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration
from an area with fewer of the molecules to an area with more of the molecules
The following cells have been placed in different solutions. Predict what will happen. (Check all that are correct)
Isotonic - the cell will maintain its size
Hypotonic - the cell will increase in size
Hypertonic - the cell will decrease in size
In a bacterial cell, one of the subunits of the ribosome is called 30s and is composed of about 20 different proteins. A mutation occurs that changes the structure of one of these proteins. What effect will this most likely have on the bacterial cell?
It would stimulate binary cell fission and the cell would divide uncontrollably.
The cell would be unable to properly synthesize proteins.
Development of abnormal hereditary features would occur in the cell.
Increased protein absorption would occur through the cell membrane
A cross section of part of a Golgi complex is shown. Part of the membrane of the Golgi complex pinches off and moves away. Which of the following is a function of this process?
to release energy from ATP
to deliver proteins to other locations in the cell
to collect amino acids for use in protein synthesis
to sent messages about cell requirements to the nucleus
Which of the following statements correctly matches a cell part with its function
The cell membrane packages lipids for export
The mitochondria perform photosynthesis
The lysosome digests molecules
The nucleus produces energy
Trichondia is a eukaryotic organism that attaches itself to fish and eats bacteria. Which of the following distinguishes Trichodina from all prokaryotes?
Trichodina is unicellular
Trichodina has a nucleus
Trichodina has cytoplasm
Trichodina is heterotrophic
Keratin is a protein found in hair. Where in a cell is keratin made?
nucleus
vacuole
ribosomes
mitochondria
After a protein is constructed at the ribosome, it can be transported to the Golgi complex for modification. What cellular structure is used in this transport?
Lysosome
Mitochondrion
Nuclear pore
Endoplasmic reticulum
Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating and becoming clogged with very large and complex lipids. Which cellular organelle must be involved in this condition?
the endoplasmic reticulum
the Golgi apparatus
the lysosome
membrane-bound ribosomes
Liver cells are specialized cells that carry out a multitude of tasks, including the synthesis of cholesterol and the breakdown of protein metabolites. These cells would be expected to contain a large proportion of which organelle relative to all others?
smooth ER
rough ER
golgi
nucleolus
As a cell’s size increases, its ratio of surface area to volume decreases.
True
False
High Surface area to volume ratio allows cells to do what quickly?
Move materials around inside the cell
Move materials in and out of the cell
Communicate to other cells
Divide
Identify cholesterol molecule
structure a
structure b
structure h
structure i
Plasma membranes are selectively permeable. This means
anything can pass in and out
the membrane regulates the passage of the material in and out of the cell
glucose cannot enter the cell
cholesterol cannot enter
How can surface area (SA) be increased?
Grow larger
Divide into smaller pieces
For cells to stay alive they require what type of SA:V?
Large SA, Large V
Small SA, Large V
Large SA, Small V
Small SA, Small V
This image shows how materials move into various sized cells in a given amount of time.... why does one square cell have more pink coloring than the others?
The surface area was too larger to get through
The volume of the other cells was too large for the dye to get through
There was not enough surface area for the dye to get through
The volume was too low for the dye to stay in the square
What type of relationship is seen between increased surface area (x axis) & the rate or speed at which things move in and out of the cell (y axis)?
Constant
Direct
Indirect
True or False. It is better for a cell to have more membrane folds in order to exchange materials with the outside environment.
True
False
Plants and animal cells are examples of ___ cells
prokaryotic cells
eukaryotic cells
both eukaryotic and prokaryotic
neither
Bacteria are considered what?
Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes
A fossilized cell is discovered, and evidence suggests it reproduced on its own and had DNA, but a membrane did not enclose its DNA. Which type of organism would this most likely be?
prokaryote
eukaryote
plant cell
animal cell
Which do BOTH prokaryotes and eukaryotes contain?
nucleus
mitochondria
ribosomes
cell wall
True or False: Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes have nucleic acid.
True
False
Active transport is the movement of large materials across a cell membrane from ______ to ______ concentration
high to low
low to high
high to high
low to low
Active transport across a cell membrane from low to high concentration, requires
energy (ATP)
no energy
water
oxygen
A type membrane protein that can pump one substance in one direction, while transporting another substance in the opposite direction.
pump transport
bulk transport
diffusion
osmosis
Which one is the definition of active transport?
movement of particles through the cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy in the form of ATP.
passage of water molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration through a partially permeable membrane
net movement of molecule from a region of higher concentration to region of lower concentration. Molecule down a concentration gradient
net movement of molecule from a region of lower concentration to region of higher concentration. Molecule down a concentration gradient
this cell must be
a prokaryotic cell
a plant cell
an animal cell
could be either a plant OR an animal cell
