What is density?

Choose what are parts of the Steady State Theory

What is the theory that all matter & energy was once compressed and then a sudden event (Big Bang) sent all the compressed matter hurling.

True or False: The Big Bang theory suggests that matter is not created but just the universe expands.

How long ago was the Big Bang?

(Big Bang Theory) Matter gathered into ________, and evolved into _______ & the _________.

What is the best explanation for the formation of our universe?

Pick the evidences for the Big Bang Theory.

True or False: Edwin Hubble discovered electromagnetic property called "Red shift", explained why galaxies show to be moving away from each other, and showed/suggested the Universe was expanding.

Red shift has to do with what?

Doppler Effect has to do with what?

Compressed sound waves create what?

Non-Compressed sound waves or sound waves after a vehicle passes the wavelengths spread out to create what?

True or False: each color has a different wavelength

Light emitted from a star/galaxy can be separated into a band of colors called a what?

The red end of the band of colors has what frequency than blue?

The blue end of the band of colors has what frequency than red?

True or False: low pitch (low notes) are red colors

What color are the high pitched notes?

True or False: The wider/longer the wavelengths are the lower the frequency and the shorter/compressed wavelengths have high frequency

Example: A star moving away from us is going to appear what color?

If a star is moving towards us it will appear as what color?

If there really was a Big Bang then there must be remnants of ________.

These remnants were found in the form of microwaves and is coming at us from what point in the universe?

True or False: Microwaves are super tiny and choppy if they were a color on the spectrum they'd be blue

What was the microwaves / radiation concluded as?

True or False: after the big bang the energy/radiation cooled, loosed energy, then shifted to microwave portion of the em spectrum.

Evidence #3 (abundance of elements): WHen the universe cooled some elements we see were created. What are those elements & their percentages in the universe

Rapid cooling after the Big Bang allowed for production of what elements?

The attraction between two masses is _________.

The more mass an object has it means it has a _________ gravitational force.

True or False: Gravitation force between 2 objects depends on how far apart the masses are and how much mass each mass has.

True or False: Since Earth is larger than us, it has a SMALLER gravitational force.

What are things that gravity affects?

True or False: Our Sun is NOT a star.

How many planets are in our Solar System?

Earth is the ___ planet from the Sun.

There are approximately 100 _________ stars in our galaxy.

True or False: Our solar system is located in the Milky Way Galaxy.

A large system of stars held together by mutual gravitation and isolated from similar systems by vast regions of space.

true or false: approximately 100-200 billion galaxies in the universe.

What is the closest galaxy to our galaxy?

a cluster of galaxies in a 'smaller' area.

our local group includes ___ galaxies.

Totality of existence, including planets, stars, galaxies, the contents of intergalactic space, and all matter & energy is what?

What measurement do we use in our solar system?

Earth is how many AU from the sun?

1 AU is equal to how many kilometers

True or False: Neptune is 30.07 AU from the sun or 4.5 billion km

In our universe we use what measurement?

How far light can travel in one year

True or False: Light travels at 300,000 miles per second (300,000 m/s)

9.46 trillion kilometers (km) =

what galaxy is between 100,000 & 120,000 light years across?

Scientific Notation is a way of writing very large (or very small numbers). TRUE OR FALSE?

a number between 1 & 10 is multiplied by a power of ten is what?

is this an example of scientific notation?

6.5 x 10⁸ = 650,000,000

42,000,000 written in scientific notation is what?

The Giant Impact hypothesis is for what theory?

A collision between earth and a small (mars sized) planet billions of years ago caused the small planet to break into debris that began to orbit the earth which came together through accretion and gravitational pull to create our ______ that orbits the earth.

The outer planets are considered the ____________

the outer planets are primarily made of helium & hydrogen. they are made of thick gaseous outer layers & liquid interiors

The outer planets are _____ because they are ______ from the sun.

the inner planets are called the what?

these planets are made of rocky crusts and dense mantles & cores

The inner planets are _______ in the inner solar system than in the outer solar system

Inner planets of crusts/mantles made of Silicates and cores made of metals like iron and nickel

The sun is formed from what?

The Sun contains what percentage of mass in the solar system?

in the core _______ is produced when hydrogen is fused into helium.

What is in our solar system?

The solar system formed from a ________________

Nebula - interstellar cloud of _________

98% gas (hydrogen&helium) and 2% dust rotatoes and is held together by gravitational force

True or False: Step 2 is where the nebula collapses and forms a proto-sun. This happens due to gravity the material began to rotate faster and the gravity pulls mass together into a clump (proto-sun)

Step 3 the _____ is formed

Gases in the nebula form into a disk because of the rotations fast speed, it spirals more quickly around the new sun. This disk of dust/gas cools and then condenses into a defined orbit around the new sun.

Step 4 is where the ______ form.

In the disk the dust & gas accretes into planets, these gases/dusts gravitated together and coalesced to form larger bodies (planets).

Accumulation of particles into a bigger object

true or false: in accretion gravity pulls particles together which when they collide the particles create bigger objects

Planets form differently depending on their _____ from the sun.

There are ____ steps to the Nebular Hypothesis

Pick all the steps to the Nebular Hypothesis

What is larger an AU or a Light Year?

What is the order of the inner planets?

What is the smallest planet?

This planet is 0.4 AU away from the sun or 28 million miles at closest approach.

True or False: Mercury takes 88 days to orbit the sun and 59 days to rotate on its axis.

Which planet has practically no atmosphere because it is being destroyed by strong solar winds.

True or False: Venus has several moons but no rings.

How many days does venus rotate on its axis and how many days does it orbit the sun?

True or False: A day on Venus is longer than a year.

Venus is covered with how many volcanoes, mountains, canyons & valleys?

Venus spins in the _____________ direction from most planets.

What planet is hard to study because of its thick, dense clouds of sulfuric acid (found in battery acid)

What is the hottest planet?

True or False: Average temp. of Venus is 900F and it is the Brightest planet in our sky.

This is the only planet known to have an atmosphere containing free oxygen, oceans of water on surface, and life

Earth =

Mars is known as what?

True or False: Mars is red because the soil has rusted or oxidized.

Mars is ____ the size of Earth.

What is the rotation and revolution of Mars?

Mars surface includes:

Mars has....

True or False: Mars moons are Phobos (fear) and Deimos (panic)

What two planets is the Asteroid Belt between?

Revolution is how long it takes a planet to orbit the sun which is equal to a planets what?

Rotation: how long it takes a planet to turn ONCE on its axis. This is equal to what for a planet?

The corona is the what layer of the sun?

What is the 2nd outermost layer of the sun?

What layer does the first visible light appears, sunspots are here too.

This layer of the sun is where light is turned into heat.

This layer is where nuclear energy flows out as electromagnetic radiation

This is the innermost layer of the sun, the hottest layer, and is where nuclear energy is made - also very dense

What 2 elements is the sun mostly made of?

Why does the sun appear so much larger than other stars?

This process takes part of a hydrogen atom and fuses it together with another hydrogen atom.

True or False: Solar flares are outbursts or explosions on the sun's surface.

What are negative effects of the sun's radiation?

How long does it take the sun's light to reach earth?

True or False: A prominence is a violent storm that occurs on the surface of the sun. These are eruptions of hot gases that can go out into space

Choose which demonstrates a sunspot.

Pick the sunspot

True or False: Solar wind is the stream of particles that Earth receives from the sun.

What is the moon.....

What planet's moon has a synchronous rotation that causes the same side of it to always face its planet?

This type of moon phase is where the light or amount you can see is increasing... (right side)

True or False: In a waning moon phase the amount you can see is decreasing (left side).

What does a crescent moon phase mean?

This moon phase is where you can see more than half the moon.

Gravitational forces of the moon and sun cause what?

What two moon phases are the moon earth and sun in complete alignment?

What are facts/info about Spring Tides (occur when?, how large?, alignment? etc.?

What tide occurs during the 1st & 3rd quarter moon phases, have weak tides, the earth, moon, sun are NOT aligned, and gravitational forces are OFFSET.

how many high/low tides do we experience each day?