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Genetics Review

Total questions: 87

Worksheet time: 2hrs 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the phenotype in the bottom right square? (Yellow is dominant and green is recessive)
a)
yy
b)
Yy
c)
yellow
d)
green
2.
Which of the following is the genotype for a homozygous recessive trait?
a)
gg
b)
Gg
c)
GG
3.
What % of the offspring in the Punnet square are heterozygous?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
4.
What type of letters are used to show a trait is dominant?
a)
capital
b)
lowercase
5.
What are traits that aren't dominant over each other but whose heterozygous outcome is a combination of the two equally but separately?
a)
pure dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
simple dominance
6.
What is the type of dominance when the two traits aren't dominant over each other, but whose heterozygous outcome is blended?
a)
co-dominance
b)
simple dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
d)
non-dominance
7.
pp is an example of why type of genotype?
a)
homozygous recessive
b)
heterozygous recessive
c)
homozygous dominant
d)
heterozygous dominant
8.
PP is what type of genotype?
a)
homozygous recessive
b)
heterozygous recessive
c)
homozygous dominant
d)
homozygous recessive
9.
What is one or more alternative forms of a gene?
a)
chromosome
b)
genotype
c)
phenotype
d)
allele
10.
What type of letter show s a recessive trait?
a)
capital
b)
lowercase
11.
What is the study of heredity?
a)
genetics
b)
cell biology
c)
chemistry
d)
botany
12.
Who was the father of genetics?
a)
Mendel
b)
Einstein
c)
Redi
d)
Pasteur
13.
What is a trait that can be hidden?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
c)
sneaky
d)
recess time
14.
What is the transmission of traits from parent to offspring?
a)
heredity
b)
genetics
c)
cell bio
d)
chem
15.
What is a trait that will always show itself?
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
one from the dad
d)
one from the mom
16.
If there is a cross of a red and white chicken, and the trait is co-dominant, what will be the result?
a)
a blended color
b)
a speckled chicken
17.
If red and white have incomplete dominance for a trait, and a red flower is crossed with  a white flower, what will be the result?
a)
a spoted flower
b)
a blended flower
18.
Which of the following answers provides the correct parental genotypes for this Punnett Square?
a)
HH x Hh
b)
Hh x Hh
c)
HH x hh
d)
Hh x hh
19.
True or False: Traits can skip a generation.
a)
True
b)
False
20.
What organism did Gregor Mendel study?
a)
Flowers
b)
Bacteria
c)
Humans
d)
Pea Plants
21.
How many chromosomes are found in human body cells?
a)
0
b)
23
c)
46
d)
50
22.
How many chromosomes are found in human sex cells?
a)
0
b)
23
c)
46
d)
50
23.
Which of the following is an example of a phenotype?
a)
hh
b)
Red Hair
c)
Hh
d)
DNA
24.
What is a phenotype?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (ex. TT or tt)
b)
refers to the genetic makeup of an individual
c)
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
d)
The expression of a trait; physical appearance.
25.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
26.
_______ is the genetic material that carries all the information about how a living thing will look and function.  It has a double helix shape. 
a)
Traits
b)
Recessive Allele
c)
Dominant Allele
d)
DNA
27.
_____ is the two letter genetic code that determines an organism's traits. 
a)
Phenotype
b)
Genotype
c)
Heredity
d)
Pistil 
28.

If W = black fur and w = white fur. The white fur would be an example of a(n)

a)

dominant trait

b)

recessive trait

c)

asexual reproduction

d)

sexual reproduction

29.

Which statement is true about dominant and recessive genes?

a)

Dominant genes mask recessive genes.

b)

Recessive genes mask dominant genes.

c)

They are equal.

30.

Homozygous means:

a)

Different alleles. Ex: Tt

b)

Same alleles. Ex: tt

31.

Heterozygous means:

a)

Same alleles. Ex: TT

b)

Different alleles. Ex: Tt

32.

Why do we use Punnett Squares?

a)

To learn times tables.

b)

To learn chemistry equations.

c)

To study probability of genes.

d)

To understand physics.

33.

Study the Punnett Square. What is the probability of a dominant trait showing up?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

34.

Study the Punnett Square. What is the probability of having heterozygous dominant traits?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

35.

Study the Punnett Square. What is the probability of having a recessive trait?

a)

100%

b)

50%

c)

25%

d)

0%

36.

What was Mendel's big discovery?

a)

Traits are Not passed on to offspring.

b)

Traits can be masked in one generation and show up in a future generation.

c)

Pea plants have flowers.

d)

Pea plants produce peas.

37.
B = brown eyes
b = blue eyes
What is true about these two brothers that have brown eyes?
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
a)
they have same phenotype and genotype
b)
they have different genotypes and phenotypes
c)
they have same phenotype but different genotypes
d)
they have same genotype but different phenotypes
38.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
39.

T - tall and t = short

In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square

a)

tt

b)

Tt

c)

Bb

d)

TT

40.

The genotype Aa is called . . .

a)

Homozygous recessive

b)

Hybrid

c)

Purebred

d)

Homozygous dominant

41.

Which of the following genotypes are Purebred? Select 2 answers.

a)

aA

b)

Aa

c)

AA

d)

aa

42.

In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any white-flowering plant resulting from this species?

a)

rr

b)

rR

c)

RR

d)

Rr

43.

Which of these characteristics would not be passed on to its offspring?

a)

fur color

b)

length of tail

c)

scars on leg

d)

body size

44.

How many alleles (letters) does a child get from EACH parent for each trait?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

45.

What are the phenotype percentages of the offspring?

(A-Brown fur color; a-white fur color)

a)

50 % Brown fur and 50% White fur

b)

25 % Brown fur and 75% White fur

c)

75 % Brown fur and 25% White fur

d)

0% Brown fur and 100% White fur

46.
In pea plants, the tall allele is dominant to the short allele. What key would demonstrate this?
a)
Tall = T
Short = S
b)
Tall = T
Short = t
c)
Tall = t
Short = T
d)
Tall = TT
Short = tt
47.
A heterozygous long-tusked elephant is crossed with a homozygous recessive short-tusked elephant. What is the probability of the offspring having short tusks?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
48.
What is the probability of a purple-horned unicorn if a heterozygous pink-horned unicorn is crossed with a heterozygous pink-horned unicorn?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
49.

What is the phenotype in the bottom right square? (Yellow is dominant and green is recessive)

a)

yy

b)

Yy

c)

yellow

d)

green

50.

A cross between two pea plants, each heterozygous for both tall height and round seeds, produces the following resulting plants: some are tall with round seeds, some are tall with wrinkled seeds, some are short with round seeds, and some are short with wrinkled seeds. Which of the following explains why this occurs?

a)

independent assortment

b)

codominance of traits

c)

segreation of alleles

d)

incomplete dominance

51.

The gene for white-colored fruit is dominant over the gene for yellow-colored fruit. If homozygous yellow-fruited plants are crossed with heterozygous white-fruited plants, what is the expected percentage of fruit color produced in the offspring?

a)

50% yellow, 50% white

b)

25% yellow, 75% white

c)

100% white

d)

100 % yellow

52.

Which process increases inheritable variations

a)

mitotic cell division

b)

synthesis of proteins

c)

recombination of genes

d)

synthesis of proteins

53.

The locations of the alleles for eye color and wing shape are marked. What must be true about the gene for eye color?

a)

It is independent of wing shape.

b)

It is linked to wing shape

c)

It is recessive to wing shape

d)

It is dominant over wing shape

54.

Colorblindness is a sex linked trait. A colorblind male marries a female with normal vision. The female’s father is also colorblind. What is the probability that their children will be colorblind

a)

50% of their sons and 50% of their daughters will be colorblind

b)

25% of their sons and 50% of their daughters will be colorblind

c)

100% of their sons and 100% of their daughters will be colorblind

d)

50% of their sons and 100% of their daughters will be colorblind

55.

Human blood type is determined by multiple alleles (A, B, and O). Which phenotype would be expected for the offspring of a man with Type AB blood and a woman with Type O blood?

a)

50% Type B, 50% Type O

b)

50% Type A, 50% Type O

c)

50% Type A, 50% Type B

d)

50% Type AB, 50% Type O

56.

A cross between a red flower and a white flower produces red and white spotted flowers. Which type of inheritance pattern is indicated by these results?

a)

codominance

b)

dominance

c)

multiple allele

d)

incomplete dominance

57.

What is a scientific explanation which can be used to predict the probability that the offspring of certain individuals will have the genetic disorder of color-blindness

a)

Color-blindness is relatively rare in females

b)

Color-blindness tends to affect certain types of people

c)

Color-blindness is caused by a sex-linked recessive allele

d)

The expression of color-blindness is influenced by one’s environment

58.

How many offspring from this cross are likely to be homozygous for both petal color and plant height

a)

6

b)

12

c)

4

d)

2

59.

What is true of genes for two different traits that are located next to each other on the same chromosome?

a)

they will be recombined

b)

there are more likely to be inherited together

c)

they will be codominant

d)

they will be inherited seperately

60.

what is the most likely mode of inheritance?

a)

autosomal recessive

b)

x linked recessive

c)

xlinked dominant

d)

autosomal codominant

61.

What type of heredity is shown in the pedigree?

a)
Sex-Linked Dominant
b)
Sex-Linked Recessive
c)
Autosomal Dominant
d)
Autosomal Recessive 
62.
Color Blindness is a sex linked disease.  Therefore, it HAS to affect which pair of chromosomes?
a)
21
b)
23
c)
24
d)
1-22
63.
In a pedigree, what shape represents a male?
a)
circle
b)
square
c)
triangle
d)
diamond
64.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
65.
What does an open circle represent?
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
66.
What does a filled in square represent?
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
67.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
68.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
69.
What does a horizontal line between a square and a circle mean?
a)
They are siblings
b)
They are cousins
c)
They are married ("together")
d)
They are the children
70.
Give the genotype for person III-3
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
71.

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red (R) is dominant to white (r). What is the sex and eye color of flies with the following genotype: X R X r ?

a)

male with white eyes

b)

female with red eyes

c)

male with red eyes

d)

female with white eyes

72.

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red (R) is dominant to white (r). What is the sex and eye color of flies with the following genotype: X R Y ?

a)

male with white eyes

b)

female with white eyes

c)

male with red eyes

d)

female with red eyes

73.

What are the genotypes of these flies:


white eyed, male ?

a)

X R X r

b)

X R X R

c)

Xr X r

d)

X r Y

e)

XR Y

74.

Look at this cross: XB XB x Xb Y

What proportion/percent of the male children are colorblind?

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

25%

d)

0%

75.

H= normal blood clotting

h=hemophilia


XHXh x XHY


What is the probability that any of their offspring will have hemophilia?

a)

4/4

b)

3/4

c)

2/4

d)

1/4

76.
The visual representation of an individual's chromosomes is a 
a)
phenotype
b)
genotype
c)
karyotype
d)
stereotype
77.
Hemophilia is a recessive x-linked disorder.
Which genotype represents a female who is a carrier for hemophilia?
a)
XHXh
b)
XhXh
c)
XHXH
d)
XhY
78.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
Mendelian dominance
d)
complete dominance
79.
Incomplete dominance or co-dominance?
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. 
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-dominance
c)
Complete dominance
d)
Mendelian dominance
80.
A roan cow shows co-dominance in fur color (orange & white). What is the phenotype ratio expected if a roan cow and a roan steer mate together?
a)
4: Orange and White
b)
1: Orange : 1 White
c)
2 Orange: 2 Orange and White: 0 White
d)
1: Orange: 2 Orange and White: 1 White
81.

What are the possible genotypes for a person who has the blood group A?

a)

IAIA

b)

IAIi

c)

IAIB

d)

IBIi

82.
This is an example of ___________?
a)
Incomplete dominance
b)
Co-dominance
c)
Mendelian dominance
d)
Complete dominance
83.

If Tom has the genotype IAIB and Angela has the genotype IBIi, what are the possible phenotypes of their children?

a)

Group A, Group B, Group AB only

b)

Group A, Group B, Group AB, and Group O

c)

Group A and Group AB only

d)

Group A and Group B only

84.

This type of dominance is ........................... because the heterozygote shows a phenotype that is .............................. .

a)

co-dominance, blended

b)

co-dominance, equal

c)

incomplete dominance, blended

d)

incomplete dominance, equal

85.

A man with type O blood is accused of being the father of a type B baby. The mother is type A. Could this man be the father?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

Maybe

86.
Ged is blood type A and Linda is blood type B.  How can they have children who are types AB, and O?
a)
Alleles A and B are co-dominant, but allele O is recessive
b)
Alleles A and B are incompletely dominant, but allele O is recessive
c)
Alleles A and B are co-dominant, but allele O is completely dominant
d)
Alleles A and B are incompletely dominant, but allele O is completely dominant
87.

If one parent has type AB blood and the other parent has type O, what is the percentage chance that they will have a child with type AB blood?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

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