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WorksheetsBiology STAAR cram session
Total questions: 150
Worksheet time: 3hrs 19mins
This diagram shows cell activity across a cell membrane. Which two processes does the model best represent?
Energy conversion and making new molecules
Synthesis of new molecules and homeostasis
Transport of molecules and energy conversions
Transport of molecules and homeostasis
Which statement best describes the role of the vesicles in this image?
They deliver packages from the Golgi apparatus
They exchange genetic material
They are extracting viruses from the Golgi apparatus
They are transports for gas exchange only
Which of these correctly compliments the following DNA strand during replication: AGGTCA
UCCAGU
TCCAGT
ACCAGU
TGGAGT
What part of a DNA molecule is directly responsible for coding a specific trait in an organism?
the number of hydrogen bonds in the DNA
the number of carbons in DNA
the sequence of nucleotide bases in DNA
the sequence of phosphates along the backbone
In which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
Mitosis
G1 phase
G2 phase
S phase
What do the 2 arrows represent in this diagram?
arrow 1 is prophase; arrow 2 is interphase
arrow 1 is mitosis; arrow 2 is meiosis
arrow 1 is interphase; arrow 2 is mitosis
arrow 1 is meiosis; arrow 2 is prophase
During the cell cycle, cells go through checkpoints. If DNA damaged is detected, it is repaired before mitosis. Why is repairing DNA important?
so the spindle fibers and centrioles will work correctly during division
so chromosomes will align correctly during metaphase
so the cytoplasm can be divided equally during cytokinesis
so healthy daughter cells are produced and can continue to grow
Which of these describes a difference between a virus and a cell?
cells contain protein, viruses only contain carbohydrates
viruses have flagella, cells have cilia
cells reproduce independently, viruses require a host cell to replicate
viruses have a protein membrane, cells have membranes made of nucleic acids
Viruses can be transmitted by air, food, water and direct contact. Once a virus enters a body, it invades a cell immediately to-
access cell processes to replicate viruses
metabolize proteins for the cell
synthesize antibodies for defense
grow new viruses using the cell's ribosomes
A prey population of varying running speeds exists in an area as shown in the graph. If natural selection works as it should the prey-
with average speeds will increase over time
with slower speeds should increase over time
with faster speeds will increase over time
with faster speeds will decrease over time
Adaptations that result from natural selection are expected to increase the fitness of an organism. In terms of natural selection, what is fitness?
being able to escape from predators
being among the strongest organisms in a population
being able to survive, find a mate, and produce offspring
being able to survive long enough to reach an adult age
Scientists can determine how closely organisms are related using DNA and their amino acid sequences. Using the chart, which organisms is LEAST related to the other three.
organism 1
organism 2
organism 3
organism 4
Which organism is the most closely related to the Sun Bear in this cladogram?
Lesser panda
Giant panda
Raccoon
Spectacled Bear
Genome maps illustrate DNA similarities in organisms. What is a reason as to why a scientist would use a genome map?
to predict new species a
the show how organisms could share a common ancestor
to show how proteins are made
to demonstrate the importance of the cell cycle
Which type of mutation does the model demonstrate?
deletion
insertion
substitution
translocation
A mutation in which types of cells would only affect the organism and not future generations?
Egg cell and liver cell
Sperm cell and egg cell
Nerve cell and brain cell
Sperm cell and lung cell
What is the purpose of this cellular process?
preserving genetic information for future generations
deleting information in the DNA template
transcribing information in the DNA sequence to be used by the cell
producing more nucleotides for the DNA sequence
Two frog species are recovered from a forest in order to help them begin to repopulate. The frogs within their own populations bred just fine however, they would not breed with the other frog population. What could be a possible explanation?
They are the same species but in different kingdoms
They are in the same class but different phyla
They are in the same family but different orders
They are in the same genus but are different species
All the animals to the right of the hagfish have the common characteristic of-
fur
claws or nails
lungs
jaws
A recent dog advertisement says that it's food will build lean muscle and provide energy to the dogs. What two biomolecules must be present for this to be true
protein and carbohydrates
carbohydrates and lipids
nucleic acids and carbohydrates
lipids and nucleic acids
Four different nucleotides are used to build a DNA molecule. Which of the following can be used to distinguish one nucleotide to another?
the nitrogen base
the shape of the sugar
the length of the phosphate group
the type of fatty acid
Carbohydrates are more easily metabolized than lipids. However, on a gram to gram basis, lipids provide cells with more-
nitrogen
protein
structure
energy
The building blocks, or subunits, that make up a protein molecule are known as-
fatty acids
nucleotides
monosaccharides
amino acids
Which four systems allow for a person to sneeze?
muscular, immune, nervous, respiratory
nervous, respiratory, circulatory, skeletal
respiratory, endocrine, skeletal, circulatory
lymphatic, skeletal, respiratory, muscular
The response represented in the illustration would most likely be caused by-
a reduced supply of oxygen
long periods of rainfall
high concentration of glucose
little available water
The rocky material left behind after a glacier receeds is called a moraine. Which organisms will help the rocky moraine begin the process of primary succession?
insects
lichens
grasses
trees
Which of these best demonstrates mutualism between humans and bacteria?
Intestinal bacteria obtain nutrients from food and provide vitamin K for humans
bacteria become resistant to antibiotics used to fight infection
invasive bacteria invade an injured area and produced harmful toxin to human
bacteria found in improperly prepared food causes food poisoning for human
Remora fish attach to sharks to feed on scraps created by the sharks after meals. The suction disk on the remora mouth does not damage the shark's scaly skin. This type of symbiotic relationship is known as-
predation
parasitism
mutualism
commensalism
Green algae grows on the backs of some aquatic spiders to be near sunlight. The algae camouflages the spider from predators. This type of of relationship is known as-
mutualism
parasitism
commensalism
predation
Which of these organisms will likely increase if a disease affects and starts to kill off the horn lizard population?
grasshoppers and ants
ants and cottonmouths
cottonmouths and hawks
ants and hawks
Which statement best describes why there is a difference in biomass at each level of this diagram?
organisms at higher levels have less energy available to them
organisms at higher trophic levels need smaller habitats
organisms at lower levels need less energy
organisms at lower levels outcompete the higher level organisms
As energy flows through the organisms of this energy pyramid, how much energy would be available to the secondary consumers?
1000 joules
100 joules
10 joules
1 joule
The cell in the image can best be described as-
Multicellular
Viral
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
In cattle the allele for cloven hooves (H) is dominant over the allele for mule-foot hooves (h). The phenotype for each trait is shown in this picture.
What is the probability of cloven hooves in the offspring of parents that are heterozygous for the trait?
25%
50%
75%
100%
What is the process shown in the diagram?
transcription
translation
mutation
transformation
What type of mutation is shown in the diagram?
substitution
insertion
deletion
no change
Use the chart to find to amino acid that corresponds to the codon GGA:
Alanine
Glutamic Acid
Lysine
Glycine
Which do BOTH prokaryotes and eukaryotes contain?
nucleus
mitochondria
ribosomes
cell wall
Which does only eukaryotic cells contain?
nucleus
DNA
cell membrane
ribosomes
Prokaryotic cells do not have…….
membrane bound organelles
cell membrane
DNA or RNA
life
You can distinguish a prokaryote apart from a nucleus by--
The presence of a ribosome
The presence of a cell membrane
The presence of DNA
The presence of a nuclear membrane
Bacteria is an example of a(n)
prokaryotic cell.
eukaryotic cell.
Which of the following would be a major component in a plant cell wall?
cellulose
starch
glycogen
salivary amylase
What is the function of a protein?
provide a source of immediate energy
provide storage of energy
store your genetic information
growth of muscle and tissues
What are the building blocks of proteins?
nucleic acids
monosaccharides
fatty acids
amino acids
Which describes a hypotonic environment?
Too much water in the cell will cause the cell to burst - the percentage of water is higher outside the cell than inside the cell
Too little water in the cell will cause the cell to shrink - the percentage of water is lower outside the cell than inside the cell
Concentrations of water are equal inside and outside the cell
Which describes a hypertonic environment?
Too much water in the cell will cause the cell to burst - the percentage of water is higher outside the cell than inside the cell
Too little water in the cell will cause the cell to shrink - the percentage of water is lower outside the cell than inside the cell
Concentrations of water are equal inside and outside the cell
The movement of materials that requires energy is called...
active transport
passive transport
massive transport
proactive transport
Arrange the following levels of hierarchy from smallest to largest
Organism, Organ, Tissue, Cell, Organelle
Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organism
Organism, Cell, Tissue, Organ
Tissue, Cell, Organ, Organism
Name the phase:
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What is happening in this series of images?
Mitosis - nucleus divides
Mitosis - DNA replicates
Interphase - the cell prepares for DNA replication
Interphas - the cell divides
CROSSING OVER INCREASES
LIFE SPAN
GENETIC VARIATION
THE NUMBER OF OFF-SPRING
ALL ARE TRUE
What is the first step to both viral cycles?
The virus attaches to a host
the virus injects genetic material
the host gets sick
the cell is destroyed
When the viral DNA becomes active in the lysogenic cycle, which life cycle does it enter?
lytic
lysogenic
cell cycle
DNA replication
Choose the correct order of lytic cycle steps
attachment, entry, assembly, replication, release
attachment, entry, replication, assembly, release
attachment, entry, assembly, release, replication
attachment, release, assembly, replication, entry
This example for
Internal stimuli
Thigmotropism
Phototropism
no answer correct
This example for
Internal stimuli
Light stimuli
Tough stimuli
Temperature stimuli
This example for
Internal stimuli
Light stimuli
Thigmotropism
Temperature
This picture would represent which type of tropism?
Phototropism
Geotropism
Thigmotropism
Organisms whose cells do not have a nucleus are called _____.
Eukaryotes
Multicellular
Unicellular
Prokaryotes
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
Which organelle is the location where protein is made?
Ribosome
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Nucleotide
During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.
tRNA
mRNA
rRNA
dRNA
When these bond together, they form a protein
Amino Acids
Peptide Bonds
Ribose
Nucleotides
These building blocks consist of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base.
Ribose
Nucleotide
Gene
Protein
A string of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein
Ribose
Amino Acids
tRNA
Gene
Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA
UUGACUU
TTGACTT
AACTGAA
AACUGAA
Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA
UUGACUU
TTGACTT
AACTGAA
AACUGAA
What process is happening in the diagram?
transcription
translation
dna replication
mitosis
A nucleotide base is inserted or deleted shifting the entire DNA sequence. Entire protein will be changed.
Substitution Mutation
Silent Mutation
Frameshift Mutation
Translocation
A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base
is removed from the DNA sequence.
Deletion Mutation
Substitution Mutation
Translocation
Silent Mutation
parent 2: ggBb
Find the gametes for parent 1.
The forelimbs of mammals have similar anatomy because these groups descended from a recent common ancestor. Their bone structure is an example of a(n) ______________ structure.
vestigial
analogous
homologous
What is a change in an organism that allows for it to survive in its environment?
homologous
vestigial
variation
adaptation
What is this an example of?
diversity of species
variation
vestigial structures
DNA studies
Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...
random chance
natural selection
non-random mating (sexual selection)
artificial selection
This mechanism of evolution occurs when populations migrate.
Extinction
Gene flow
Genetic drift
Natural Selection
In this food web, which of the following organisms eats the largest variety of different producers?
Mouse
Grasshopper
Dragonfly
Butterfly
What would happen to the bird if the green fish died out?
the bird population would grow
the bird population would die out
the smaller fish will die out
Aphids are tiny insects that live on and eat the leaves of plants, removing vital nutrients from the plants.
Predation
Parasitism
Commensalism
Mutualism
The picture display which type of succession?
primary
secondary
tertiary
all of the above
ATG TGA CAG
What 2 systems: Absorb and deliver the digested nutrients to the cells
Digestive and muscular
Muscular and lymphatic
Digestive and circulatory
Nervous and skeletal
What 2 systems: Allow organs to contract and push food through
Muscular and Skeletal
Excretory and Muscular
Endocrine and Muscular
Muscular and Digestive
What 2 systems: Diaphragm controls breathing
Circulatory and Endocrine
Respiratory and Muscular
Muscular and Skeletal
Circulatory and Respiratory
A group of the same organisms living together in the same place at the same time is:
An organism
A population
A community
A biome
What are groups of different populations living togther in the same place at the same time called?
An organism
A population
A community
A biosphere
Which choice shows the correct order of the levels of environmental organization?
organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
organism, population, ecosystem, biosphere, community
organism, community, population, ecosystem, biosphere
population, ecosystem, biosphere, organism, community
