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WorksheetsBiology EOC Review 3
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 31mins
What will most likely be the result if all of the mitochondria are removed from a plant cell?
It will be unable to carry out respiration.
It will lose water through osmosis.
It will break down the ribosomes in the cell.
It will be unable to photosynthesize
What process best explains how a nerve cell and a muscle cell can both develop from the same fertilized egg?
differentiation
natural selection
selective breeding
genetic engineering
Which two species are the most closely related?
I and II
II and IV
I and V
V and VI
These diagrams represent a Euglena and a Paramecium. Which function do structures X and Y have in common?
digestion
gathering food
movement
reproduction
Which environmental factor would cause the greatest decrease in the number of species of plants and animals living in some of the lakes in the United States?
increase in dissolved oxygen levels
global warming
ozone destruction
acid rain
Which statement best compares aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Less ATP is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
More water is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
More oxygen is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
Less lactic acid is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
Which of the following activities occur in the S phase?
Sperm and egg combine during fertilization. What type of cells are these and what type of cell do they create together?
haploid; diploid
diploid; haploid
haploid; haploid
diploid; diploid
What is the base pair rule for DNA replication? (DNA to DNA)
A - T, C - G
A - U, C - G
A - C, T - G
A - C, U - G
The DNA strand is "ATCGAT". What mRNA strand will be made during transcription?
TAGCTA
UAGCUA
AUCGAU
ATCGAT
What organism is the most primitive?
bear
fish
lamprey
lizard
The inheritance of short wings in Drosophila fruit flies is an x-linked, recessive trait.
Which would most likely result if a short-winged female mates with a long-winged male?
All offspring will be short-winged.
All females will be long-winged, and all males will be short-winged.
All females will be short-winged, and all males will be long-winged.
Half of the males and females will be short-winged, and half will belong-winged.
Identical twin girls are separated at birth and cared for by two different families.
After twenty years, the twins have different heights and weights. What is most likely the cause of these differences?
The proteins made by one twin were different than the proteins made by the other twin.
Each twin was provided a different diet and physical activities.
The DNA of one twin was different from the DNA of the other twin.
One twin had a genetic condition that prevented her from growing tall.
Having freckles is dominant over not having freckles. If two individuals heterozygous for freckles have a child, what is the probability the child will have freckles?
75%
50%
25%
0%
Genetically identical plants will produce either pink flowers or blue flowers, depending on the type of soil in which they are planted. What is most likely the explanation for the differences in flower color?
The flower-color gene is codominant.
Mutations alter the flower-color gene.
The flower-color gene is sex-linked.
Environmental factors affect flower color.
Which substance do biochemists often search for in fossils to help better understand the evolutionary relationships of the organism that formed the fossil?
ATP
DNA
iron
oxygen
Scientists believe that the polar bear in Alaska and the brown bear in Russia evolved from a common ancestor. Which would be responsible for this evolutionary change?
artificial selection
asexual reproduction
sexual competition
geographic isolation
An antibiotic which was effective 20 years ago against a specific type of bacterial infection no longer works against the same kind of infection today. Which best explains why the antibiotic is no longer as effective as it was 20 years ago?
Bacteria resistant to the antibiotic have killed off nonresistant bacteria.
Viruses have changed the structure of the bacteria that causes the infection.
Resistant bacteria have survived and reproduced at a greater rate than nonresistant bacteria.
The human body has developed an immunity to the antibiotics.
An insecticide kills most of the ants on a plant. Over time, it is determined that the insecticide is not as effective for killing ants.
Which statement best explains this observation?
The ants killed initially by the insecticide were genetically the same as the surviving ants.
The ants killed initially by the insecticide had thinner cell membranes than the surviving ants.
The ants that survived were younger than those that died as a result of the insecticide.
The ants killed by the insecticide and the surviving ants were genetically different.
Some marine worms and mollusks go through similar larval stages during development. Which can be inferred about their relationship?
They share a common ancestor.
They mate with each other.
They compete for a habitat.
They share the same food source
Which statement best describes natural selection?
As the weather changes, organisms that are able to find shelter need less energy to live.
Organisms that eat only plants need less food than organisms that eat animals.
Organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to reproduce and pass on their traits to their offspring.
Small organisms are more likely to survive than larger organisms.
A large population of cockroaches was sprayed with an insecticide. A few of the cockroaches survived and produced a population of cockroaches that was resistant
to this spray. What can best be inferred from this example?
Individuals with favorable variations survive and reproduce.
Insecticides cause mutations that are passed on to the next generation.
The environment has no effect on the survival of an organism.
A species will adapt no matter what the environment.
Which will most likely cause variations to occur within a species?
competition
mutation
mutualism
predation
Why must DNA replication have to occur before a cell can divide by mitosis?
to maintain the same number of chromosomes in the daughter cells as in the parent cell
to cause one of the cells produced to have double the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
to allow crossing over to occur in each of the cells produced
to cause all of the cells produced to have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
During which phase of the cell cycle does most cell growth occur?
mitosis
prophase
interphase
cytokinesis
Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?
It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have triple the chromosome number of the organism.
It allows gametes to have twice the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
It allows gametes to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
Which would most likely produce a mutation that is passed on to offspring?
radiation changing the DNA sequence in skin cells
a gamete with an extra chromosome forming
tobacco smoke altering the genes in lung cells
exposure to chemicals altering nerve cell function
Which will most likely cause an increase in the frequency of genetic mutations in humans?
increased exposure to mold spores in the air
increased exposure to the rising levels of atmospheric CO2
increased exposure to bacteria in drinking water
increased exposure to X-rays
This chart shows which amino acids are coded for by different combinations of mRNA nucleotides.
Which amino acids are coded for by an mRNA segment that reads CAG GUG?
arginine and valine
isoleucine and arginine
glutamine and valine
valine and isoleucine
Waxes create a waterproof layer on the outside of some living organisms. To which group of organic molecules do waxes belong?
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins
Scientists believe that the polar bear in Alaska and the brown bear in Russia evolved from a common ancestor. Which would be responsible for this evolutionary change?
artificial selection
asexual reproduction
sexual competition
geographic isolation
In some ecosystems, wolves have been eliminated due to their threats to humans. How can the reintroduction of wolves benefit the ecosystem?
It can eliminate weak animals from a prey population, thereby decreasing competition for natural resources.
It can eliminate the most fit animals among the prey population, which will cause an increase in birthrates of the prey.
It can cause the prey population to migrate to other areas, resulting in more fit prey.
It can cause the prey population to better blend in with their environment.
