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11.3 Science LT Reviewer

Total questions: 157

Worksheet time: 1hrs 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

- Celestial motion pertains to the movement of any object on Earth.

- Terrestrial motion refers to that of any object beyond Earth.

a)

both statements are true

b)

first statement is true, but the second one is false

c)

first statement is false, but the second one is true

d)

both statements are false

2.

- Diurnal motion refers to the daily rising and setting of the sun.

- Annual motion refers to the weekly motion of the stars due to the Earth’s revolution.

a)

both statements are true

b)

first statement is true, but the second one is false

c)

first statement is false, but the second one is true

d)

both statements are false

3.

- The summer solstice takes place in March when the longest day is experienced.

- Winter solstice occurs every December when the night is longest.

a)

both statements are true

b)

first statement is true, but the second one is false

c)

first statement is false, but the second one is true

d)

both statements are false

4.

- The lunisolar precession of Earth is caused by the gravitational attraction of the sun and the moon on Earth.

- The planetary precession of Earth is caused by other planets.

a)

both statements are true

b)

first statement is true, but the second one is false

c)

first statement is false, but the second one is true

d)

both statements are false

5.

- The autumnal equinox takes place in September.

- The vernal equinox takes place in June.

a)

both statements are true

b)

first statement is true, but the second one is false

c)

first statement is false, but the second one is true

d)

both statements are false

6.

He categorized motion into two - terrestrial and celestial.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Ptolemy

c)

Hipparchus

d)

Pythagoras

7.

He proposed that the ecliptic of the sun and the planets lie at an angle with Earth’s axis, which made them different from the other stars.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Ptolemy

c)

Hipparchus

d)

Pythagoras

8.

He first measured the discrepancy of sidereal year and tropical year.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Ptolemy

c)

Hipparchus

d)

Pythagoras

9.

He viewed heaven as perfect and that a circle is a perfect polygon.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Ptolemy

c)

Hipparchus

d)

Pythagoras

10.

Which of the following describes physics?

a)

It is a branch of science dealing with the physical and chemical constitution of Earth and its atmosphere.

b)

It is a branch of science that involves the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter.

c)

It is a branch of science that studies life and living organisms,

d)

It is a branch of science that deals with the relationship of matter and energy.

11.

The motion of a cart pulled by a horse

a)

Natural motion

b)

Violent motion

c)

Alteration motion

12.

A netbook lying at rest on a table remains at rest

a)

Natural motion

b)

Violent motion

c)

Alteration motion

13.

A motion of chemical change such as burning and decay

a)

Natural motion

b)

Violent motion

c)

Alteration motion

14.

Which of the following is TRUE about equinox?

a)

At this point, day and night are of equal length.

b)

It happens when the sun's position in the ecliptic intersects with the celestial poles.

c)

At this point, the longest day is experienced.

d)

At this point, the longest night is experienced.

15.

In ancient times. Earth was said to be enclosed in a rotating celestial sphere, where the sun, the moon, the stars, and other celestial objects were embedded.

a)

True

b)

False

16.

The projection of Earth's equator in the celestial sphere is called the celestial pole.

a)

True

b)

False

17.

Which star marks the way due north?

a)

Polaris

b)

Cassiopeia

c)

South star

d)

Orion

18.

The precession of the ______ is an ancient term for the gradual change in the orientation of Earth's axis.

a)

equinoxes

b)

equator

c)

ecliptic

d)

solstice

19.

In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) changed the term "lunisolar precession" to precession of the _____

a)

equinoxes

b)

equator

c)

ecliptic

d)

solstice

20.

In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) changed the term "planetary precession" to precession of the _____

a)

equinoxes

b)

equator

c)

ecliptic

d)

solstice

21.

In ancient times, Earth was said to be enclosed in a rotating celestial sphere. Which of the following describes the celestial sphere?

a)

It is a real, small sphere with the sun at the center and the earth, moon, stars, and other celestial objects.

b)

It is an imaginary, giant, hollow sphere with the earth at the center and the sun, moon, stars, and other planets on its inner surface.

c)

It is an imaginary, small, hollow sphere with the sun at the center and the earth, moon, stars, and other celestial objects.

d)

It is a real, giant sphere with the earth at the center and the sun, moon, stars, and other planets on its inner surface.

22.

Alteration motion is one of the classifications of terrestrial motion. Which among the following is an example of this type of motion?

a)

A ball thrown up falls down because it seeks its natural place.

b)

A fire created on the ground moves up, because as part of its nature, it seeks a higher place than air.

c)

The force applied in shooting an arrow sets it in motion.

d)

Liquid water turned into ice by removing heat from the liquid water.

23.

What kind of terrestrial motion is portrayed by a free-falling object in accordance to Aristotle's belief?

a)

natural motion

b)

alteration motion

c)

celestial motion

d)

violent motion

24.

Which of the following statements describes violent motion?

a)

It may be considered as what we now know as chemical change.

b)

It happens when an object is acted upon by any external force.

c)

It is a type of motion that describes qualitative change.

d)

It is determined by the nature of an object's composition.

25.

Which of the following refers to the line that separates the visible portion of the celestial sphere from the part that we cannot see?

a)

Celestial pole

b)

Ecliptic

c)

Horizon

d)

Celestial equator

26.

_____ motion refers to the daily rising and setting of the sun.

a)

Diurnal

b)

lunisolar

c)

ecliptic

d)

annual

27.

The _____ precession of earth is caused by the gravitational attraction of the sun and the moon on earth.

a)

lunisolar

b)

Terrestrial

c)

summer

d)

ecliptic

28.

motion pertains to the movement of any object on earth.

a)

Terrestrial

b)

Solar

c)

lunisolar

d)

ecliptic

29.

The _____ solstice takes place in June when the longest day is experienced.

a)

summer

b)

winter

c)

spring

d)

fall

30.

Earth experiences two equinoxes a year - the vernal equinox in March and the autumnal equinox in _____

a)

September

b)

June

c)

November

d)

July

31.

The sun's apparent path through the celestial sphere is called the _____

a)

ecliptic

b)

equinox

c)

horizon

d)

equator

32.

What causes the sun to look like it is rising in the east and setting in the west?

a)

Earth's rotation

b)

Earth's revolution

c)

moon's orbit

d)

sun's rotation

33.

What causes the seasons during the year?

a)

The tilting of the Earth's axis.

b)

The distance between the Earth and the Sun.

c)

The Sun and its orbit.

d)

The moon and tides.

34.

Which is NOT an argument by the Ancient Greeks about the sphericity of Earth?

a)

Every portion on Earth has a tendency to be compressed and form a sphere.

b)

Explorers going south see that southern constellations slowly rise above the horizon.

c)

The sun rises in the west and sets down in the west.

d)

Earth's shadow on the moon is always round during a lunar eclipse.

35.

The word solstice is derived from the Latin sol meaning "sun" and sistere meaning "to stand still".

a)

True

b)

False

36.

Which of the following constellations contains the Pole star?

a)

Ursa Major

b)

Ursa Minor

c)

Southern cross

d)

Orion

37.

Who proposed that the ecliptic of the sun and the planets lie at an angle with Earth’s axis, which made them different from the other stars?

a)

Claudius Ptolemy

b)

Isaac Newton

c)

Nicolaus Copernicus

d)

Tycho Brahe

38.

He categorized motion into two - terrestrial and celestial.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Hipparchus

c)

Pythagoras

39.

He viewed heaven as perfect and that a circle is a perfect polygon.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Hipparchus

c)

Pythagoras

40.

He first measured the discrepancy between the sidereal year and the tropical year.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Hipparchus

c)

Pythagoras

41.

Which is NOT true about Galileo?

a)

He discovered the sunspot.

b)

He invented the first telescope.

c)

He observed the phases of Venus.

d)

He discovered the moons of Jupiter.

42.

Which of the following is false about Aristotle's astronomical beliefs?

a)

He believed in celestial spheres.

b)

He believed that the world is a sphere.

c)

He supported the idea of a geocentric universe.

d)

He suggested that Earth revolves around the sun.

43.

Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

a)

Johannes Kepler – craters of the moon

b)

Nicolaus Copernicus – heliocentric model of the universe

c)

Ptolemy - laws of planetary motion

d)

Galileo Galilei - moons of Saturn

44.

Which of the following describes the first law of planetary motion?

a)

It is also called as the law of equal areas.

b)

The orbit of the planet is an ellipse, with the sun located at one of the foci.

c)

The farther a planet’s average distance from the sun, the longer its orbital period.

d)

The motion of the planet changes throughout its revolution around the sun.

45.

According to the third law of planetary motion, to which quantity is the period of revolution of a planet related?

a)

size of the planet

b)

distance along the semimajor axis

c)

mass of the planet

d)

gravitational attraction of the sun and the planet

46.

Which model holds that the earth is at the center of the universe and stars and other planets revolve around it?

a)

Geocentric

b)

Eccentric

c)

Heliocentric

d)

Epicyclic

47.

_____________ developed his own mural quadrant which refers to a detection instrument that determines the elevation of stars and planets.

a)

Johannes Kepler

b)

Nicolaus Copernicus

c)

Isaac Newton

d)

Tycho Brahe

48.

In 1609, when Galileo used his telescope, he noticed that the small dark spots on the surface of the moon changed from dark to light until they eventually disappeared. Today, the dark spots are known as _________________.

a)

sunspots

b)

great red spots

c)

planet craters

d)

lunar craters

49.

Which of the following moons of Jupiter is the largest moon in the solar system?

a)

Io

b)

Ganymede

c)

Europa

d)

Callisto

50.

The dark spots on the sun's surface are now called sunspots.

a)

True

b)

False

51.

The point at which the planet is farthest from the sun is called the perihelion.

a)

True

b)

False

52.

A supernova refers to a huge burst of energy from an explosion of a supergiant star.

a)

True

b)

False

53.

Eudoxus' model is heterocentric, which means that the celestial spheres share one common center - Earth.

a)

True

b)

False

54.

Aristarchus claimed that the sun was much smaller than Earth by relying on his geometric analysis of Earth's shadow during a lunar eclipse.

a)

True

b)

False

55.

The discovery of Jupiter's moons gave powerful evidence for the revolution of celestial objects, and for the fact that they do not orbit around Earth.

a)

True

b)

False

56.

What does the following displacement vs. time graph tell us about the motion of the object?

a)

The object is moving in the positive direction at a constant velocity.

b)

The object is decelerating in the positive direction.

c)

The object is at rest.

d)

The object is in uniform motion and headed in the negative direction.

57.

A car leaves the traffic lights accelerating steadily north in first gear for the first 24 m. If it took 4.0 s to cover this distance, what was the acceleration of the car?

a)

3.0 m/s2, North

b)

24 m/s2, North

c)

4.4 m/s2, North

d)

6.0 m/s2, North

58.

Refers to the actual path traveled by an object

a)

Distance

b)

Displacement

c)

Speed

d)

Velocity

e)

Acceleration

59.

Indicates the length as a straight line from the initial to the final position of an object

a)

Distance

b)

Displacement

c)

Speed

d)

Velocity

e)

Acceleration

60.

Measures the distance traveled by an object over time

a)

Distance

b)

Displacement

c)

Speed

d)

Velocity

e)

Acceleration

61.

Represents the ratio of displacement and time

a)

Distance

b)

Displacement

c)

Speed

d)

Velocity

e)

Acceleration

62.

Measures the rate of change of velocity over a period of time

a)

Distance

b)

Displacement

c)

Speed

d)

Velocity

e)

Acceleration

63.

In which of the following state(s) of motion can Newton's first law of motion be applied?

I.objects at rest

II.objects with constant velocity

III.objects with constant acceleration

a)

I and II

b)

I only

c)

III only

d)

I, II, and III

64.

Which force produces a change in motion?

a)

unbalanced force

b)

balanced force

c)

gravitational force

d)

frictional force

65.

A truck that is traveling at a constant speed is carrying some boxes of relief goods. If the truck comes to a sudden stop, what will most likely happen to the boxes?

a)

They will slide toward the front of the truck.

b)

They will stay in the middle of the truck.

c)

They will slide toward the back of the truck.

d)

They will fall off the side of the truck.

66.

A student throws a ball against a wall. Which statement explains what is happening in the picture?

a)

The force from the wall on the ball is equal and opposite to the force from the ball on the wall.

b)

The energy of the ball is destroyed as it strikes the wall.

c)

The energy of the ball becomes negative as it hits the wall.

d)

The force exerted by the ball on the wall is greater than the force exerted by the wall on the ball.

67.

If a force of 25 N is exerted on two balls, one with a mass of 3.5 kg and the other with a mass of 2.8 kg, which ball will have the greater acceleration?

a)

The one with a mass of 2.8 kg will have the greatest acceleration.

b)

They will both accelerate at the same rate.

c)

The one with a mass of 3.5 kg will have the greatest acceleration.

68.

Object A has twice the mass of Object B. Both objects are accelerating at the same rate. Which statement describes the motions of Object A and Object B?

a)

Object A requires twice the force to accelerate at the same rate as Object B.

b)

Object A is travelling at twice the speed as Object B.

c)

Object A is travelling at half the speed as Object B.

d)

Object A requires half the force to accelerate at the same rate as Object B.

69.

A fireman needs to hold a fire hose tightly because it tends to fly backward as water surges out from the hose. Which law of motion describes this scenario?

a)

Third law of motion

b)

Second law of motion

c)

First law of motion

70.

Which of the following does the acceleration of any free-falling object depend on?

a)

location

b)

inertia

c)

mass

d)

speed

71.

He added the idea of deferent and epicyclic motions to the geocentric model.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Claudius Ptolemy

c)

Galileo Galilei

d)

Eudoxus

e)

Johannes Kepler

72.

He used his own telescope to make astronomical observations that supported the heliocentric model.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Claudius Ptolemy

c)

Galileo Galilei

d)

Eudoxus

e)

Johannes Kepler

73.

He created the first model of a geocentric universe using the idea of celestial spheres.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Claudius Ptolemy

c)

Galileo Galilei

d)

Eudoxus

e)

Johannes Kepler

74.

His model has 53-56 spheres that guide the motion of the sun, moon, and the five then-known planets.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Claudius Ptolemy

c)

Galileo Galilei

d)

Eudoxus

e)

Johannes Kepler

75.

He developed the laws of planetary motion

a)

Aristotle

b)

Claudius Ptolemy

c)

Galileo Galilei

d)

Eudoxus

e)

Johannes Kepler

76.

In 1543, the revolutionary idea opposing the geocentric view of the universe had another chance. Who among the following astronomers argued that the sun is the center of the universe and that the retrograde motion of the planets naturally occurs because of the combined motion of Earth and other planets around the sun?

a)

Claudius Ptolemy

b)

Isaac Newton

c)

Nicolaus Copernicus

d)

Tycho Brahe

77.

What is the biggest contribution of Tycho Brahe to astronomy?

a)

the measurement of Earth's circumference

b)

the phases of Venus

c)

the heliocentric universe

d)

the accurate observation of stars and planets

78.

Which of the following does NOT describe Aristarchus' model of the universe?

a)

Sun was much larger than Earth by relying on his geometrical analysis of Earth’s shadow during a lunar eclipse.

b)

Earth is considered as the center of the universe.

c)

Smaller celestial bodies must orbit a larger one.

d)

Sun is placed at the center of the universe, around which the planets revolve.

79.

When does aphelion occur?

a)

When the sun is closest to the moon.

b)

When the earth is farthest to the sun.

c)

When the earth is closest to the sun.

d)

When the moon is closest to the earth.

80.

The planet moves slowest at the perihelion, and fastest at the aphelion.

a)

True

b)

False

81.

Identify which law of planetary motion is described

The motion of the planet changes throughout its revolution around the sun.

a)

First law

b)

Second law

c)

Third law

82.

Identify which law of planetary motion is described

The farther a planet’s average distance from the sun, the longer its orbital period.

a)

First law

b)

Second law

c)

Third law

83.

Identify which law of planetary motion is described

The orbit of the planet is an ellipse, with the sun located at one of the foci

a)

First law

b)

Second law

c)

Third law

84.

The Copernican model suggested the following except ____________.

a)

Earth's motion explains the retrograde motion of other planets.

b)

The planets, including the fixed stars, revolve around the earth, which is the center of the universe.

c)

Celestial motions are uniform, infinite and circular.

d)

Earth spins on a tilted axis that accounts for the season.

85.

Which of the following is a basis for the apparent speeding up or slowing down of planets?

a)

epicycle of the planet

b)

equant

c)

eccentric positions

d)

all of these

86.

Identify the one that does NOT belong to the group.

Geocentric model

a)

Eudoxus

b)

Ptolemy

c)

Aristotle

d)

Copernicus

87.

Identify the one that does NOT belong to the group.

Heliocentric model

a)

Aristotle

b)

Copernicus

c)

Galileo Galilei

d)

Aristarchus

88.

Identify the one that does NOT belong to the group.

Laws of Planetary Motion

a)

law of equal areas

b)

law of epicycles

c)

law of ellipses

d)

law of periods

89.

Identify the one that does NOT belong to the group.

Moons of Jupiter

a)

Ganymede

b)

Callisto

c)

Europa

d)

Titan

90.

Identify the one that does NOT belong to the group.

Galileo's astronomical discoveries

a)

lunar craters

b)

sunspots

c)

stellar parallax

d)

phases of Venus

91.

According to Galileo's view, which will reach the floor of the vacuum chamber first, a sheet of paper or a bowling ball?

a)

The bowling ball will reach the vacuum chamber.

b)

The sheet of paper will reach the vacuum chamber.

c)

They will not reach the floor and will be sucked in the vacuum.

d)

They will reach the floor at the same time.

92.

According to Aristotle, if you drop a heavy object and a low mass object from the same height at the same time, which will hit the ground first?

a)

low mass object

b)

Both objects will hit the ground at the same time.

c)

heavy object

93.

According to Galileo, an object in uniform motion will travel a distance that is proportional to _______.

a)

velocity

b)

acceleration

c)

time

d)

speed

94.

In a vacuum chamber, a 5-kg object and a 15-kg object were dropped at a certain height and at the same time. Which of the following objects will reach the ground first?

a)

a 5-kg object

b)

a 15-kg object

c)

Both objects will hit the ground at the same time.

95.

Which of the following does Galileo believe about motion?

a)

Objects move because of their elemental composition.

b)

Objects will continue to be in uniform motion if unimpeded.

c)

Heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects if there is no resistance.

d)

A violent motion is caused by an external force.

96.

quantity that causes something to move, and the resistance of the medium on which the object moves.

a)

motive force

b)

projectile motion

c)

uniform motion

d)

impetus

97.

involves an object moving only under the influence of gravity in a curved/parabolic path or trajectory

a)

motive force

b)

projectile motion

c)

uniform motion

d)

impetus

98.

involves constant speed or velocity

a)

motive force

b)

projectile motion

c)

uniform motion

d)

impetus

99.

impressed force that keeps a projectile in motion

a)

motive force

b)

projectile motion

c)

uniform motion

d)

impetus

100.

According to Galileo, a ball rolling down an inclined plane will pick up enough speed to roll up another plane. How high will it roll compared with its initial height if friction is negligible?

a)

It is the same as the original height.

b)

It depends on the smoothness of the inclined plane.

c)

It is lower than the original height.

d)

It is higher than the original height.

101.

Which of the following describes Galileo's inertia?

a)

An object with little inertia tends to have its rest or motion changed with difficulty.

b)

An object with little inertia tends to have its rest or motion changed easily.

c)

Inertia keeps objects moving.

d)

A lighter object has more inertia.

102.

Galileo's concepts of motion ultimately replaced those of Aristotle because of which central factor?

a)

Galileo was supported by the church.

b)

Galileo was given the freedom to publish and circulate his works.

c)

Galileo challenged Aristotle's authority.

d)

Galileo based his concepts upon experiments, measurements, and calculations.

103.

Identify whether the given describe Aristotle's or Galileo's views of motion.

Any two objects that are dropped together will fall together regardless of their weight if air resistance is negligible.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Galileo

104.

Identify whether the given describe Aristotle's or Galileo's views of motion.

Force is required to keep an object moving horizontally.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Galileo

105.

Identify whether the given describe Aristotle's or Galileo's views of motion.

Heavier objects fall much faster than lighter objects.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Galileo

106.

Identify whether the given describe Aristotle's or Galileo's views of motion.

Force is not needed to sustain the motion of an object.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Galileo

107.

Identify whether the given describe Aristotle's or Galileo's views of motion.

A projectile is influenced by vertical motion due to the force of gravity and horizontal motion that is uniform.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Galileo

108.

Identify whether the given describe Aristotle's or Galileo's views of motion.

The motion of an object is parallel to the ground until it is the object's time to fall back into the ground.

a)

Aristotle

b)

Galileo

109.

Which of the following describes this equation?

v ∝ F/R

a)

F is not needed to sustain motion.

b)

F must be lesser than R for an object to move.

c)

F must be greater than R for an object to move.

d)

F and R must be equal for an object to move.

110.

What does this equation imply?

v ∝ 1/t

a)

Heavier objects will take a shorter time to reach the ground than lighter ones.

b)

Heavier objects will take a longer time to reach the ground than lighter ones.

c)

Speed of an object is directly proportional to the time it takes to travel a certain height.

d)

Lighter objects would fall faster than heavier objects.

111.

Cart A has a mass of 2 kilograms and a speed of 3 meters per second. Cart B has a mass of 3 kilograms and a speed of 2 meters per second. Compared to the inertia and magnitude of the momentum of Cart A, cart B has ____________.

a)

greater inertia and a smaller magnitude of momentum

b)

greater inertia and the same magnitude of momentum

c)

the same inertia and a smaller magnitude of momentum

d)

the same inertia and the same magnitude of momentum

112.

Which object listed below has the greatest momentum?

a)

A 0.15 kg object rolling at 1 m/s.

b)

A 0.05 kg object rolling at 0.2 m/s.

c)

A 0.40 kg object rolling at 2 m/s.

d)

A 0.15 kg object rolling at 2 m/s.

113.

The impulse-momentum relationship is a direct result of Newton’s ___________.

a)

law of conservation of energy

b)

law of inertia

c)

law of acceleration

d)

law of interaction

114.

A roller coaster climbs up a hill at 5 m/s and then zips down the hill at 34 m/s. The momentum of the rollercoaster is __________

a)

is greater down the hill than up the hill.

b)

is zero throughout the ride.

c)

is greater up the hill than down the hill.

d)

remains the same throughout the ride.

115.

Suppose you find yourself teetering on the edge of a cliff or the roof of a tall building with a heavy physics book in your hand. As you are about to fall, you suddenly remember how physics can save you. What law did you remember?

a)

Law of Universal Gravitation

b)

Law of Conservation of Energy

c)

Law of Conservation of Momentum

d)

Law of Inertia

116.

Cart A is pulled with a 2 Newton force for 2 seconds, and Cart B is pulled with a 1 Newton force for 3 seconds. Which cart experiences the greatest impulse?

a)

undefined

b)

Cart B

c)

they are the same

d)

Cart A

117.

How do safety devices such as seatbelts, airbags, and crumple zones protect passengers in a car during a collision?

a)

decreasing the stopping time so that force is increased

b)

reducing the change in momentum to zero

c)

reducing the impulse

d)

increasing the stopping time so that force is decreased

118.

How do elastic and inelastic collisions differ from each other?

a)

Inelastic collisions are collisions where both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved, while in elastic collisions, only momentum is conserved.

b)

Elastic collisions are collisions where both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved, while in inelastic collisions, only momentum is conserved.

c)

Elastic collisions are collisions where only kinetic energy is conserved. while inelastic collisions are collisions where the two objects combine as one.

d)

Both elastic and inelastic are both collisions where only momentum is conserved.

119.

which law of motion is applicable for the following

Pushing a child on a swing is easier than pushing an adult on the same swing because the adult has more mass and requires more force to accelerate.

a)

Law of Inertia

b)

Law of Acceleration

c)

Law of Interaction

120.

which law of motion is applicable for the following

When you sit on a chair, your body exerts a downward force on the surface of the chair, while the chair exerts an equal and upward force on your body.

a)

Law of Inertia

b)

Law of Acceleration

c)

Law of Interaction

121.

which law of motion is applicable for the following

A runner who suddenly stops at the finish falls flat on his face because his body has the tendency to continue moving along the directions of motion.

a)

Law of Inertia

b)

Law of Acceleration

c)

Law of Interaction

122.

which law of motion is applicable for the following

In free fall, an object is pulled down by Earth. In response, Earth is also pulled upward by the object. However, the motion of Earth cannot be seen because its mass is larger than the free-falling object, which has little effect on Earth's acceleration.

a)

Law of Inertia

b)

Law of Acceleration

c)

Law of Interaction

123.

which law of motion is applicable for the following

It is much easier to carry your backpack when it is empty rather than when it's full of textbooks.

a)

Law of Inertia

b)

Law of Acceleration

c)

Law of Interaction

124.

which law of motion is applicable for the following

When you give your friend a lift on your bike, you have to pedal harder and faster to keep the same speed as you had when you were on your bike alone.

a)

Law of Inertia

b)

Law of Acceleration

c)

Law of Interaction

125.

Newton's first law of motion describes __________.

a)

the tendency of a moving or stationary object to resist any change in its state of motion

b)

a relationship between an applied force, the mass, and the acceleration

c)

the attractive force that exists between any two masses

d)

how forces always occur in matched pairs

126.

A 1,500 kg car is sitting at rest in a parking lot. A bike and rider with a total mass of 55 kg are traveling along a road at 10 km/h. Which system has more inertia? Why?

a)

The bike has more inertia, as its mass is less than the mass of the car.

b)

The car has more inertia, as its mass is less than the mass of the bike.

c)

The bike has more inertia, as its mass is greater than the mass of the car.

d)

The car has more inertia, as its mass is greater than the mass of the bike.

127.

Which of the following statements explains Newton's third law of motion?

a)

An object at rest tends to stay at rest.

b)

An object continues its motion until a net force acts on it.

c)

The acceleration of an object is based on the force applied.

d)

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

128.

If F1 is the force exerted on a cart by a horse and F2 is the force exerted on the horse by the cart, then F1 is _____ F2.

a)

slightly less than

b)

slightly greater than

c)

much greater than

d)

equal to

129.

What will happen to the acceleration of an object when you double the applied net force?

a)

It will increase two times.

b)

It will remain the same.

c)

It will increase three times.

d)

It will decrease two times.

130.

A book is sitting on a dashboard of a car that has stopped at a traffic light. As the car starts to move forward, the book slides off the dashboard. What is the best explanation for his?

a)

There is grease on the dashboard.

b)

A supernatural force has taken over.

c)

Air resistance has made the book move backward.

d)

The object has inertia,

131.

You push on a tree with 20 N of force. If the tree doesn't move, the tree is pushing back on you with _______ N of force.

a)

20 N

b)

40 N

c)

10 N

d)

30 N

132.

The same net force is applied to object A and object B. The observed accelerations of the two objects are not the same; object A has an acceleration three times that of object B. Which of the following is correct?

a)

Object A has three times the mass of object B.

b)

Object A has a different, less streamlined shape than object B.

c)

Object A has one-third the mass of object B.

d)

Object A has more friction than object B.

133.

A basketball with a mass of 0.630 kg is accelerated with a force of 11.0 N. If resisting forces are ignored, what is the acceleration of the basketball?

a)

11.6m/s211.6m/s^2

b)

17.5m/s217.5m/s^2

c)

6.93m/s26.93m/s^2

d)

0.0573m/s20.0573m/s^2

134.

A bowling ball rolled with a force of 15 N accelerates at a rate of 3.0m/s23.0m/s^2 ; a second ball rolled with the same force accelerates  4.0m/s24.0m/s^2 . What are the masses of the two balls? 

a)

  45 kg and 60 kg 

b)

  18 kg and 19 kg 

c)

  5.0 kg and 3.8 kg 

d)

  0.20 kg and 0.27 kg 

135.

When a space shuttle was launched, the astronauts onboard experienced an acceleration of 29.0m/s229.0m/s^2 .  If one of the astronauts had a mass of 60.0 kg, what net force in newtons did the astronaut experience?

a)

  1740 N 

b)

  2.07 N 

c)

  89.0 N 

d)

  0.483 N 

136.

A constant net force of 200 N is applied to accelerate a cart in a frictionless surface from rest to a velocity of 40 m/s in 10 s. What is the mass of the cart?

a)

0.50 kg

b)

0.02 kg

c)

250 kg

d)

50 kg

137.

What event will produce the greatest increase in the gravitational force between the two masses?

a)

Reducing the small mass by half

b)

Reducing the distance between the masses by half

c)

Doubling the distance between the masses

d)

Doubling the large mass

138.

What is the force of gravitational attraction between two 60.0 kg students who are standing 1.00 m apart?
 (G=6.673×10−11N⋅m2/kg2)\left(G=6.673\times10^{-11}N\cdot m^2/kg^2\right) 

a)

 2.40×107N2.40\times10^7N  

b)

 2.40×10−7N2.40\times10^{-7}N  

c)

 1.20×107N1.20\times10^7N  

d)

 1.20×10−7N1.20\times10^{-7}N  

139.

When comparing the momentum of two moving objects, which of the following is correct?

a)

the more massive object will have less momentum if its velocity is greater

b)

the object with the higher velocity will have less momentum if the masses are equal

c)

the more massive object will have less momentum if the velocities are the same

d)

the less massive object will have less momentum if the velocities are the same

140.

Which of the following has the greatest momentum?

a)

a roadrunner with a mass of 1.8 kg moving at a velocity of 6.7 m/s

b)

a turtle with a mass of 91 kg moving at a velocity of 1.4 m/s

c)

a tortoise with a mass of 275 kg moving at a velocity of 0.55 m/s

d)

a hare with a mass of 2.7 kg moving at a velocity of 7.5 m/s

141.

Which of the following has the smallest amount of momentum?

a)

A pickup truck traveling down the highway.

b)

A baby crawling on the floor.

c)

A college track athlete running a race.

d)

A large truck parked in a parking lot.

142.

A truck driving along a highway road has a large quantity of momentum. If it moves at the same speed but has twice as much mass, its momentum is ________________.

a)

zero

b)

quadrupled

c)

unchanged

d)

doubled

143.

A boxer quickly learns to move his head backward when he sees he is going to receive a jab to the head. What does this head motion accomplish?

a)

It decreases the contact time which decreases the force.

b)

It increases the contact time which decreases the force.

c)

It causes confusion on the opponent.

d)

It decreases the momentum and increases the force.

144.

A yellow cart with a mass of 0.50 kg is pulled with a 1.0 N force for 1 second. Another cart (green) with the same mass is pulled with a 2.0 N force for 0.50 seconds. Which cart has the greatest impulse?

a)

They have the same impulse.

b)

Cannot be determined.

c)

Yellow cart

d)

Green cart

145.

How does wearing a seatbelt reduce your chance of getting hurt during an accident?

a)

Seatbelts decrease the time it takes a person to stop moving

b)

Seatbelts increase momentum before collision

c)

Seatbelts reduce momentum during a collision

d)

Seatbelts cause friction

146.

An egg landing on a soft surface will remain intact. The surface increases the ______ and decreases the ______ during the impact.

a)

impulse, force

b)

force, time

c)

impulse, time

d)

time, force

147.

Which of the following does not describe impulse?

a)

It is the product of the force exerted on an object over a period of time to change its momentum.

b)

It is measured in Newton-seconds.

c)

The equation needed to calculate impulse is J=t/F.

d)

It is a vector quantity.

148.

The momentum-impulse theorem states that ______________.

a)

the impulse on an object is less than the change in momentum it causes

b)

the force on a moving object is equal to the magnitude of the impulse

c)

the impulse on an object is greater than the change in momentum it causes

d)

the impulse on an object is equal to the change in momentum it causes

149.

From which Newton's law of motion was the law of conservation of momentum derived?

a)

law of inertia

b)

law of universal gravitation

c)

law of interaction

d)

law of acceleration

150.

Two objects move separately after colliding, and both the total momentum and total kinetic energy are conserved. What is the type of collision?

a)

explosive collision

b)

inelastic collision

c)

elastic collision

d)

perfectly inelastic collision

151.

The two masses combine or stick together as one mass after a collision. What is the type of collision?

a)

perfectly elastic collision

b)

inelastic collision

c)

elastic collision

d)

perfectly inelastic collision

152.

Two swimmers with a mass of 48 kg and 52 kg, relax close together on air mattresses in a pool. According to the law of conservation of momentum, what happens to their momentum if they push away from each other?

a)

their total momentum doubles

b)

their total momentum decreases

c)

their momenta are equal but opposite

d)

their total momentum triples

153.

A football player kicks a ball with a 45 N force. Find the impulse if his foot stays in contact with the ball 0.010 s.

a)

4500 Ns

b)

0.45 Ns

c)

50. Ns

d)

0 Ns

154.

A carpenter uses a hammer to drive the nail into the wooden board. What force is exerted by the hammer on the nail if the hammer stays in contact with the nail for 0.3 s and has an impulse of 15 Ns?

a)

0 N

b)

0.02 N

c)

5 N

d)

50 N

155.

A rocket engine exerts a force of 505 N on a space probe for 5.00 seconds. The probe speeds up from rest to a speed of 25.0 m/s. What is its mass?

a)

119 kg

b)

20.2 kg

c)

2,530 kg

d)

101 kg

156.

A 4.0 kg bowling ball sliding to the right at 8.0 m/s has an elastic head-on collision with another 4.0 kg bowling ball initially at rest. The first ball stops after the collision. Find the velocity of the second ball after the collision.

a)

4.0 m/s to the left

b)

8.0 m/s to the left

c)

8.0 m/s to the right

d)

4.0 m/s to the right

157.

A 1 kg object moving to the right at 2 m/s collides inelastically with a 1 kg object moving to the left at 2 m/s. What is the final velocity of both objects?

a)

4 m/s to the right

b)

-2 m/s

c)

0 m/s

d)

1 m/s to the left

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