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Science benchmark review #4

Total questions: 158

Worksheet time: 2hrs 1mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The movement of deep, cold, nutrient filled water to the surface of the ocean is..

a)

Ocean Current

b)

Upwelling

c)

Deep Currents

d)

Surface Currents

2.

What affects the density of water?

a)

Salt

b)

Temperature

c)

The seasons of the year

d)

Both A and B

3.

Why is upwelling important?

a)

Upwelling regulates ocean temperature

b)

Upwelling provides nutrient rich water that sustains life

c)

Upwelling controls the tides

d)

Upwelling helps sailors to navigate the seas

4.
When surface currents meet continents they ___?
a)
Stop moving
b)
Are deflected (change paths)
c)
Continue in the direction they were going
5.
Two types of ocean currents are
a)
local and global
b)
sea and land
c)
surface and deep
d)
warm and cold
6.

What are a circular system of currents in the Earth's major oceans?

a)

ocean current

b)

gyre

c)

upwelling

d)

conveyor belt

7.

The Gulf Stream carries warm water to the North Atlantic Ocean, which contributes to

a)

a mild climate for the British Isles.

b)

a harsh winter in the British Isles.

c)

a cold-water surface current that flows to the British Isles.

d)

a warm-water surface current that flows along the coast of California.

8.

Ocean currents affect climates around the world. Based on the map, which area MOST likely has a warmer climate than expected?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

9.
Currents that occur at or near the surface of the ocean are called 
a)
Deep Currents
b)
Convection Currents
c)
Surface Currents
d)
Wave Currents
10.
The warm, strong current off the coast of Florida is the 
a)
Gulf Stream
b)
California Current
c)
North Equatorial Current
d)
Brazil Current
11.
Regular movements of water far below the oceans surface are called
a)
Warm Currents
b)
Deep Currents
c)
Shallow Currents
d)
Surface Currents
12.
Ocean currents bring warm water from the equator towards Earth's
a)
Southern Hemisphere
b)
Continents
c)
Equator
d)
Poles
13.
What causes surface currents north and south of the equator to move in different directions? 
a)
Gases in the ocean
b)
The rotation of the Earth
c)
Temperature differences
d)
Continental deflection
14.

Salinity is

a)

The salt content of a substance

b)

The Pepper content of a substance

c)

The circulation of hot and cold matter

d)

the weather pattern of a region

15.

What heats the Earth's oceans?

a)

People

b)

Boats

c)

a heater

d)

sun

16.
Surface currents are mainly caused by
a)
The Coriolis Effect
b)
Cold and Warm Water
c)
Convection
d)
Wind
17.
Ocean currents move energy in the form of
a)
Salt
b)
Water
c)
Heat
d)
Oxygen
18.

When one allele is not dominant over another, resulting in a blended phenotype for heterozygous offspring is considered....

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

19.

When one allele is not dominant over the other, resulting in both traits expressed in a heterozygous individual.....

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

20.

Some flowers are controlled by codominance. Red flowers (RR), blue flowers (BB) and Speckled flowers (RB).


Cross a red flower with a speckled flower. What is the phenotypic ratio?

a)

2 red, 2 speckled

b)

2 red, 2 blue

c)

2 blue, 2 speckled

21.

Some flowers are controlled by codominance. Red flowers (RR), blue flowers (BB) and Speckled flowers (RB).


Cross two speckled flowers.

a)

1 red, 2 speckled, 1 blue

b)

2 red, 2 blue

c)

2 blue, 2 speckled

d)

1 red, 1 speckled, 2 blue

22.

Some flowers are controlled by codominance. Red flowers (RR), blue flowers (BB) and Speckled flowers (RB).


Cross a red flower with a blue flower.

a)

1 red, 2 speckled, 1 blue

b)

2 red, 2 blue

c)

4 speckled

d)

1 red, 1 speckled, 2 blue

23.

Radish color is completely dominant, red and white are pure breeding colors. While heterozygous are purple.


Cros a red radish with a white.

a)

4 purple

b)

1 red, 2 purple, 1 white

c)

2 red, 2 white

d)

1 red, 1 purple, 2 white

24.

Radish color is completely dominant, red and white are pure breeding colors. While heterozygous are purple.


Cros a red radish with a purple.

a)

4 purple

b)

1 red, 2 purple, 1 white

c)

2 red, 2 purple

d)

1 red, 1 purple, 2 white

25.

Radish color is completely dominant, red and white are pure breeding colors. While heterozygous are purple.


Cros a white radish with a purple.

a)

4 purple

b)

1 red, 2 purple, 1 white

c)

2 purple, 2 white

d)

1 red, 1 purple, 2 white

26.

In mice coat color is incompletely dominant. Black and white are homozygous. Brown mice are heterozygous.


What is the genotype for a brown mouse?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

27.

In cattle red coats are represented as RR, and white coats are represented as WW.


What is the genotype for Roan color?

a)

RR

b)

RW

c)

WW

28.
The short-term condition of the atmosphere .
a)
Climate
b)
Weather
29.
Blizzards, Heatwaves, High winds are all examples of __________________ events.
a)
Climate
b)
Weather
30.

It is raining outside right now.

a)

weather

b)

climate

31.

Over the last decade we have had an increase in the amount of rain in our area.

a)

weather

b)

climate

32.

______ causes surface currents.

a)

The Coriolis Effect

b)

gravity

c)

density differences

d)

wind

33.

Decreasing ocean temperature causes the density of the water to ______.

a)

decrease

b)

increase

c)

stay the same

d)

fluctuate

34.

Nutrients are brought to the surface for phytoplankton to use at _______.

a)

gyres

b)

eddies

c)

upwellings

d)

the equator

35.

_______ causes the Coriolis Effect

a)

Earth's rotation

b)

gravity

c)

wind

d)

density

36.

The __________ is a surface current that flows along the eastern US and brings warm water to Europe.

a)

California Current

b)

Gulf Current

c)

North American Gyre

d)

Arctic Current

37.

________ and _______ affect the ocean's density and cause the Global Conveyor Belt to travel

a)

gravity and the Coriolis Effect

b)

temperature and salinity

c)

wind and climate

d)

temperature and the Coriolis Effect

38.

The more scientific name of the Global Conveyor Belt is _____.

a)

halinethermal circulation

b)

thermohaline circulation

c)

thermodensity circulation

39.
What causes wind to blow?
a)
Differences in longitude 
b)
Shock waves from clouds 
c)
Differences in air temperature and pressure 
d)
The rotation of the earth
40.
Which term best describes how the earth's atmosphere is heated?
a)
Spirally
b)
Unevenly
c)
Circularly
d)
Kinetically
41.
True or False:
Land heats and cools faster than water causing wind and weather.
a)
True
b)
False
42.
What winds blow from west to east in the temperate zone and move weather patterns across the United States?
a)
prevailing westerlies
b)
polar easterlies
c)
trade winds
d)
jet streams
43.
What are cold winds that blow from east to west in the polar regions?
a)
polar easterlies
b)
trade winds
c)
prevailing westerlies
d)
jet streams
44.
A windless zone at Earth’s equator where air rises almost straight up is called the _______________________.
a)
prevailing westerlies
b)
trade winds
c)
doldrums
d)
polar easterlies
45.
Why does warm air rise?
a)
Warm air is more dense than cooler air.
b)
Warm air has more pressure than cooler air.
c)
Warm air is less dense than cooler air.
d)
Warm air has a higher dew point than cooler air.
46.
What creates the air pressure difference between the equator and the poles?
a)
The length of the seasons
b)
The shape of the earth 
c)
the duration of the solar year
d)
The amount of direct sunlight each area receives 
47.

Where does the initial source of energy that creates winds come from?

a)

the moon

b)

the sun

c)

the Earth's surface

d)

the rotation of the Earth

48.

Green House gases

a)

absorb the sun's radiation and trap heat

b)

are good for our health

c)

absorb gravity and keep us attached to Earth

d)

expulse radiation to the sun and prevent us from getting to warm

49.

What would be Earth's temperature without green house gases?

a)

Earth's temperatures would be cold, oceans would freeze

b)

The same, green house gases do not affect Earth's temperature

c)

Earth's temperature would be 90 Fahrenheit

50.

What activity is increasing green house gases?

a)

Ocean and air currents

b)

Volcanic activity

c)

Plants activity

d)

Human activity

51.

what is greenhouse effect

a)

the process of reflecting the heat from the back to the outer space.

b)

it is the process of trapping of heat from the sun by the greenhouse gases.

52.

what happens when air is heated?

a)

it rises

b)

it decreases

c)

no effect

53.
True or False: All of the radiation from the Sun is absorbed by the Earth
a)
True
b)
False
54.
Without the Greenhouse Effect the Earth would be
a)
warm 
b)
cold
c)
dead
55.

How would Earth be different without greenhouse gases in its atmosphere?

a)

More heat from solar radiation would escape into space

b)

More solar radiation would be reflected back into space

c)

More solar radiatio would penetrate Earth's crust and mantle

d)

More heat from solar radiation would be stored in Earth's crust

56.
About 30% of the sun's incoming energy never reaches Earth because it is....
a)
absorbed by the ocean
b)
trapped by the gravitational pull between the moon and the Earth 
c)
reflected back into space
d)
destroyed by the ozone layer
57.
Greenhouse gases, in moderate amounts, keep the Earth's temperature stable
a)
True
b)
False
58.

What gas is known for increasing the amount of "trapped" heat in the atmosphere?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Methane

d)

Carbon Dioxide

59.
This is an image demonstrating...
a)
Tornado Formation
b)
The Greenhouse Effect
c)
Hurricane Formation
60.
Things you can do to help decrease global warming include:
a)
Eat more ice cream.
b)
Keep your freezer door open.
c)
Keep your air conditioner on high.
d)
Turn off your lights when you’re not using them.
61.
 Which of the following activities contributes the most to carbon emissions globally?
a)
Deforestation
b)
Agriculture
c)
Burning fossil fuels
d)
Respiration
62.

What is wind?

a)

Large scale movement of air caused by differences in air pressure and temperature

b)

Large scale movement of CO2 caused by differences in air pressure

c)

Large scale movement of air caused by differences in temperature

d)

Large scale movement of temperature caused by differences in air pressure

63.

Winds move from...

a)

high pressure to low pressure

b)

low pressure to high pressure

64.

Warm air...

a)

sinks

b)

rises

65.

Cold air ...

a)

sinks

b)

rises

66.

What weather is caused by low pressure?

a)

Clouds and rain (lousy)

b)

Clear skies (happy)

67.

True or false - warm air rises, cools and condenses and forms clouds, this is called low pressure

a)

True

b)

False

68.

What are trade winds?

a)

Surface winds blowing towards the equator

b)

Atmospheric winds

c)

Winds blowing away from the equator

d)

Low pressure winds

69.

Surface winds blowing towards the poles are called ...

a)

westerlies

b)

easterlies

c)

southerlies

d)

northerlies

70.

Differences in air pressure are caused by...?

a)

Differences in the earths rotation

b)

Differences in temperature

c)

Differences in rainfall

d)

Differences in sea level

71.
The equator is dominated by
a)
high pressure
b)
cold air
c)
low pressure
72.

Objects in the NORTHERN Hemisphere deflect to which direction due to the Coriolis Effect?

a)

Left (counter clockwise)

b)

Up (north)

c)

Down (south)

d)

Right (clockwise)

73.

What is the fundamental cause of air circulation in Earth's atmosphere?

a)

ocean currents moving from surface to deep ocean

b)

Earth's gravity losing it's pull

c)

energy from the sun heating earth unevenly

d)

Earth's magnetic field stopping

74.
The wind in a certain area is blowing from east to west. Which conclusion is most supported by this fact?
a)
the west is experiencing lower air pressure than the east
b)
the west is experiencing higher air pressure than the east
c)
the west is experiencing lower air temperature than the east
d)
the west is experiencing higher air temperature than the east
75.
How is air particle density related to air pressure?
a)
less dense air has a lower temperature
b)
less dense air has a higher pressure
c)
more dense air has a lower pressure
d)
more dense air has a higher pressure
76.
What is the Coriolis effect?
a)
wind curves across Earth's surface because of Earth's magnetism
b)
global wind patterns occur because of rising and sinking air
c)
global wind patterns occur because of high and low pressure
d)
wind curves across Earth's surface because of Earth's rotation
77.

What form of energy is the sun's light?

a)

Thermal

b)

Electrical

c)

Electromagnetic Radiation

d)

Nuclear

78.

What type of electromagnetic waves come from the sun?

a)

Visible Light

b)

Gamma Rays

c)

Infrared Radiation

d)

Ultraviolet Radiation

79.

What part of the atmosphere helps to protect us from UV rays?

a)

Exosphere

b)

Thermosphere

c)

Ozone

d)

Troposphere

80.

If there is 100% of the sun's energy entering the atmosphere, how much is leaving?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

81.

What are the two main Greenhouse gases?

a)

Methane

b)

Oxygen

c)

Carbon Dioxide

d)

Nitrogen

82.

What do the Greenhouse gases do to heat in the atmosphere?

a)

Absorb it.

b)

Reflect it.

c)

Trap it.

d)

Eliminate it.

83.

What is currently happening to the level of Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere due to human activity?

a)

Increasing

b)

Decreasing

c)

Staying the same

84.

What is thermal energy?

a)

The total amount of heat an object contains.

b)

How hot or cold an object is.

c)

The total energy of motion in the particles of a substance.

d)

How much heat is transferred from one object to another.

85.

What types of heat transfer occurs between two substances that are in direct contact with each other?

a)

Convection

b)

Conduction

c)

Radiation

86.

What type of heat transfer is given off by flames of a fire?

a)

Convection

b)

Conduction

c)

Radiation

87.

What direction does air move?

a)

High Pressure to High Pressure

b)

Low Pressure to Low Pressure

c)

High Pressure to Low Pressure

d)

Low Pressure to High Pressure

88.

What is created when air moves from high to low pressure?

a)

Precipitation

b)

Clouds

c)

Gas

d)

Wind

89.

Warm air rising creates an area of what?

a)

High Pressure

b)

Low Pressure

c)

No Pressure

90.

Warm air rising and cold air sinking creates what?

a)

Conduction

b)

Convection Currents

c)

Coriolis Effect

d)

Radiation

91.

Why does warm air rise and cold air sink?

a)

Warm air weighs more than cold air.

b)

Cold air weighs more than cold air.

c)

Warm air is more dense than cold air.

d)

Cold air is more dense than warm air.

92.

What instrument is used to measure wind speed?

a)

Wind Vane

b)

Wind Sock

c)

Wind Turbine

d)

Anemometer

93.

What type of wind blows from a body of water towards the land during the day?

a)

Sea Breeze

b)

Land Breeze

c)

Trade Wind

d)

East Wind

94.

Overall, where are the high pressure areas on Earth?

a)

North Pole

b)

South Pole

c)

Equator

d)

Eastern Hemisphere

95.

The way the Earth's rotation causes winds to curve is called what?

a)

Convection Currents

b)

Unequal Heating

c)

Coriolis Effect

d)

Conduction

96.

What are the Doldrums?

a)

A Global Wind Belt

b)

Trade Wind

c)

Global Calm Area

d)

Jet Stream

97.
The change over time in populations of related species.
a)
biological evolution
b)
transition
c)
variation
d)
adaptation
98.
These cause variations.
a)
mutations
b)
adaptations
c)
a desire to change
d)
injuries
99.
A slight difference in an inherited trait between individual members of the same species.
a)
variations
b)
adapatations
c)
homologous structures
d)
analogous structures
100.
An inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of surviving and reproducing.
a)
variation
b)
adaptation
c)
vestigial structure
d)
mutation
101.
The discovery of DNA and genes proved that
a)
Darwin was wrong
b)
mutations create variations and come from genes
c)
we are all the same species
d)
bats and butterflies have a very close common ancestor
102.
The study of the similarity and differences in body structures between species.
a)
comparative anatomy
b)
embryology
c)
molecular biology
d)
archaeology
103.
Body parts of organisms that are the same in structure and position but different in function.
a)
embryos
b)
homologous structures
c)
analogous structures
d)
vestigial structures
104.
Body parts that function like each other, but are different in structure.
a)
embryos
b)
homologous structures
c)
analogous structures
d)
vestigial structures
105.
Body parts that have lost their original function.
a)
embryos
b)
homologous structures
c)
analogous structures
d)
vestigial structures
106.
Organisms with these structures are believed to be closely related.
a)
analogous structures
b)
homologous structures 
c)
mutated DNA
d)
gills
107.
Organisms with these structures are NOT believed to be closely related.
a)
analogous structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
vestigial strucutres
d)
gills
108.
Organisms with these are believed to be related to an organism who once used the body part.
a)
analogous structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
vestigial structures 
d)
gills
109.
Studying the development of ____ can provide scientists with evidence that certain species are related.
a)
fish
b)
embryos
c)
Tiktaalik
d)
vestigial structures
110.
What structure on Tiktaalik links fish to humans?
a)
gills
b)
limbs
c)
embryos
d)
brain
111.
When an organism of a species is born with a variation in a trait that gives it an advantage in its environment, we call that trait an adaptation.
a)
true
b)
false
112.
When an organism of a species has an adaptation, it will compete for resources better, survive longer and pass that adaptation on to it's offspring. This process is called
a)
evolution by natural selection
b)
artificial selection
c)
inbreeding
d)
outbreeding
113.
What is it called when humans decide which traits of an organism are the most desirable and only allow those organisms with the specific, desired traits to breed.
a)
biological evolution
b)
evolution by natural selection
c)
artificial selection
d)
inbreeding
114.
When an organism has a trait that allows it to blend in with its environment, we call that ____.
a)
mimicry
b)
camouflage
c)
lucky
d)
sonic hedgehog gene
115.
When an organism has a trait that makes it resemble another species, either in looks or behavior, we call that ____
a)
mimicry
b)
camouflage
c)
copycatting
d)
sonic hedgehog gene
116.
The English naturalist that developed the theory of how evolution works.
a)
Charles Darwin
b)
Charles M. Schulz
c)
Charles Dickens
d)
Charles Norris
117.
Structures that are inherited from a common ancestor are homologous.
a)
True
b)
False
118.
Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. What is the reason for this?
a)
The function of these bones is the same in all animals
b)
They live in similar environments
c)
They have a common ancestor
d)
All organisms resemble humans
119.
Bird wings and butterfly wings are an example of
a)
Homologous structure
b)
Analogous structure
c)
Mimicry
d)
Camoflague
120.
Shark fins and dolphin fins are examples of analogous structures.
a)
True
b)
False
121.
Analogous structures show common ancestry.
a)
True
b)
False
122.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
123.
a)
Homologous
b)
Vesitigial
c)
Analogous
124.
a)
Homologous
b)
Vesitigial
c)
Analogous
125.
a)
homologous
b)
Vestigial
c)
Analogous
126.
a)
Homologous
b)
Vestigial
c)
Analogous
127.
a)
Homologous
b)
Vestigial
c)
Analogous
128.

What is a cladogram?

a)

Graph that shows animals

b)

Graph that tells us the functions of animals

c)

Graph that shows relations in organisms

d)

Graph representing the tree of life

129.

Which animals have eggs with shells?

a)

Amphibians

b)

Birds

c)

Sharks

d)

Crocodiles

130.

In the cladogram what do fish and lizards have in common?

a)

common mammal ancestor

b)

common jawed vertebrae ancestor

c)

common tetrapod ancestor

d)

common amniote ancestor

131.

The animals closest related to chimpanzees are

(a)  

132.

What are clads?

a)

branches

b)

branches of government

c)

families

d)

Grouping of organisms

133.

True or false: The closer the branch, the closer the species

a)

True

b)

False

134.

Which animals have amniotic eggs?

a)

Rabbits & Rodents

b)

Primates

c)

Crocodiles

d)

Birds

135.

Which animals are closest to Rabbits & Rodents?

a)

Sharks

b)

Primates

c)

Birds

d)

Amphibians

136.

On the cladogram, which feature do all the organisms have?

a)

hair

b)

eggs with shells

c)

vertebrae

d)

four limbs

137.

What type of front is shown?

a)

Warm Front

b)

Cold Front

138.

How does the air in this type of front move?

a)

Warm air slowly moves over cold air

b)

Warm air slowly moves under cold air.

c)

Cold air moves over warm air.

d)

Warm air meets cold air and cannot move

139.

Which type of front is displayed?

a)

Cold

b)

Warm

140.

What direction is the cold front moving on the map?

a)

Southwest (towards the bottom left corner)

b)

Northwest (towards the top left corner)

c)

Southeast (towards the bottom right corner)

d)

Northeast (towards the top right corner)

141.

What direction is the warm front moving on the map?

a)

North (towards the top)

b)

South (towards the bottom)

c)

East (towards the right)

d)

West (towards the left)

142.

Which is the correct symbol for a warm front?

a)
b)
c)
d)
143.

Which is the correct symbol for a cold front?

a)
b)
c)
d)
144.

A front is

a)

where warm air is cooling at earth's surface

b)

a boundary where hot and cold air are separating

c)

a boundary where two different air masses meet

d)

where cold air is rising and forming rain clouds

145.

What type of front would form when an air mass with a temperature of 89˚ F moved towards and air mass with a temperature of 65˚ F?

a)

cold front

b)

warm front

146.

Which air mass is more dense?

a)

a cold air mass

b)

a warm air mass

147.
A cold front usually brings what kind of weather?
a)
snow  
b)
sunny and fair
c)
heavy rain and/or thunderstorms 
d)
 cool and dry 
148.

It has been overcast and lightly raining for DAYS. On the news you hear that tomorrow the rain is supposed to stop and temperatures will be a little warmer. What type of front are we experiencing?

a)

warm front

b)

cold front

149.

What type of front is the starred city experiencing?

a)

cold front

b)

warm front

150.

What type of front is the starred city experiencing?

a)

cold front

b)

warm front

151.

What type of weather is the starred city experiencing?

a)

long lasting, intense storms

b)

long lasting, gentle storms

c)

quick, intense storms

d)

quick, gentle storms

152.

Which location would have warmer, more humid weather?

a)

A

b)

B

153.

Which of the following is NOT considered a living organisms?

a)

paramecium

b)

yest

c)

virus

d)

bacterium

e)

amoeba

154.

Viruses can reproduce on their own without a living cell.

a)

true

b)

false

155.

Which of the following have membrane bound organelles?

a)

prokaryote

b)

eukaryote

c)

both

156.

What is the name of the theory that eukaryotic cells evolved from a symbiotic relationship between prokaryotic cells?

a)

endocytosis theory

b)

cooperative theory

c)

exocytosis theory

d)

endosymbiotic theory

157.

Which of the following are evidence in support of the endosymbiotic theory? (pick 3)

a)

Chloroplasts and mitochondria have an additional membrane surrounding the organelle.

b)

Mitochondria and chloroplasts can break away from eukaryotic cells and live on their own.

c)

Mitochondria are also found in early species of bacteria.

d)

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in size to some bacteria.

e)

Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA.

158.

Isn't this fun ? :)

a)

YES

b)

A little

c)

Kind of

d)

OF COURSE IT IS !

e)

Maybe

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