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Principles of inheritance and variation

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 2hrs 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Conditions of a karyotype 2n+1 and 2n ± \pm\   2 is called

a)

Monosomy

b)

Aneuploidy

c)

Alloploidy

d)

Polyploidy

2.

Trisomy -21 is

a)

Down's syndrome

b)

Patau's syndrome

c)

Kleinfelter's syndrome

d)

Turner's syndrome

3.

XO females are

a)

Klinefelter's syndrome

b)

Turner's syndrome

c)

Patau's syndrome

d)

Down's syndrome

4.

Mendel's law of Independent assortment does not hold true for the genes that are located closely on

a)

same chromosome

b)

non homologous chromosomes

c)

X-chromosome

d)

autosome

5.

A trait that “overpowers” and hide another trait is called:

a)

Overpowering trait

b)

Complex trait

c)

Recessive trait

d)

Dominant Trait

6.

Why is hemophilia a disease that is more commonly seen in males?

a)

Both (2) and (3)

b)

The disease is Y- linked

c)

The disease is X- linked

d)

None of the above

7.

An individual’s collection of genes is called ______

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

c)

Trait

d)

None of the above

8.

A cross between two tall plants resulted in offspring having few dwarf plants. What would be the genotypes of both the parents?

a)

TT and Tt

b)

Tt and Tt

c)

TT and TT

d)

Tt and tt

9.

In a dihybrid cross, if you get 9:3:3:1 ratio it denotes that:

a)

The alleles of two genes are interacting with each other

b)

It is a multigenic inheritance

c)

It is a case of multiple allelism

d)

The alleles of two genes are segregating independently.

10.

The subject that deals with inheritance and variation is called __________

a)

Heredity

b)

Variation

c)

Genetics

11.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Mendel's experiment?

a)

Experiments had small sampling size

b)

Each character of garden pea used had two opposing traits.

c)

Statistical analysis and mathematical logic were applied to problems in biology.

12.

Choose the option that shows recessive traits in pea plant

a)

tall height

b)

violet flower

c)

axial flower position

d)

green seed colour

13.

A true breeding pea plant variety is the one that shows _____________________

a)

Varying traits every generation after undergoing continuous cross pollination.

b)

stable trait inheritance every generation after undergoing continuous self pollination.

14.

Which of the following shows the characteristics of F1 progeny plants in Mendel's monohybrid cross experiments?

a)

F1 resembled either one of the parents and the trait of the other parent was not seen.

b)

F1 did not resemble either of the parents, and was in between the two.

c)

F1 resembled both the parents

15.

When a red flowered snapdragon plant is crossed with a white flowered snapdragon plant, the F1 progeny shows _______________ colored flowers.

a)

Red

b)

Pink

c)

white

16.

Identify the Mendel's Law that states that though the parents contain both the alleles, during gamete formation alleles will separate and each gamete will get only one allele.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Independent assortment

c)

Law of segregation

17.

In Mendel's experiment, when tall pea plants were crossed with dwarf pea plants, F1 generation showed all tall plants (dominant trait). The recessive trait dwarfness did not get expressed because ________________

a)

the allele responsible, produced normal enzyme for tallness.

b)

the allele responsible, produced no enzyme for the expression of tallness.

18.

How many pairs of contrasting characters in pea plants were studied by Mendel in his experiments?

a)

Eight

b)

seven

c)

Five

d)

Six

19.

Multiple alleles are present

a)

At the same locus of the chromosome

b)

On non-sister chromatids

c)

On different chromosomes

d)

At different loci on the same chromosome

20.

A gene showing codominance has

a)

Alleles that are recessive to each other

b)

Both alleles independently expressed in the heterozygote

c)

One allele dominant on the other

d)

Alleles tightly linked on the same chromosome

21.

In his classic experiments on pea plants, Mendel did not use

a)

Seed shape

b)

Flower position

c)

Seed colour

d)

Pod length

22.

Genes do not occur in pair in

a)

Zygote

b)

Somatic cell

c)

Endosperm cells

d)

Gametes

23.

The recombinant phenotypic ratio in F2 obtained from parental cross having genotypes TTRR x ttrr will be

a)

9 : 3 : 3 : 1

b)

3 : 1

c)

1 : 2 : 1

d)

3 : 36

24.

A tall red-flowered pea plant after crossing with a dwarf white-flowered plant yields only tall red-flowered plants. A test cross shall give a ratio of

a)

1 : 1

b)

3 : 1

c)

1 : 2 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 2 : 1

d)

1 : 1 : 1 : 1

25.

Mendel did not propose the theory of –

a)

dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

segregation

d)

independent assortment

26.

Pleiotropic gene has –

a)

single genotype

b)

multiple genotype

c)

multiple phenotype

d)

single phenotype

27.

Linkage was discovered by

a)

Mendel

b)

Morgan

c)

Crick

d)

Muller

28.

What will be the number of linkage groups in a cell having 2n = 20?

a)

15

b)

40

c)

10

d)

4

29.

Column A Column B

I. Gene ------------------------ A. Homozygote

II. TT -------------------------- B. DNA

III. Alternate form of gene---- C. Dihybrid cross

IV. TtRr x TtRr ---------------------- D. Allele

The correct match is –

a)

I – B, II – A, III – D, IV – C

b)

I – D, II – A, III – B, IV – C

c)

I – D, II – B, III – A, IV – C

d)

I – B, II – C, III – D, IV – A

30.

Linkage is

a)

Stronger between genes located far away from each other upon the chromosome

b)

Stronger between genes located close together upon the chromosome

c)

Strength of linkage is not dependent upon the distance between the genes

d)

It depends upon the nature of the concerned genes

31.

X and Y-chromosomes are

a)

Only morphologically similar

b)

Only morphologically dissimilar

c)

Morphologically as well as genetically dissimilar

d)

None are correct.

32.

X and Y-chromosomes are

a)

Only morphologically similar

b)

Only morphologically dissimilar

c)

Morphologically as well as genetically dissimilar

d)

None are correct.

33.

An organism is a hybrid genotype (Tt) but is appears tall instead of short.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

34.

If your genotype is Bb, then you can only pass a B or b to your child but you can't pass both.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

35.

There are more right-handed people in the world.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

law of Independent Assortment

36.

One gene for the type of earlobes a person will have will be in each gamete.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Independent Assortment

c)

Law of Segregation

37.

Which of Mendel's laws states that alleles are separated during meiosis?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

38.

If a dominant allele is present, the trait will always appear in the organism.

a)

Law of Segregation

b)

Law of Dominance

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

39.

Law of Segregation

a)

every organism has two alleles which separate when gametes are produced

b)

alleles for traits are the same

c)

genes from different traits are inherited independently of one another

d)

the allele combination of an organism

40.

Which of Mendel's laws states that alleles are separated during meiosis?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

41.

If a dominant allele is present, the trait will always appear in the organism.

a)

Law of Segregation

b)

Law of Dominance

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

42.
Heredity is the passing of traits from _____________________ to _____________________
a)
predators to prey
b)
water to rain
c)
parents to offspring
d)
fungi to protists
43.
___________________________ is the study of how traits are passed on, or inherited.
a)
dominant traits
b)
ratio
c)
phenotype
d)
genetics
44.
_____________________ are cells that join to make offspring
a)
speed cells
b)
sex cells
c)
pea cells
d)
pedigree cells
45.
If a child has red hair, they inherited a certain _______________ from their parents.
a)
ratio
b)
trait
c)
probability
d)
sex chromosome
46.

2 IDENTICAL alleles for the same trait. John has 2 genes for brown eyes so he is ___

a)

dominant

b)

recessive

c)

homozygous

d)

heterozygous

47.

DIFFERENT alleles for the same trait. Sue has 1 gene for brown eyes and 1 gene for blue eyes so she is ___

a)

dominant

b)

recessive

c)

homozygous

d)

heterozygous

48.

The gene that is expressed. Brown eyes are ___ over blue.

a)

dominant

b)

recessive

c)

homozygous

d)

heterozygous

49.

The gene that is hidden unless both genes are present.

a)

dominant

b)

recessive

c)

homozygous

d)

heterozygous

50.

A specific characteristics. Mendel looked at 7 different ___ in peas such as color and shape.

a)

trait

b)

allele

c)

self-pollination

d)

cross-pollination

51.

One of a number of different forms of a gene. The two ___ for pea color is yellow and green.

a)

trait

b)

allele

c)

self-pollination

d)

cross-pollination

52.

Mendel took the pollen from one pea plant and placed it onto the pistil of a second pea plants. This is ___.

a)

trait

b)

allele

c)

self-pollination

d)

cross-pollination

53.

John has 2 genes for blue eyes. His GENEOTYPE is __

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

54.

Sally's genotype is heterozygous. Her genotype is written as ....

a)

D D

b)

D d

c)

d d

55.

A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. There are hundreds of ___ on each chromosome.

a)

gene

b)

phenotype

c)

genotype

d)

probability

56.

The physical characteristics of an organism that is expressed. John has blue eyes and brown hair.

a)

gene

b)

phenotype

c)

genotype

d)

probability

57.

The genetic makeup of an organism. John has 2 genes that are homozygous recessive for eye color {e e }

a)

gene

b)

phenotype

c)

genotype

d)

probability

58.

Brown eyes are dominant over blue eyes.

B - brown eyes. b - blue eyes

Baby Ethan is homozygous recessive for blue eyes


Baby Ethan's phenotype is _____

a)

brown eyes

b)

blue eyes

c)

B B

d)

B b

e)

b b

59.

Brown eyes are dominant over blue eyes.

B - brown eyes. b - blue eyes

Baby Ethan is homozygous recessive for blue eyes


Baby Ethan's genotype is _____

a)

brown eyes

b)

blue eyes

c)

B B

d)

B b

e)

b b

60.

Sections of DNA that provides the instructions for making a protein.

a)

HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES

b)

ALLELES

c)

GENES

d)

HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES

e)

NO CORRECT ANSWER

61.

Different Versions of the same gene.

a)

ALLELES

b)

GENES

c)

HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES

d)

HETEROZYGOUS

e)

TWO ANSWERS ARE CORRECT

62.

Chromosomes in which one set comes from mom and one set comes from dad.

a)

HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES

b)

SEX CHROMOSOMES

c)

AUTOSOMES

d)

HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES

e)

NO CORRECT ANSWER

63.

Having two of the same alleles. ex. (AA, aa)

a)

DOMINANT

b)

HOMOZYGOUS

c)

RECESSIVE

d)

HETEROZYGOUS

e)

TWO ANSWERS ARE CORRECT

64.

Having two different alleles ex. (Rr)

a)

RECESSIVE

b)

HETEROZYGOUS

c)

HOMOZYGOUS

d)

DOMINANT

e)

NO CORRECT ANSWER

65.

An allele if present, will always have that trait expressed. (seen)

a)

GENOTYPE

b)

HOMOZYGOUS

c)

RECESSIVE

d)

DOMINANT

66.

An allele that will only have the trait expressed (seen when dominant allele is not present.

a)

DOMINANT

b)

RECESSIVE

c)

HOMOZYGOUS

d)

PHENOTYPE

e)

NO CORRECT ANSWER

67.

The alleles you inherit. ex. The alleles for eye color.

a)

PHENOTYPE

b)

ALLELES

c)

GENOTYPE

d)

HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES

e)

NO CORRECT ANSWER

68.

The physical traits (characteristics) seen in an organism. ex. Red hair

a)

ALLELE

b)

GENOTYPE

c)

PHENOTYPE

d)

GENE

e)

NO CORRECT ANSWER

69.

A diagram that shows the probability of inheriting traits from parents with certain genes. (alleles)

a)

KARYOTYPE

b)

PUNNETT SQUARE

c)

PEDIGREE

d)

FAMILY TREE

e)

NO CORRECT ANSWER

70.

The assortment of chromosomes for one trait doesn‘t affect the assortment of chromosomes for another trait.

a)

LAW OF SEGREGATION

b)

LAW OF DOMINANCE

c)

LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT

d)

MENDELS 1ST LAW

e)

TWO ANSWERS ARE CORRECT

71.

When chromosomes separate in meiosis, each gamete (egg or sperm) will receive only one chromosome from each pair.

a)

LAW OF SEGREGATION

b)

LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT

c)

LAW OF DOMINANCE

d)

MENDELS 4TH LAW

e)

NO CORRECT ANSWER

72.

A dominant (strong) allele will express itself over a recessive (weak) allele.

a)

LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT

b)

LAW OF SEGREGATION

c)

LAW OF DOMINANCE

d)

BOYL'S LAW

e)

TWO ANSWERS ARE CORRECT

73.

The process by which genetic information is passed on from parent to child.

a)

INHERITANCE

b)

EPISTASIS

c)

PEDIGREE

d)

DUPLICATION

74.

An individual who is capable of passing on a genetic mutation associated with a disease and may not display disease symptoms.

a)

CODOMINANCE

b)

CARRIER

c)

INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE

d)

RECESSIVE