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Worksheetsbyu anatomy final 4-7
Total questions: 112
Worksheet time: 56mins
What type of neural stimulation is received by rods and cones?
chemoreceptors
photoreceptors
thermoreceptors
mechanoreceptors
Which part of the ear contains auditory ossicles that transfer the sound vibrations to the cochlea?
the middle ear
the cochlea
the acoustic canal
the tympanum
When an electrical signal gets to the end of an axon, what causes the signal to continue to the next neuron?
potassium
the cell body
a dendrite
neurotransmitters
Which division of the nervous system receives stimuli directly from the environment?
peripheral nervous system
central nervous system
spinal cord
When an electrical impulse reaches the end of the neuron, it triggers the release of what?
axon
neurotransmitters
dendrites
potassium
What structure on the neuron sends signals to organs and muscles?
axons
dendrites
cell body
Physically painful withdrawal symptoms occur when a person stops an addiction to which type of drug?
marijuana
heroin
inhalants
How can diabetes mellitus be treated?
drinking extra water
eating more food
taking glucagon shots
taking insulin shots
Which drug stimulates the CNS?
cocaine
alcohol
heroin
Which of the following hormones is responsible for bringing blood glucose levels down?
glucagon
melatonin
insulin
testosterone
What type of neural stimulation do the olfactory nerves receive?
chemoreceptors
mechanoreceptors
thermoreceptors
photoreceptors
What is the largest part of the brain and controls personality and logic?
cerebellum
cerebrum
hypothalamus
Which drug is a depressant of the CNS?
cocaine
alcohol
heroin
How do nerve impulses travel through a neuron?
mechanically
electrically
chemically
Which part of the brain is the center of the endocrine system and releases hormones?
cerebellum
cerebrum
hypothalamus
Hormone-producing organs belong to which body system?
digestive system
nervous system
endocrine system
exocrine system
Which statement is false?
Drugs affect the normal levels of neurotransmitters.
Marijuana can decrease your ability to learn and memorize.
Drug addiction is a relatively new problem in the world.
Which statement is false?
The endocrine system is another way the body communicates.
Hormones affect the body quicker than nerve signals.
Hormones from the endocrine system travel in the blood.
If a baseball were to hit you in the shoulder, what two types of stimuli would your PNS generate?
mechanoreceptor and nociceptor
photoreceptor and nociceptor
photoreceptor and chemoreceptor
mechanoreceptor and chemoreceptor
Where is the occipital lobe in relation to the frontal lobe of the cerebrum?
superior and distal
inferior and anterior
inferior and posterior
superior and anterior
How much does the charge on a neuron have to decrease in order to get to the threshold level?
from −70 mV to neutral
from −70 mV to −50 mV
from −70 mV to −20 mV
Which part of the endocrine system is a link between the endocrine system and the nervous system?
thyroid
hypothalamus
adrenal gland
thymus
Which drug is a narcotic of opium?
cocaine
alcohol
heroin
What type of drug slows down the CNS?
narcotic
depressant
stimulant
What part of the ear contains the hair cells that detect and send sound stimuli to the brain?
the acoustic canal
the cochlea
the middle ear
the tympanum
If the brain recognizes that an image coming through the eye is out of focus, what adjustment would be made in the eye to focus the image?
The iris would shrink the size of the pupil.
The lacrimal duct would produce more liquid to clean the cornea.
The lens would change shape to focus the image on the fovea.
The cornea would change shape to focus the image on the fovea.
Which division of the nervous system includes the brain and the spinal cord?
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system
neurons
What is the basic unit of the nervous system?
brain
neurons
spinal cord
Which part of the brain coordinates movement?
cerebellum
cerebrum
hypothalamus
What is the charge of a neuron at rest?
+70 mV
no charge
−50 mV
−70 mV
What structure on the neuron receives signals?
axons
dendrites
cell body
What is the function of neurotransmitters?
to transmit nerve impulses through dendrites
to transmit nerve impulses across a synapse
to release hormones into the blood
Where does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place?
bronchioles
bronchi
alveoli
What causes the “lub-dub” sound that our heart makes?
blood moving
valves opening and closing
muscles contracting
What does oxygen allow cells in the body to do?
control breathing rate
break down glucose into ATP energy
create red blood cells
What structure keeps food and liquids from being swallowed into the lungs?
trachea
larynx
epiglottis
What condition involves the hardening of arteries from plaque?
atherosclerosis
arteriosclerosis
stroke
Where do white blood cells spend the majority of their lifespan?
in the bloodstream
in the lungs
in body tissue
What type of blood vessel contains deoxygenated blood?
alveoli
arteries
veins
What is the lining of arteries and veins made of that helps them propel blood?
valves
mucous membranes
smooth muscle
The majority of blood is made up of which substance?
water
white blood cells
oxygen
What is the function of platelets?
carry oxygen to cells of the body
fight infections, toxins, and cancers
create blood clots
What type of blood vessel contains oxygenated blood?
arteries
bronchioles
veins
Which chamber of the heart pumps blood through the aorta to the body?
right atria
left atria
right ventricle
left ventricle
What protects your trachea from being damaged?
bones
cartilage rings
the epiglottis
What causes the heart to begin beating?
sinoatrial node (SA)
cardiac muscle cells
medulla oblongata
atrioventricular node (AV)
If you notice a person’s skin and eyes are yellow, what organ is not working properly?
liver
lymph nodes
spleen
What is the function of red blood cells?
carry oxygen to cells of the body
fight infections, toxins, and cancers
create blood clots
Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
right atria
left atria
right ventricle
left ventricle
Smoking can contribute to what conditions?
heart disease
lung cancer
hypertension
all of the above
What structure in your brain responds to chemical stimuli to control breathing rate?
medulla oblongata
pons
cerebrum
Which lifestyle would contribute to cardiovascular disease?
eating vegetables
regular exercise
a high fat diet
What structure can produce different pitches of sound?
trachea
larynx
epiglottis
What muscle aids in breathing?
the diaphragm
the pharynx
the bronchi
What condition involves a blood clot in the brain?
atherosclerosis
heart attack
stroke
What is the function of white blood cells?
carry oxygen to cells of the body
fight infections, toxins, and cancers
cause the creation of blood clots
Which enzyme is released into the stomach and intestines and starts to digest proteins?
pepsin
amylase
bile
If you were lactose intolerant, what foods would you have difficulty eating?
bread
milk products
fats
What is the cause of gallstones?
calcium deposits from the stomach
cholesterol in bile that crystallizes
a malfunctioning liver
Movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract is mostly aided by what?
pressure from more food
gravity
smooth muscles
Which compounds make a carbohydrate?
amino acids
monosaccharides
fatty acids
Which of the following is a macronutrient?
carbohydrates
vitamins
minerals
How many amino acids can our body synthesize on its own?
11
20
40
Which enzyme is produced by the liver and helps digest fats?
pepsin
amylase
bile
Which of the following statements best describes osmosis?
water moving from an area of low concentration of water to an area of high concentration of water
ions moving from an area of high ion concentration to low ion concentration
ions moving from an area of low ion concentration to high ion concentration
water moving from an area of high concentration of water to an area of low concentration of water
What is the food called after it leaves the stomach?
feces
chime
bolus
What is the function of the glomerulus?
Filters all waste out of the blood
reabsorb needed nutrients, ions, and water back into the blood
control movement of urine out of the body
Diffuse molecules across the membranes
What is the function of an enzyme?
It breaks down food particles.
It releases digestive juices into the intestines.
It speeds up the rate of chemical reactions in the body.
It releases energy for cells.
Where are feces stored before they are expelled through the anus?
cecum
appendix
rectum
What is the function of the villi in the small intestine?
move food through the small intestine
increase the surface area of the small intestine
break down proteins
Which of the following contains the most energy per gram?
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
Which of the following is a micronutrient?
proteins
vitamins
carbohydrates
What disorder involves self-starvation, oftentimes caused by an obsession with losing weight?
scurvy
anorexia
bulimia
If a person begins to exercise, CO2 will begin to build up in the blood. CO2 will cause pH to go down. What will the body do to raise the pH back to normal levels?
Breathing rate will decrease to get rid of CO2.
Endocrine glands will excrete a base into the blood.
Endocrine glands will excrete an acid into the blood.
Breathing rate will increase to get rid of CO2.
After molecules are filtered in the glomerulus of the kidney, they enter a tube called the loop of Henle. What is the function of the loop of Henle?
filter more wastes out of the blood
reabsorb needed nutrients, ions, and water back into the blood
control movement of urine out of the body
diffuse molecules across the membranes
Ulcers in the stomach have recently been found to be caused by what?
a bacterial infection
too much stress
too much stomach acid
Which compounds make a protein?
amino acids
monosaccharides
fatty acids
Which compounds make a lipid?
amino acids
monosaccharides
fatty acids
What disorder occurs because you do not get enough vitamin C in your diet?
scurvy
anorexia
bulimia
When the bladder fills, a sensation is created in the walls of the bladder telling the body to urinate. What structure controls the excretion of urine out of the body?
ureter
nephron
kidney
external urethral sphincter
What do macronutrients do for us?
help our bodies undergo specific functions
provide the raw materials used to build our bodies
facilitate biochemical reactions
What percent of the United States is labeled as overweight?
10
55
35
What enzyme is secreted by the salivary glands and helps break down carbohydrates?
pepsin
amylase
bile
What do micronutrients do for us?
contain the raw materials to build our bodies
contain energy for our bodies
help our bodies undergo specific functions
What disorder involves a person eating large amounts and then vomiting?
scurvy
anorexia
bulimia
What structure helps facilitate the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between mother and baby?
oviduct
placenta
endoderm
How many chromosomes do humans have in their somatic cells?
23
92
46
How often does the menstrual cycle or ovulation occur?
once a week
once a year
once a month
What of the following is considered ovulation?
when the oocyte attaches to the uterus
when an oocyte is released from the ovary
when fertilization of the egg occurs
What is a teratogen?
an essential nutrient that the fetus needs
a substance that can interrupt the proper development of a baby
a substance that is produced by a developing fetus
What does the hormone oxytocin do?
creates the placenta during implantation
causes the uterus to contract during labor
helps the fetus to grow
Which of the following produces eggs?
ovary
testes
uterus
Which statement describes ovulation?
when the egg implants in the uterus
when the sperm and egg fuse together
when an egg leaves the ovary
Which statement describes fertilization?
when the egg implants in the uterus
when the sperm and egg fuse together
when an egg leaves the ovary
Which statement is false about the third trimester?
the largest amount of growth takes place
the heart and lungs develop so they are ready to work outside of the mother
the embryo implants in the uterus
Which type of twin is produced from the same sperm and egg?
fraternal
identical
What is the baby called after fertilization takes place?
fetus
blastocyst
zygote
Which of the following produces sperm?
ovary
testes
uterus
What is the baby called after about seven days when it is made up of about one hundred cells?
fetus
blastocyst
zygote
Which statement is true regarding trisomy?
Trisomy is a condition where an embryo has an extra chromosome.
Trisomy is a way of treating genetic defects.
Trisomy is a condition where one chromosome exchanges DNA with another chromosome.
Trisomy is a condition where chromosomes are missing from the new embryo.
What is the baby called during the second and third trimesters?
fetus
blastocyst
zygote
What occurs in the epididymus?
Sperm become mature.
Sperm are produced.
Fluid is released into the sperm.
Choose the description below that contains all true statements about egg production.
starts production before birth, meiosis produces one mature egg, egg is haploid
starts production at puberty, meiosis produces four eggs, eggs are diploid
starts production before birth. meiosis produces four mature eggs, eggs are haploid
starts production at puberty, meiosis produces one mature egg, egg is diploid
What statement is false concerning fetal alcohol syndrome?
The mother can have alcohol during the third trimester with no effect on the child.
Physical deformities will occur.
The newborn will have mental disabilities.
What tissue does an egg implant on inside the uterus?
endometrium
cervix
cilia
During what period of development is it most critical for the mother to avoid dangerous substances?
second trimester
eight-week embryonic stage
third trimester
What is a stem cell?
the cells that are found in the central nervous system
a cell that can differentiate and become any type of human cell
the name of a fertilized egg
Which type of cell layer in the embryo will become the skin and brain?
endoderm
mesoderm
ectoderm
Which of the following is the function of the cilia in the oviducts?
The cilia release oocytes.
They propel the oocyte towards the uterus.
Eggs implant on the cilia.
What would be the consequence of a boy’s pituitary gland not producing any follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?
no body hair growth
no sperm production
no testosterone production
entire body’s growth would be stunted
What body system controls the majority of the reproductive system?
circulatory system
endocrine system
nervous system
respiratory system
Which statement describes implantation?
When the egg implants in the uterus.
When the sperm and egg fuse together.
When an egg leaves the ovary.
