Iron being more reactive displaces copper from copper sulphate.

Iron being more reactive displaces copper from copper sulphate.

and there is deposition of copper on the iron nail.

Fe(Iron) + CuSO4(Copper sulphate) → FeSO4(Iron sulphate) + Cu(Copper)

Iron being more reactive displaces copper from copper sulphate.

Iron being more reactive displaces copper from copper sulphate.

and there is deposition of copper on the iron nail.

Fe(Iron) + CuSO4(Copper sulphate) → FeSO4(Iron sulphate) + Cu(Copper)

Iron being more reactive displaces copper from copper sulphate.

Iron being more reactive displaces copper from copper sulphate.

and there is deposition of copper on the iron nail.

Fe(Iron) + CuSO4(Copper sulphate) → FeSO4(Iron sulphate) + Cu(Copper)

When a copper vessel is exposed to moist air for long, it acquires a dull green coating.

The green material is a mixture of copper hydroxide (Cu(OH)2) and copper carbonate (CuCO3).

The following is the reaction: 2Cu+H2O+CO2+O2 gives Cu (OH)2 + CuCO3

When a copper vessel is exposed to moist air for long, it acquires a dull green coating.

The green material is a mixture of copper hydroxide (Cu(OH)2) and copper carbonate (CuCO3).

The following is the reaction: 2Cu+H2O+CO2+O2 gives Cu (OH)2 + CuCO3

When a copper vessel is exposed to moist air for long, it acquires a dull green coating.

The green material is a mixture of copper hydroxide (Cu(OH)2) and copper carbonate (CuCO3).

The following is the reaction: 2Cu+H2O+CO2+O2 gives Cu (OH)2 + CuCO3

Metals react with acids and produce hydrogen gas that burns with a ‘pop’ sound.

Copper is below hydrogen in reactivity series.

Thus, copper does not react with dilute sulphuric acid but it reacts with sulphuric acid on heating.

Hence, no reaction will take place when dilute sulphuric acid is poured on a copper plate.

Metals react with acids and produce hydrogen gas that burns with a ‘pop’ sound.

Copper is below hydrogen in reactivity series.

Thus, copper does not react with dilute sulphuric acid but it reacts with sulphuric acid on heating.

Hence, no reaction will take place when dilute sulphuric acid is poured on a copper plate.

Metals react with acids and produce hydrogen gas that burns with a ‘pop’ sound.

Copper is below hydrogen in reactivity series.

Thus, copper does not react with dilute sulphuric acid but it reacts with sulphuric acid on heating.

Hence, no reaction will take place when dilute sulphuric acid is poured on a copper plate.

Chemical properties of non-metals

Non-metals react with oxygen to produce non- metallic oxides which are acidic in nature.

Generally, non-metals do not react with water.

Generally, non-metals do not react with acids.

Chemical properties of non-metals

Non-metals react with oxygen to produce non- metallic oxides which are acidic in nature.

Generally, non-metals do not react with water.

Generally, non-metals do not react with acids.

Chemical properties of non-metals

Non-metals react with oxygen to produce non- metallic oxides which are acidic in nature.

Generally, non-metals do not react with water.

Generally, non-metals do not react with acids.

Chemical properties of non-metals

Non-metals react with oxygen to produce non- metallic oxides which are acidic in nature.

Generally, non-metals do not react with water.

Generally, non-metals do not react with acids.

In order to polish the gold ornament, it is to be dipped into a liquid called aquaregia (a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid).

On getting dissolved in the environment of aquaregia, the outer layer of gold dissolves and an inner shiny layer appear.

The dissolving of the layer causes a reduction in the weight of the jewelry.

In order to polish the gold ornament, it is to be dipped into a liquid called aquaregia (a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid).

On getting dissolved in the environment of aquaregia, the outer layer of gold dissolves and an inner shiny layer appear.

The dissolving of the layer causes a reduction in the weight of the jewelry.

In order to polish the gold ornament, it is to be dipped into a liquid called aquaregia (a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid).

On getting dissolved in the environment of aquaregia, the outer layer of gold dissolves and an inner shiny layer appear.

The dissolving of the layer causes a reduction in the weight of the jewelry.

Physical properties of non-metals

They are brittle.

They are not ductile.

They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

They are dull.

They are not strong.

They are brittle.

They are not ductile.

They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

They are dull.

They are not strong.

They are not sonorous.

They are not ductile.

They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

They are dull.

They are not strong.

They are not sonorous.

Most of the solid non-metals are quite soft.

They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

They are dull.

They are not strong.

They are not sonorous.

Most of the solid non-metals are quite soft.

They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

They are dull.

They are not strong.

They are not sonorous.

Most of the solid non-metals are quite soft.

They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

They are dull.

They are not strong.

They are not sonorous.

Most of the solid non-metals are quite soft.

They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

They are dull.

They are not strong.

They are not sonorous.

Most of the solid non-metals are quite soft.

They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

They are dull.

Uses of non-metal

Non-metal essential for our life which all living beings inhale during breathing,

Non-metals used in fertilisers to enhance the growth of plants,

Non-metal used in water purification process,

Non-metal used in the purple coloured solution which is applied on wounds as an antiseptic,

Non-metals used in crackers.

Non-metal essential for our life which all living beings inhale during breathing,

Non-metals used in fertilisers to enhance the growth of plants,

Non-metal used in water purification process,

Non-metal used in the purple coloured solution which is applied on wounds as an antiseptic,

Non-metals used in crackers.

Non-metal essential for our life which all living beings inhale during breathing,

Non-metals used in fertilisers to enhance the growth of plants,

Non-metal used in water purification process,

Non-metal used in the purple coloured solution which is applied on wounds as an antiseptic,

Non-metals used in crackers.

Non-metal essential for our life which all living beings inhale during breathing,

Non-metals used in fertilisers to enhance the growth of plants,

Non-metal used in water purification process,

Non-metal used in the purple coloured solution which is applied on wounds as an antiseptic,

Chemical properties of metals

On burning, metals react with oxygen to produce metal oxides which are basic in nature.

Some metals react with water to produce metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas.

Metals react with acids and produce metal salts and hydrogen gas.

Some metals react with bases to produce hydrogen gas.

More reactive metals displace less reactive metals from their compounds in aqueous solutions.

On burning, metals react with oxygen to produce metal oxides which are basic in nature.

Some metals react with water to produce metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas.

Metals react with acids and produce metal salts and hydrogen gas.

Some metals react with bases to produce hydrogen gas.

More reactive metals displace less reactive metals from their compounds in aqueous solutions.

On burning, metals react with oxygen to produce metal oxides which are basic in nature.

Some metals react with water to produce metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas.

Metals react with acids and produce metal salts and hydrogen gas.

Some metals react with bases to produce hydrogen gas.

More reactive metals displace less reactive metals from their compounds in aqueous solutions.

On burning, metals react with oxygen to produce metal oxides which are basic in nature.

Some metals react with water to produce metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas.

Metals react with acids and produce metal salts and hydrogen gas.

Some metals react with bases to produce hydrogen gas.

More reactive metals displace less reactive metals from their compounds in aqueous solutions.

On burning, metals react with oxygen to produce metal oxides which are basic in nature.

Some metals react with water to produce metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas.

Metals react with acids and produce metal salts and hydrogen gas.

Some metals react with bases to produce hydrogen gas.

More reactive metals displace less reactive metals from their compounds in aqueous solutions.

On burning, metals react with oxygen to produce metal oxides which are basic in nature.

Some metals react with water to produce metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas.

Metals react with acids and produce metal salts and hydrogen gas.

Some metals react with bases to produce hydrogen gas.

Ductility is the property of a substance to be stretched into wires

Examples of metals which show ductility are gold, copper, silver etc

Of all the metals gold is a most ductile metal

Thermal conductivity is the ability of substances to conduct heat energy through them

Metals are better known for their thermal conductivity when compared to nonmetals

Among metals silver and copper are good conductors

Examples of metals which show ductility are gold, copper, silver etc

Of all the metals gold is a most ductile metal

Thermal conductivity is the ability of substances to conduct heat energy through them

Metals are better known for their thermal conductivity when compared to nonmetals

Among metals silver and copper are good conductors

While lead and mercury are relatively poor conductors of heat

Of all the metals gold is a most ductile metal

Thermal conductivity is the ability of substances to conduct heat energy through them

Metals are better known for their thermal conductivity when compared to nonmetals

Among metals silver and copper are good conductors

While lead and mercury are relatively poor conductors of heat

To demonstrate thermal conductivity let us do an activity

Thermal conductivity is the ability of substances to conduct heat energy through them

Metals are better known for their thermal conductivity when compared to nonmetals

Among metals silver and copper are good conductors

While lead and mercury are relatively poor conductors of heat

To demonstrate thermal conductivity let us do an activity

Thermal conductivity is the ability of substances to conduct heat energy through them

Metals are better known for their thermal conductivity when compared to nonmetals

Among metals silver and copper are good conductors

While lead and mercury are relatively poor conductors of heat

To demonstrate thermal conductivity let us do an activity

Thermal conductivity is the ability of substances to conduct heat energy through them

Activity: take a metal wire aluminum and copper and clamp to the stand as shown in the figure

With the help of wax, attach a pen to the other end of the metal wire

While lead and mercury are relatively poor conductors of heat

To demonstrate thermal conductivity let us do an activity

Thermal conductivity is the ability of substances to conduct heat energy through them

Activity: take a metal wire aluminum and copper and clamp to the stand as shown in the figure

With the help of wax, attach a pen to the other end of the metal wire

Now with the help of a burner heat the metal wire in the middle again as shown in the figure

To demonstrate thermal conductivity let us do an activity

Thermal conductivity is the ability of substances to conduct heat energy through them

Activity: take a metal wire aluminum and copper and clamp to the stand as shown in the figure

With the help of wax, attach a pen to the other end of the metal wire

Now with the help of a burner heat the metal wire in the middle again as shown in the figure

Observation: The pin which is attached to the metal wire with the help of wax, fall off from the wire

Thermal conductivity is the ability of substances to conduct heat energy through them

Activity: take a metal wire aluminum and copper and clamp to the stand as shown in the figure

With the help of wax, attach a pen to the other end of the metal wire

Now with the help of a burner heat the metal wire in the middle again as shown in the figure

Observation: The pin which is attached to the metal wire with the help of wax, fall off from the wire

Inference: The heat traveled through the metal wire in all directions and melted the wax thus demonstrating that the metals conduct heat energy

Activity: take a metal wire aluminum and copper and clamp to the stand as shown in the figure

With the help of wax, attach a pen to the other end of the metal wire

Now with the help of a burner heat the metal wire in the middle again as shown in the figure

Observation: The pin which is attached to the metal wire with the help of wax, fall off from the wire

Inference: The heat traveled through the metal wire in all directions and melted the wax thus demonstrating that the metals conduct heat energy

The ability of a substance to conduct electricity through them is called electrical conductivity

You may be well aware of the fact that the electrical wires are made from a metal, copper

Now with the help of a burner heat the metal wire in the middle again as shown in the figure

Observation: The pin which is attached to the metal wire with the help of wax, fall off from the wire

Inference: The heat traveled through the metal wire in all directions and melted the wax thus demonstrating that the metals conduct heat energy

The ability of a substance to conduct electricity through them is called electrical conductivity

You may be well aware of the fact that the electrical wires are made from a metal, copper

Few metals are said to be sonorous.

Observation: The pin which is attached to the metal wire with the help of wax, fall off from the wire

Inference: The heat traveled through the metal wire in all directions and melted the wax thus demonstrating that the metals conduct heat energy

The ability of a substance to conduct electricity through them is called electrical conductivity

You may be well aware of the fact that the electrical wires are made from a metal, copper

Few metals are said to be sonorous.

Metals which produce sound on hitting are called sonorous

Inference: The heat traveled through the metal wire in all directions and melted the wax thus demonstrating that the metals conduct heat energy

The ability of a substance to conduct electricity through them is called electrical conductivity

You may be well aware of the fact that the electrical wires are made from a metal, copper

Few metals are said to be sonorous.

Metals which produce sound on hitting are called sonorous

Generally metals have higher boiling and melting points for example

The ability of a substance to conduct electricity through them is called electrical conductivity

You may be well aware of the fact that the electrical wires are made from a metal, copper

Few metals are said to be sonorous.

Metals which produce sound on hitting are called sonorous

Generally metals have higher boiling and melting points for example

The above are few of the many properties exhibited by the metals you will learn about them in your higher classes

Few metals are said to be sonorous.

Metals which produce sound on hitting are called sonorous

Generally metals have higher boiling and melting points for example

The above are few of the many properties exhibited by the metals you will learn about them in your higher classes

Now, let us learn about physical properties of nonmetals

Metals which produce sound on hitting are called sonorous

Generally metals have higher boiling and melting points for example

The above are few of the many properties exhibited by the metals you will learn about them in your higher classes

Now, let us learn about physical properties of nonmetals

In general most of the nonmetals are non-conductors of electricity are non-conductors of thermal energy or heat are not sonorous have less boiling points

Generally metals have higher boiling and melting points for example

The above are few of the many properties exhibited by the metals you will learn about them in your higher classes

Now, let us learn about physical properties of nonmetals

In general most of the nonmetals are non-conductors of electricity are non-conductors of thermal energy or heat are not sonorous have less boiling points

Since we have discussed few properties in the previous section

The above are few of the many properties exhibited by the metals you will learn about them in your higher classes

Now, let us learn about physical properties of nonmetals

In general most of the nonmetals are non-conductors of electricity are non-conductors of thermal energy or heat are not sonorous have less boiling points

Since we have discussed few properties in the previous section

Now we will just compare them but we cannot differentiate metals from nonmetals only by comparing the physical properties because few nonmetals like carbon that is diamond can have melting and boiling points of three thousand five hundred and four thousand eight hundred and twenty seven respectively

Additionally few metals like gallium and cesium have very low melting points around 28 degrees Celsius

Now, let us learn about physical properties of nonmetals

In general most of the nonmetals are non-conductors of electricity are non-conductors of thermal energy or heat are not sonorous have less boiling points

Since we have discussed few properties in the previous section

Now we will just compare them but we cannot differentiate metals from nonmetals only by comparing the physical properties because few nonmetals like carbon that is diamond can have melting and boiling points of three thousand five hundred and four thousand eight hundred and twenty seven respectively

Additionally few metals like gallium and cesium have very low melting points around 28 degrees Celsius

Even though iodine is a nonmetal it is lustrous; Graphite an which is a nonmetal and an allotrope of carbon conducts electricity

In general most of the nonmetals are non-conductors of electricity are non-conductors of thermal energy or heat are not sonorous have less boiling points

Since we have discussed few properties in the previous section

Now we will just compare them but we cannot differentiate metals from nonmetals only by comparing the physical properties because few nonmetals like carbon that is diamond can have melting and boiling points of three thousand five hundred and four thousand eight hundred and twenty seven respectively

Additionally few metals like gallium and cesium have very low melting points around 28 degrees Celsius

Even though iodine is a nonmetal it is lustrous; Graphite an which is a nonmetal and an allotrope of carbon conducts electricity

Few metals like lithium sodium and potassium are so soft that they can be cut with a knife

Since we have discussed few properties in the previous section

Now we will just compare them but we cannot differentiate metals from nonmetals only by comparing the physical properties because few nonmetals like carbon that is diamond can have melting and boiling points of three thousand five hundred and four thousand eight hundred and twenty seven respectively

Additionally few metals like gallium and cesium have very low melting points around 28 degrees Celsius

Even though iodine is a nonmetal it is lustrous; Graphite an which is a nonmetal and an allotrope of carbon conducts electricity

Few metals like lithium sodium and potassium are so soft that they can be cut with a knife

Hence by studying only physical properties we cannot differentiate between metals and nonmetals

Now we will just compare them but we cannot differentiate metals from nonmetals only by comparing the physical properties because few nonmetals like carbon that is diamond can have melting and boiling points of three thousand five hundred and four thousand eight hundred and twenty seven respectively

Additionally few metals like gallium and cesium have very low melting points around 28 degrees Celsius

Even though iodine is a nonmetal it is lustrous; Graphite an which is a nonmetal and an allotrope of carbon conducts electricity

Few metals like lithium sodium and potassium are so soft that they can be cut with a knife

Hence by studying only physical properties we cannot differentiate between metals and nonmetals

Metals and nonmetals exhibit very different chemical properties and these properties can be used for differentiating metals from nonmetal

More clearly now let us demonstrate a simple activity to show that nonmetals and metals will have different chemical properties

Even though iodine is a nonmetal it is lustrous; Graphite an which is a nonmetal and an allotrope of carbon conducts electricity

Few metals like lithium sodium and potassium are so soft that they can be cut with a knife

Hence by studying only physical properties we cannot differentiate between metals and nonmetals

Metals and nonmetals exhibit very different chemical properties and these properties can be used for differentiating metals from nonmetal

More clearly now let us demonstrate a simple activity to show that nonmetals and metals will have different chemical properties

Activity: Aim to demonstrate that metals and nonmetals have different chemical properties

Few metals like lithium sodium and potassium are so soft that they can be cut with a knife

Hence by studying only physical properties we cannot differentiate between metals and nonmetals

Metals and nonmetals exhibit very different chemical properties and these properties can be used for differentiating metals from nonmetal

More clearly now let us demonstrate a simple activity to show that nonmetals and metals will have different chemical properties

Activity: Aim to demonstrate that metals and nonmetals have different chemical properties

Apparatus required: burner, watch glass, and litmus papers

Hence by studying only physical properties we cannot differentiate between metals and nonmetals

Metals and nonmetals exhibit very different chemical properties and these properties can be used for differentiating metals from nonmetal

More clearly now let us demonstrate a simple activity to show that nonmetals and metals will have different chemical properties

Activity: Aim to demonstrate that metals and nonmetals have different chemical properties

Apparatus required: burner, watch glass, and litmus papers

Chemicals required: magnesium ribbon that is metal and sulfur powder nonmetal

Metals and nonmetals exhibit very different chemical properties and these properties can be used for differentiating metals from nonmetal

More clearly now let us demonstrate a simple activity to show that nonmetals and metals will have different chemical properties

Activity: Aim to demonstrate that metals and nonmetals have different chemical properties

Apparatus required: burner, watch glass, and litmus papers

Chemicals required: magnesium ribbon that is metal and sulfur powder nonmetal

Method: burn the magnesium ribbon collects the ashes and dissolve in the water

Now burn the sulfur powder and collect the fumes using a test tube add some water to the fumes and shake

Activity: Aim to demonstrate that metals and nonmetals have different chemical properties

Apparatus required: burner, watch glass, and litmus papers

Chemicals required: magnesium ribbon that is metal and sulfur powder nonmetal

Method: burn the magnesium ribbon collects the ashes and dissolve in the water

Now burn the sulfur powder and collect the fumes using a test tube add some water to the fumes and shake

Test both the solutions with the litmus paper

Apparatus required: burner, watch glass, and litmus papers

Chemicals required: magnesium ribbon that is metal and sulfur powder nonmetal

Method: burn the magnesium ribbon collects the ashes and dissolve in the water

Now burn the sulfur powder and collect the fumes using a test tube add some water to the fumes and shake

Test both the solutions with the litmus paper

Observation: You will observe that the test-tube with magnesium oxide will turn the red litmus paper to blue

Chemicals required: magnesium ribbon that is metal and sulfur powder nonmetal

Method: burn the magnesium ribbon collects the ashes and dissolve in the water

Now burn the sulfur powder and collect the fumes using a test tube add some water to the fumes and shake

Test both the solutions with the litmus paper

Observation: You will observe that the test-tube with magnesium oxide will turn the red litmus paper to blue

While the solution and other test-tube turns the blue litmus paper to red

Method: burn the magnesium ribbon collects the ashes and dissolve in the water

Now burn the sulfur powder and collect the fumes using a test tube add some water to the fumes and shake

Test both the solutions with the litmus paper

Observation: You will observe that the test-tube with magnesium oxide will turn the red litmus paper to blue

While the solution and other test-tube turns the blue litmus paper to red

Inference: Metals produce basic oxides while nonmetals produce acidic oxides

Now burn the sulfur powder and collect the fumes using a test tube add some water to the fumes and shake

Test both the solutions with the litmus paper

Observation: You will observe that the test-tube with magnesium oxide will turn the red litmus paper to blue

While the solution and other test-tube turns the blue litmus paper to red

Inference: Metals produce basic oxides while nonmetals produce acidic oxides

Now burn the sulfur powder and collect the fumes using a test tube add some water to the fumes and shake

Test both the solutions with the litmus paper

Observation: You will observe that the test-tube with magnesium oxide will turn the red litmus paper to blue

While the solution and other test-tube turns the blue litmus paper to red

Inference: Metals produce basic oxides while nonmetals produce acidic oxides

Now burn the sulfur powder and collect the fumes using a test tube add some water to the fumes and shake

Test both the solutions with the litmus paper

Observation: You will observe that the test-tube with magnesium oxide will turn the red litmus paper to blue

While the solution and other test-tube turns the blue litmus paper to red

Inference: Metals produce basic oxides while nonmetals produce acidic oxides

Now burn the sulfur powder and collect the fumes using a test tube add some water to the fumes and shake

Test both the solutions with the litmus paper

Observation: You will observe that the test-tube with magnesium oxide will turn the red litmus paper to blue

While the solution and other test-tube turns the blue litmus paper to red

Inference: Metals produce basic oxides while nonmetals produce acidic oxides