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Cell Biology and Organisation Gcse

Total questions: 120

Worksheet time: 3600secs

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which organelle controls the actitivies of the cell and contains DNA?

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Nucleus

d)

Mitochondria

2.

Which organelle is where aerobic respiration occurs?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Ribosome

3.

Which organelle is where protein synthesis happens?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Ribosome

d)

Nucleus

4.

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

a)

To control what enters and exits a cell.

b)

It is where chemical reactions occur.

c)

To control the activities of a cell.

d)

It is where photosynthesis happens.

5.

Which organelles do you find in a plant cell but not an animal cell?

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Vacuole

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Chloroplasts

e)

Cell Wall

6.

What is the name of the process where particles move from a high concentration to a low concentration (down a concentration gradient)?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Active Transport

7.

If an image is blurry under a microscope, how do you make it clearer?

a)

Change the objective lens to a higher magnification.

b)

Turn on the light or adjust the mirror.

c)

Turn the focusing wheel until the image is focused.

d)

Use a different eyepiece lens.

8.

What is the equation to work out overall magnification from eyepiece magnification and objective lens magnification?

a)

Overall= Objective x Eyepiece

b)

Overall= Objective/Eyepiece

c)

Overall= Eyepiece/Objective

9.

How do you calculate actual specimen size from magnification and image size?

a)

Actual = Magnification / Image Size

b)

Actual =Image Size / Magnification

c)

Actual = Image Size x Magnification

10.

Which statement is false about active transport?

a)

It requires energy.

b)

It requires a membrane.

c)

It moves particles down the concentration gradient.

d)

It moves particles against the concentration gradient.

11.

What is osmosis?

a)

Movement of water from a concentrated solution to a dilute solution.

b)

Movement of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution.

12.

In osmosis, water moves through a partially permeable membrane.


What is a partially permeable membrane?

a)

A membrane which allows everything through

b)

A membrane which allows somethings through but not everything.

c)

A membrane which only allows water through it.

13.

What is meant by a prokaryotic cell?

a)

A cell without a nucleus

b)

A cell with a nucleus

c)

A cell without a cell membrane

d)

A cell with two nuclei.

14.

What is a specialized cell?

a)

A cell suited to a particular job/function

b)

A cell which has no job/function

c)

A cell without a nucleus.

d)

A cell with no DNA.

15.

How is a sperm cell adapted for its function? Select all that are true.

a)

A tail/flagella to allow it to swim to the egg.

b)

Lots of chloroplasts to release energy for it to swim.

c)

An enzyme in its head to break down the membrane of the egg.

d)

Lots of mitochondria to release energy for it to swim.

16.

Which statement is false about eukaryotic cells?

a)

They can have mitochondria, chloroplasts and vacuoles.

b)

They have a nucleus

c)

They are much smaller than prokaryotic cells.

d)

Animal and plant cells are examples of eukaryotic cells.

17.

What is a hypotonic solution?

a)

A solution more dilute than inside the cell

b)

A solution more concentrated than inside the cell

c)

A solution with the same concentration as in the cell

18.

What is a hypertonic solution?

a)

A solution more dilute than inside the cell

b)

A solution more concentrated than inside the cell

c)

A solution with the same concentration as in the cell

19.
which of the following transports material within the cell?
a)
Golgi apparatus 
b)
Endoplasmic reticulum
c)
cell wall 
d)
ribosomes
20.

What are the levels of living organisms from smallest to largest?

a)

Tissue - Organ Systems - Cells - Organs - Organism

b)

Cells - Tissue - Organs - Organ Systems - Organisms

c)

Organs - Organ Systems - Organisms - Cells - Tissue

d)

Cells - Tissue - Organisms - Organ Systems - Organs

21.

What are the four main tissues found in the body?

a)

Epithelial, Connective, Bone, Blood

b)

Muscle, Connective, Blood, Epithelial

c)

Nervous, Muscle, Connective, Epithelial

d)

Nervous, Muscle, Connective, Bone

22.

Blood is a type of .....

a)

Epithelial Tissue

b)

Connective Tissue

c)

Muscle Tissue

d)

Nervous Tissue

23.

What cells have NO nucleus?

a)

Leaf cells

b)

Animal cells

c)

Red blood cells

d)

Egg cells

24.

What cell is much larger than other animal cells?

a)

Egg cell

b)

Sperm cell

c)

Leaf cell

d)

White blood cells

25.

Which organelle is found abundantly in muscle tissues?

a)

Mitochondrion

b)

Ribosome

c)

Nucleus

d)

RER

26.

What is P that can be found on this Amoeba?

a)

Vacoule

b)

Pseudopodium

c)

Plasma membrane

d)

Nucleus

27.

What is the effect to the cell if there is no SER?

a)

no energy product

b)

no synthesis of lipid

c)

no synthesis of protein

d)

no modification of protein

28.

What is the structure with a question mark called?

a)

plasmid

b)

cell membrane

c)

flagellum

d)

chromosome

29.
Which have a single loop of DNA? 
a)
Plant and animal cells 
b)
Bacterial cells
30.
Fungal cells are 
a)
prokaryotic
b)
eukaryotic
31.
Do prokaryotic cells contain mitochondria?
a)
Yes 
b)
No
32.

What is a stem cell?

a)

a meristem

b)

a zygote

c)

a differentiated cell

d)

an unspecialised cell

33.

Which is not a source of embryonic stem cells?

a)

umbilical cord blood

b)

bone marrow

c)

aborted embryos

d)

amniotic fluid

34.

What is meant when you say that a cell has differentiated?

a)

cells have become enlarged

b)

cells have specialised to complete a particular function

c)

cells are unspecialised and can change to have any function

d)

cells have undergone cell division by mitosis

35.

For which medical condition would stem cell treatment be ineffective?

a)

macular degeneration (eyesight deterioration)

b)

preventing HIV

c)

insulin production

d)

spinal cord injuries

36.

What is the biggest disadvantage of using adult stem cells?

a)

it involves therapeutic cloning, which is very difficult

b)

they grow and divide very rapidly with the risk of causing cancer

c)

it may trigger an immune response

d)

some people may disagree for ethical reasons

37.

At which stage of life does mitosis occur at a slower rate than cell death?

a)

developing embryo

b)

childhood

c)

old age

d)

adulthood

38.

Where would you find the greatest concentration of

undifferentiated cells in a plant?

a)

in the phloem

b)

in the palisade layer in the leaf

c)

in the root tips

d)

in the xylem

39.

In which part of the body would the rate of mitosis

be happening the fastest?

a)

the brain

b)

the skin

c)

the spinal cord

d)

the eye

40.

What would be an advantage of using genetically identical

clones of plants created from stem cells in research?

a)

the experiment would not need repeating

b)

it removes unwanted variables

c)

it removes human error from the experiment

d)

the results would be exactly the same each time

41.

Which is a disadvantage of therapeutic cloning?

a)

there are concerns about the risk of cancer from rapid cell division

b)

there is the risk of transfer of genetic diseases

c)

the use of immunosuppressant drugs is required

d)

cells would have different genes to the recipient

42.

Which tissue has most of its cells at different stages cell division?

a)

Ground tissue

b)

Vascular tissue

c)

Meristematic tissue

d)

Epidermal tissue

43.
This is Spirogyra which is a type of alga found in ponds. Name the green structures within the cytoplasm.
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Chloroplasts
d)
Cytoplasm
44.

Who looked at living organisms in dental scrapings and pond water, and became known as "the father of microbiology?"

a)

Rudolf Virchow

b)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c)

Matthias Schleiden

d)

Theodor Schwann

45.

Who came up with the name "cells" while looking at a slice of cork under a microscope?

a)

Matthias Schleiden

b)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c)

Robert Hooke

d)

Rudolf Virchow

46.

Which German scientist published findings that all cells come from existing cells?

a)

Theodor Schwann

b)

Rudolf Virchow

c)

Matthias Schleiden

d)

Robert Hooke

47.

What is NOT a part of cell theory:

a)

all cells come from existing cells

b)

all cells have a nucleus

c)

all living things are made of cells

d)

cells are basic unit of structure and function in living things

48.

Eukaryotes include fungi, plants, animals, and....

a)

bacteria

b)

protists

c)

archaebacteria

d)

eubacteria

49.
What kind of transport does not require energy?
a)
Active 
b)
Vacuole 
c)
Passive 
d)
Na/K Pump 
50.
What is facilitated diffusion?
a)
Transport that uses proteins to help move molecules across the membrane. 
b)
Movements of substances through a membrane. 
c)
When molecules spread from High to Low concentration on their own. 
d)
When pressure pushes something through a membrane. 
51.
break down (digest) worn out cell parts, mostly in animal cells
a)
cytoplasm
b)
lysosomes
c)
mitochondria
d)
vacuoles
52.

Which of the following describes the function of the nucleolus?

a)

Command Center for the Cell

b)

Produce initial parts of ribosomes

c)

To hold chromosomes

d)

To make DNA

53.

Which number is pointing to the xylem of the leaf?

a)

3

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

54.

The majority of the stomata of a leaf can usually be found within the

a)

guard cells

b)

upper epidermis

c)

lower epidermis

d)

cuticle

55.

What is letter "D" pointing to?

a)

upper epidermis

b)

palisade mesophyll

c)

spongy mesophyll

d)

bundle sheath

56.

Human egg cell's...

a)

cytoplasm contains nutrients for the growth of the early embryo

b)

nucleus has a diploid chromosome number

c)

cytoplasm contains lots of water to keep the early embryo healthy

d)

cytoplasm contains lots of mitochondria for energy

57.

Which cell contains lots of mitochondria to provide energy for the active transport of mineral ions?

a)

Palisade cell

b)

Xylem

c)

Phloem

d)

Root hair cell

58.
The cell pictured does not contain
a)
a nucleus
b)
chloroplasts
c)
a cell wall
d)
a vacuole
59.

Which type of cell makes memory cells?

a)

T Cell

b)

B cell

c)

Leukocyte

d)

Neutrophil

60.

Identify semi-autonomous cell organelles

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Both

d)

None of the above

61.

The common feature for nucleus, chloroplast and mitochondria is

a)

Cristae

b)

Lamellae

c)

Nucleic acids

d)

Double membranous

62.

The bond present between two strands of DNA is

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Carbon

c)

Oxygen

d)

Nitrogen

63.

Name red pigment that is present in red blood cells.

a)

Haemoglobin

b)

Chlorophyll

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Vacuole

64.

Which of the following does not occur during interphase?

a)

Replication

b)

Translation

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

An increase in the number of mitochondria

65.

How do prokaryotic cells divide?

a)

By mitosis

b)

By meiosis

c)

By budding

d)

By binary fission

66.

Which one of these processes require mitosis?

a)

Embryological development

b)

Reducing surface area to volume ratio

c)

Maintaining cell size

d)

Cell growth

67.

What are homologous chromosomes?

a)

Identical chromosomes

b)

Non-identical chromosomes with different genes

c)

Non-identical chromosomes with the same genes in the same sequence but not necessarily the same alleles

d)

Non-identical chromosomes with the same genes in a different sequence and not necessarily the same alleles

68.

A cell in the testis of a male chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) contains 48 chromosomes. It is about to undergo meiosis.


How many molecules of DNA will be present in the nucleus of the sperm cells just after meiosis?

a)

96

b)

48

c)

24

d)

12

69.

Which of the following will promote variation in a species?


I. Meiosis

II. Fertilization

III. Natural selection

a)

I only

b)

II only

c)

I and II only

d)

I, II and III

70.
Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?
a)
Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 
b)
Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 
c)
Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 
d)
A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 
71.
Which is true about Adult Stem Cells.
a)
They no longer do mitosis, their cell type is set and can not change
b)
They are limited to the type of  cell they can become.
c)
They can become any cell type in the body
d)
They are found in embryos
72.
what is the role of stem cells in the body 
a)
fight against infection 
b)
provide specialized roles in the body 
c)
used for fertility treatment 
d)
they produce new specialized cells in the body to replace old cells that are used up 
73.
Stem cell research is controversial because in involves?
a)
social issues
b)
ethical issues
c)
educational issues
d)
economical issues
74.
All our cells, except sex cells like eggs or sperm, have ___________ DNA
a)
different
b)
similar
c)
exactly the same
d)
half the amount of 
75.

This diagram illustrates

a)

simple diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

osmosis

d)

endocytosis

76.

All of these types of transport require ATP (choose 3)

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Active transport through protein gates

d)

Facilitated diffusion

77.

What is the function of P

a)

Controlling plant osmotic pressure

b)

Provide nutrient to plant cell

c)

Maintain the shape of plant cell

d)

Give support to herbaceous plant

78.

What will happen to Paramecium sp if Y does not function

a)

Expand

b)

Burst

c)

Shrink

d)

Maintain its shape

79.

Select all that apply towards the PHLOEM

a)

Transports food for immediate use.

b)

Made up of dead cells.

c)

Translocation occurs.

d)

Transport goes in one direction only.

80.

Select all that apply towards the XYLEM

a)

Made up of dead cells.

b)

Carry water and mineral ions from the roots to the stem and leaves.

c)

Water can freely evaporate through the waxy walls of the xylem.

d)

Transport goes in one direction.

81.
What are the products of cellular respiration?
a)
Energy (ATP), Water, and Carbon DIoxide.
b)
Water and Oxygen
c)
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
d)
Water and Energy (ATP)
82.
What macromolecules help to make the cell membrane? 
a)
Proteins 
b)
Carbohydrates 
c)
Phospholipids 
d)
All of the above 
83.
What type of cell is this?
a)
animal
b)
plant
c)
bacteria
d)
algae
84.
Which of these would you not find in an animal cell?
a)
cell membrane
b)
cell wall
c)
nucleus
d)
ribosome
85.
Which of these would you not expect to find in a bacterial cell?
a)
cell wall
b)
cell membrane
c)
nucleus
d)
cytoplasm
86.
What term is used to describe a single celled organism without a true nucleus?
a)
prokaryote
b)
virus
c)
protoctista
d)
eukaryote
87.
Where in a cell does respiration take place?
a)
ribosome
b)
nucleus
c)
mitochondria
d)
cytoplasm
88.
Which of these shows the correct order, going from the smallest to the largest?
a)
gene, chromosome, nucleus, cell
b)
chromosome, gene, nucleus, cell
c)
nucleus, gene, chromosome, cell
d)
gene, nucleus, chromosome, cell
89.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
a)
respiration
b)
protein synthesis
c)
control of substances in/out of the cell
d)
reproduction
90.
What is the function of the ribosomes?
a)
respiration
b)
protein synthesis
c)
cell replication
d)
DNA replication
91.
When cells become specialised for a particular role, it is known as ...?
a)
cell differentiation
b)
cell replication
c)
cell reproduction
d)
cell mitosis
92.
Which of the following is the correct statement?
a)
Both plant and animal cells differentiate at an early stage.
b)
Animal cells differentiate early, whilst many plant cells can differentiate throughout life.
c)
Plant cells differentiate early, many animal cells can differentiate throughout life.
d)
The majority of both plant and animals cells can differentiate later in life.
93.
Unspecialised cells that can differentiate to form many different types of cell are known as...?
a)
Stem cells
b)
Specialised cells
c)
Differential cells
d)
Special cells
94.
Which type of human stem cell would be able to differentiate into the most type of specialised cells?
a)
Embryonic stem cells
b)
Adult bone marrow stem cell
95.
Cells with a membrane, nucleus and cytoplasm, such as those found in animals and plants, are known as ...?
a)
prokaryotes
b)
eukaryotes
96.
Which type of cell would be the smallest?
a)
Eukaryote
b)
Prokaryote
97.
When using a microscope, how do you work out the real size of an image?
a)
image size ÷ magnification
b)
magnification ÷ image size
c)
image size × magnification
d)
image size + magnification
98.
If an image measured 3.5 mm and the magnification was x 1,000, how big would the actual object be?
use:  real size = image size ÷ magnication
a)
0.0035 mm
b)
0.035 mm
c)
3500 mm
d)
0.35 mm
99.
1 μm (micro-metre) is equal to how many metres?
a)
0.000 1
b)
0.000 01
c)
0.000 001
d)
0.000 000 1
100.
15 mm would be equal to how many μm?
a)
150
b)
1 500
c)
15 000
d)
150 000
101.
How do bacteria reproduce?
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
simple cell division
d)
they don't
102.
What is the name of the technique that should be used to prepare bacterial plates?
a)
septic
b)
aseptic
c)
sterile
d)
uncontaminated
103.
If an image measured 3.5 mm and the magnification was x 1,000, how big would the actual object be?
use:  real size = image size ÷ magnication
a)
0.0035 mm
b)
0.035 mm
c)
3500 mm
d)
0.35 mm
104.
What is the name of the technique that should be used to prepare bacterial plates?
a)
septic
b)
aseptic
c)
sterile
d)
uncontaminated
105.

In humans, glucose is absorbed into the blood from the small intestine. Which two of the following help the absorption?

a)

villi have a cell wall

b)

villi are covered in thick mucus

c)

villi give the small intestine a large surface area

d)

villi have many blood capilaries

106.

Identify structure A in the diagram

a)

muscle

b)

nerve

c)

capilary

107.

What organ is shown by the letter Z?

a)

stomach

b)

pancreas

c)

small intestine

d)

liver

108.

Which letter represents the organ where enzymes such as lipase are made?

a)

X

b)

Y

c)

Z

109.

The chemical digestion of fats with quicker with or without bile?

a)

with

b)

without

c)

both the same

110.
B2.2.1 - What does amylase break down?
a)
Starch
b)
Glucose
c)
Protein
d)
Cellulose
111.

What is the function of bile?

a)

Bile contains hydrochloric acid to provide the optimum pH for protease activity

b)

Bile contains a mixture of digestive enzymes

c)

Bile emulsifies lipids to smaller droplets

d)

Bile neutralises stomach acid

112.
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
a)
voltage-gated channels
b)
surface receptor
c)
calcium channels
d)
active site
113.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
114.

When starch is present iodine turns...

a)

purple

b)

blue-black

c)

orange

d)

brick red

115.
a)

Prophase

b)

Interphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

116.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
117.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Metaphase
118.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytonkinesis
c)
Interphase
d)
Prophase
119.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Prophase
120.

What is this

a)

statin treatment

b)

stent treatment

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