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Earthquake Study Assignment

Total questions: 72

Worksheet time: 15hrs 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which way do the waves generated by an earthquake travel?

a)

out in space

b)

outward in all directions

c)

towards the center of earth

d)

along the surface of earth

2.

What happens to the lag time (distance between a P-wave and an S-wave) as they move away from the epicenter?

a)

stays the same

b)

gets larger

c)

gets smaller

d)

there is no distance

3.
What is the source of energy that causes most earthquakes?
a)
heating and cooling from the sun
b)
the pull of gravity
c)
movements along cracks in earths crust
4.

Seismologists use a __________________ to detect and record earthquake waves. Scientists will analyze the data collected on the _____________________.

a)

seismogram, seismograph

b)

Seismologist, seismic

c)

Seismograph, seismogram

5.

The_________________of an earthquake is on the surface directly above the _______________.

a)

center, fault

b)

epicenter, focus

c)

focus, epicenter

6.

Scientists that study earthquakes are called a _________________________.

a)

seismoman

b)

seismologist

c)

earthquakeologist

7.

Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of ________________________ which moves as ________________________ through the earth.

a)

energy, waves

b)

heat, zombies

c)

waves, energy

8.

Scientists use the data from three seismograph _____________________ to find an earthquakes epicenter, this process is called _______________________.

a)

spots, three times

b)

Stations,triangulation

c)

tools,triangle

9.

What's the main cause of most earthquakes?

a)

Pressure from within Earth's crust

b)

Hurricanes

c)

Human activity

d)

Changes in temperature within the earth's mantle

10.

Which of the following is a true statement about tectonic plates?

a)

All tectonic plates are located at Earth's core

b)

They're located approximately 10 meters below the surface of the ocean

c)

They're located in the molten layer beneath Earth's crust

d)

All of Earth's landmass rests on tectonic plates

11.
Which travels fastest, always being the first detected by seismic stations?
a)
P waves
b)
S waves
12.

Most earthquakes happen along _________________.

a)

the coast

b)

faults

c)

the desert

d)

mountain ranges

13.

Second waves to arrive in an earthquake

a)

P waves

b)

S waves

c)

Surface waves

14.

First waves to arrive in an earthquake

a)

P waves

b)

S waves

c)

surface waves

15.

The place where an earthquake originates inside the Earth's surface is called...

a)

Epicenter

b)

Focus

c)

Underground

d)

Crust

16.

The place on the Earth's surface, above the origin of the earthquake.

a)

Epicenter

b)

Focus

c)

Surface

d)

Crust

17.

Which city is closest to the epicenter?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

18.

What is the minimum number of seismograph stations needed to locate an earthquake epicenter?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

5

19.

Match the stress that corresponds to divergent boundaries

a)

compression

b)

tension

c)

shear

d)

magnetic

20.

Shear stress is associated with what type of plate boundary?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

d)

strike-slip

21.

What type of fault is most associated with a transform boundary?

a)

strike-slip

b)

reverse

c)

normal

d)

convergent

22.

S waves cannot travel through liquid (although p waves can). Which layer of the earth would block S waves from traveling through the Earth?

a)

Inner core

b)

Outer core

c)

Mantle

d)

Crust

23.
What type of fault is the San Andreas?
a)
Convergent
b)
Transform
c)
Optimus Prime
d)
Divergent
24.
What type of fault is this?
a)
Normal
b)
Reverse
c)
Strike-slip
25.
What type of fault is this?
a)
Normal
b)
Reverse
c)
Strike-slip
26.

What type of fault is this?

a)

normal fault

b)

reverse fault

c)

strike-slip fault

27.
A fault caused by rocks moving together
a)
normal fault
b)
reverse fault
c)
slip strike fault
28.

Forces that changes rock shape or volume is called

a)

tension

b)

compression

c)

stress

29.

Reverse faults have __________________ and folding that formed the Alps and Himalayas.

a)

tension

b)

compression

c)

stress

30.

________________ pulls on crust which results in a normal fault.

a)

tension

b)

compressions

c)

stress

31.

Strike-slip fault has a ______________________ boundary.

a)

divergent

b)

convergent

c)

transform

32.

Reverse faults ______________________ at an angle.

a)

pull apart

b)

push together

c)

slip past each other

33.

Normal faults ______________________ at an angle.

a)

pull apart

b)

push together

c)

slip past each other

34.

Strike slip faults move by ____________________.

a)

pulling apart

b)

pushing together

c)

slipping past each other

35.
Stretching rock so it becomes thinner in the middle is what kind of stress?
a)
tension
b)
compression
c)
shearing
36.
Squeezing rock until it breaks is what stress?
a)
tension
b)
compression
c)
shearing
37.
The hanging wall slides up and over the footwall is what kind of fault?
a)
strike-slip
b)
normal
c)
reverse
38.
What fault has little up or down motion?
a)
strike-slip
b)
normal
c)
reverse
39.
When the hanging wall slips downward below the footwall, what kind of fault is it?
a)
strike-slip
b)
normal
c)
reverse
40.

Identify Item #1

a)

Seismic waves

b)

Fault

c)

Focus

d)

Epicenter

41.

Identify Item #2

a)

Seismic waves

b)

Fault

c)

Focus

d)

Epicenter

42.

Identify Item #3

a)

Seismic waves

b)

Fault

c)

Focus

d)

Epicenter

43.

Identify Item #4

a)

Seismic waves

b)

Fault

c)

Focus

d)

Epicenter

44.

Identify the type of boundary associated with this fault:

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

45.
Where is the epicenter for this earthquake located based on triangulation?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
46.

Around what time did the first P wave get detected?

a)

100 sec

b)

120 sec

c)

150 sec

d)

160 sec

47.

Which station was closest to the earthquake's epicenter?

a)

Station A

b)

Station B

c)

Station C

48.

What is the range for the Mercalli intensity scale?

a)

l to Xll

b)

l-X

c)

1-10

d)

infinity

49.

How many seismic stations are required to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?

(a)  

50.

What's at the red 'X"?

a)

Fault

b)

Hypocenter...or focus

c)

Triangulation

d)

Epicenter

51.

What is needed to determine the epicenter of an earthquake?

a)

The arrival time of P-wave and S-wave

b)

The distance of the epicenter from a seismic station

c)

The difference in the arrival time of P-wave and S-wave

d)

The distance of the epicenter from three different seismic stations

52.

To determine the lag time, simply get the _____________________ of S-wave and P-wave.

a)

difference

b)

sum

c)

product

d)

dividend

53.
Where are the P-waves located on this seismogram?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
54.
Which of the statements best describes the relationship between lag time and distance from epicenter? 
a)
The longer the lag time, the closer the distance.
b)
The longer the lag time, the farther the distance. 
c)
The shorter the lag time, the farther the distance. 
d)
There is no relationship. 
55.

Where is the Ring of Fire located?

a)

Atlantic Plate

b)

Pacific Plate

c)

Japanese Plate

d)

North American Plate

56.

What s driving the movement of the tectonic plates?

a)

Gravity

b)

Tides caused by lunar activity

c)

Convection currents deep in the mantle

d)

A giant turtle

57.

Which earthquake scale is shown in the picture:

a)

Richter

b)

Moment magnitude

c)

Modified Mercalli

d)

Fujita

58.

Which earthquake intensity scale rates the total amount of energy released from the earthquake?

a)

Mercalli Scale

b)

Richter Scale

c)

Moment Magnitude Scale

d)

de Fuca scale

59.

When looking at a worldwide map where do the most frequent earthquakes occur?

a)

areas near mountain ranges

b)

areas near plate boundaries

c)

ice covered regions

d)

all of the above

60.

California has a high risk of damaging earthquakes in the United States. What reason explains this?

a)

California is along a divergent boundary

b)

California has a large transform boundary

c)

California is part of a subduction zone

d)

California is cursed.

61.

Choose all the answers the apply:

What is common around the Ring of Fire?

a)

subduction

b)

earthquakes

c)

volcanoes

d)

rift valleys

e)

deep ocean trenches

62.

What is this instrument called?

a)

Richter scale

b)

Barometer

c)

Electrograph

d)

Seismograph

63.

Why are faults sometimes referred to as "active boundaries?" Choose the best answer.

a)

Because they are all volcanically active

b)

Because they serve as boundaries between nations

c)

Because Earth's crust shifts on either side of them

d)

Because people must actively avoid faults to escape injury

64.

Which city is most likely to experience a strong earthquake?

a)

Los Angeles

b)

Chicago

c)

New York

d)

Miami

65.

In a normal fault, the part of the fault that slips due to tension is the

a)

hanging wall

b)

footwall

c)

reverse fault

d)

anticline

66.
What is a convergent boundary?
a)
When two plates move away from each other.
b)
When two plates move toward each other.
67.
What is a fault?
a)
A crack in a plate.
b)
Where two plates move toward each other.
68.
Which travels fastest, always being the first detected by seismic stations?
a)
P waves
b)
S waves
69.
Earthquakes under the water can cause _________________________________.
a)
tornadoes
b)
tsunamis
c)
lightening
d)
hailstorms
70.
This famous transform fault is located in the western United States creates significant earthquake activity for California
a)
New Madrid
b)
Denali Fault
c)
Ramapo Seismic Zone
d)
San Andreas
71.
Seismology
a)
Branch of science that studies earthquakes 
b)
Earthquakes 
c)
The sudden return to elastically deformed rock to its original shape. 
d)
Focus 
72.

Which type of seismic wave cannot travel through liquids?

a)

P wave

b)

an L wave

c)

an S wave

d)

a surface wave

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