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Oceans Currents and Climate Test review

Total questions: 102

Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following statements about earth's subsystems is incorrect?

a)

Earth process result from the energy that flows and the matter that cycle between subsystems.

b)

Weather and climate are contained within the atmosphere and do not interact with earth's other subsystems.

c)

The process that occur within earth's subsystems is powered by heat from the sun.

2.

Thermal energy moves within oceans by conduction and not convection.

a)

True

b)

False

3.

Which of the following statements best describes the energy that powers earth's subsystems?

a)

The flowing energy is derived from the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun.

b)

the flowing energy derives from the sun and the earth's hot interior.

c)

the stagnant energy is derived from the pull of the moon and the sun.

4.

Warm water originates near the

a)

Polar regions

b)

Jet stream high altitude winds impact on water

c)

equatorial regions

5.

Water in the ocean is always

a)

Moving

b)

Still

c)

Warming up

d)

Cooling down

6.

Currents are affected by winds and

a)

teachers

b)

shape of continents

c)

seasons

d)

fate

7.

Delta and Alpha are the same distance from the equator, and they are both near the ocean. Using the information in the map, how does the air temperature of Delta compare to the air temperature of Alpha? Delta is.....

a)

the same as Alpha. Both locations are the same distance from the equator. The winds push the ocean water, and it turns to follow the coast in both locations, so the same amount of energy is transferred to the air.

b)

warmer than Alpha. Moving air with a lot of energy turns and follows the coast toward Delta; moving air with only a little energy turns and follows the coast toward Alpha.

c)

warmer than Alpha. The winds push ocean water that turns and follows the coasts. Energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at Delta and energy is transferred from the air to the ocean at Alpha.

8.

Ocean currents bring warm water from the equator towards Earth's

a)

continents

b)

poles

c)

southern hemisphere

d)

equator

9.

If two places are the same distance from the equator then they will always have the same air temperature!!

a)

True the location on the equator determines temperature of the air

b)

False, it depends on ocean currents and winds and how much energy is transferred

c)

Maybe? I don't know? I didn't pay attention in class all unit. Sorry ;-(

10.

Heat transfer is really neat! It always goes from

a)

hot to cold

b)

cold to hot

c)

top to bottom

d)

bottom to top

11.

Warm water is _____ dense and _____ than cold water

a)

more; heavier

b)

more; lighter

c)

less; heavier

d)

less; lighter

12.

Currents release thermal energy, which can affect a location's

a)

oxygen

b)

climate air temperature

c)

sunlight

d)

longitude

13.

Ocean currents transport thermal energy and _____ around the world.

a)

air

b)

sunlight

c)

matter

d)

fresh water

14.

When the air temperature over the land is warmer than the nearby ocean temperature, energy is transferred from the _____ to the _____.

a)

water; air

b)

water; sun

c)

air; sun

d)

air; water

15.

Isumi and San Luis Obispo are the same distance from the equator, and they are both near the ocean. Using the information in the map, how does the air temperature of Isumi compare to the air temperature of San Luis Obispo? Why?

The air temperature at Isumi is

a)

warmer than San Luis Obispo. The winds push ocean water that turns and follows the coasts. Energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at Isumi and energy is transferred from the air to the ocean at San Luis Obispo.

b)

warmer than San Luis Obispo. The winds push ocean water that turns and follows the coasts. A lot of energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at Isumi; only a little energy is transferred from the ocean to the air at San Luis Obispo.

c)

warmer than San Luis Obispo. Moving air with a lot of energy turns and follows the coast toward Isumi; moving air with only a little energy turns and follows the coast toward San Luis Obispo.

d)

the same as San Luis Obispo. Both locations are the same distance from the equator. The winds push the ocean water, and it turns to follow the coast past both locations, so the same amount of energy is transferred to the air.

16.

Energy is transferred from the ocean to the air when the ocean is warmer and from air to ocean when the air is

a)

warmer

b)

colder

c)

same

17.
Why does cold water sink in a convection current?
a)
Less dense
b)
more dense
c)
Less humid
d)
More humid
18.
What causes the Coriolis Effect?
a)
Ocean currents
b)
Air Masses
c)
The Equator
d)
Earth's rotation
19.
1)  What powers oceans and wind currents?
a)
Corilois effect
b)
Earth's rotation
c)
The sun
d)
The wind
20.
Does the land or the sea heat up faster in the diagram?
a)
Land
b)
Sea
21.
Does the gulf stream originate near the Equator or the Poles? 
a)
Equator
b)
Poles
22.
 How does the Gulf Stream affect the climate in Florida and the United Kingdom?
a)
Florida and the United Kingdom have colder climates.
b)
Florida and the United Kingdom have dryer climates.
c)
Florida and the United Kingdom have warmer climates compared to locations at the same latitude.
d)
None of the above
23.
Does the gulf stream carry warm or cold water?
a)
warm water
b)
cold water
24.
Which climate zone receives the least amount of sunlight?
a)
Temperate
b)
Tropical
c)
Polar
d)
Sub-tropical
25.

Warm water is _____ dense and _____ than cold water

a)

more; heavier

b)

more; lighter

c)

less; heavier

d)

less; lighter

26.

Does this image show normal or El Nino conditions?

a)

normal

b)

El Nino

27.

Which pattern is shown in the illustration?

a)

normal

b)

El Nino

28.

What causes the unequal distribution of warm and cold water?

a)

shifts in the Earth's orbit

b)

prevailing wind patterns (Trade Winds)

c)

changes in fishing patterns

d)

changes in water density

29.

Which region would receive the most precipitation in this ocean circulation pattern?

a)

South America

b)

Indonesia

30.

Which region would likely experience a drought during this ocean circulation pattern?

a)

South America

b)

Indonesia

31.

Which date shows El Nino?

a)

January 2015

b)

November 2015

32.

In general, El Nino years produce ____ hurricanes and named stormed than La Nina or neutral circulation patterns

a)

more

b)

fewer

c)

the same number of

33.

Given a limited set of data- 10 years or less, how confident would you be in drawing a conclusion or making a decision about a climate scenario?

a)

very confident

b)

Not very confident

34.

Describe the prevailing winds in this situation

a)

strong winds blowing west to east

b)

strong winds blowing east to west

c)

weak winds blowing west to east

d)

weak winds blowing east to west

35.

When does this process occur?

a)

Normal conditions

b)

El Nino conditions

c)

La Nina conditions

36.

What effect does this process have on the fishing industry?

a)

No effect

b)

Positive effect- more fish available for harvest

c)

Negative effect- few fish available for harvest

37.

The red line represents the number of hurricanes while the blue line represents ocean temperature anomaly. What was occurring in 2011?

a)

La Nina

b)

El Nino

38.

What is shown in the picture?

a)

Normal conditions

b)

La Nina conditions

c)

El Nino conditions

39.

The red line represents the number of hurricanes while the blue line represents ocean temperature anomaly. What is the relationship between El Nino years and the number of hurricanes?

a)

There are fewer hurricanes during El Nino years than there are during La Nina years

b)

There are more hurricanes during El Nino years than there are during La Nina years

40.
Which causes the subtropical jet stream to bring cold, wet winter weather to the southeastern United States?
a)
El Niño
b)
La Nina
c)
Coriolis effect
d)
Santa Anna Winds
41.
What is the cause of rising surface temperatures of the Pacific Ocean, drought in the western United States, and flooding on the Pacific coast of South America?
a)
the Gulf Stream
b)
the Jet Stream
c)
La Nina
d)
El Nino
42.
How could La Niña affect weather during the summer in North Carolina?
a)
It could decrease wind.
b)
It could increase rainfall. 
c)
It could decrease rainfall. 
43.
Which lists some effects of El Niño?
a)
warmer temperatures and more rain
b)
warmer temperatures and less rain
c)
cooler temperatures and less rain
44.
Which causes North Carolina to experience an increase in winter precipitation?
a)
El Niño
b)
La Niña
c)
trade winds
d)
prevailing westerlies
45.
Which weather conditions are associated with El Niño?
a)
increased temperature, increased precipitation
b)
decreased temperature, increased precipitation
c)
increased temperature, decreased precipitation
d)
decreased temperature, decreased precipitation
46.
Which best describes El Niño?
a)
The water in the Pacific Ocean gets warmer than normal and causes fewer hurricanes to form.
b)
The water in the Pacific Ocean gets colder than normal and causes more hurricanes to form.
c)
The water in the Pacific Ocean gets colder than normal, and the flow of the jet stream is disrupted.
d)
The water in the Pacific Ocean gets warmer than normal, and the flow of the jet stream is disrupted.
47.
Which best explains why El Niño could cause an increase in precipitation in California?
a)
Which best explains why El Niño could cause an increase in precipitation in California?
b)
Warmer ocean water allows for warm air to be blown toward the United States and cause droughts.
c)
Cooler ocean water causes the air to cool, and brings high air pressure to the United States.
d)
Warmer ocean water allows for warmer, wet air to travel east toward the United States.
48.

Where does the term El Niño come from and what does it mean?

a)

“The Child,” due to its appearance around the Christmas season

b)

"The Chile," due to its appearance around Thanksgiving

c)

"The Kid", due to its appearance around Easter

d)

"The Family", due to its appearance around 4th of July

49.

The term El Niño now refers to both a coupled oceanic and atmospheric phenomenon. This

phenomenon is characterized by all but 1 of the items below.

a)

Changes in rainfall distribution

b)

Changes in sea level pressure

c)

Abnormally warm sea water

d)

Atmospheric stagnation

50.

What does the term ENSO refer to?

a)

El Nine/ Nothern Oscillation

b)

Enchiladas Not Sweetened Horita

c)

La Nina/ Southern Oscillation

d)

El Niño/ Southern Oscillation

51.

What oceanic and atmospheric conditions DOES NOT occur during a La Niña?

a)

changes in the intensity and distribution of rainfall in the Tropics

b)

changes in the patterns of sea level pressure

c)

atmospheric circulation that affect many areas worldwide.

d)

cold oceanic patterns that occur near the Equator

52.

How often to El Niño events occur and how long do they generally last?

a)

Occur every 3-5 weeks/ Usually last for 9-12 days.

b)

Occur every 3-5 years/ Usually last for 9-12 months.

c)

Occur every 9-12 years/ Usually last for 3-5 months.

d)

Occur every hour/ Usually last for 15 min.

53.

What are the effects of El Niño in California and across the southern states?

a)

El Nino results in increased precipitation across California and the southern tier of states

b)

El Nino results in decreased precipitation across California and the southern tier of states

c)

El Nino results in increased precipitation across Texas and the southern tier of states

d)

El Nino results in increased precipitation across Texas and the nothern tier of states

54.

What is the effect of El Niño on both Pacific hurricanes (Typhoons) and Atlantic hurricanes?

a)

influences hurricane development, resulting in less eastern Pacific hurricanes and more Atlantic hurricanes.

b)

DOES NOT influence hurricane development, resulting in less eastern Pacific hurricanes and more Atlantic hurricanes.

c)

influences hurricane development, resulting in more eastern Pacific hurricanes and fewer Atlantic hurricanes.

d)

DOES NOT influence hurricane development, resulting in more eastern Pacific hurricanes and fewer Atlantic hurricanes.

55.

Winds is that they blow from

a)

from high pressure cells to low pressure cells.

b)

from low pressure cells to high pressure cells

56.
What is the warming of Earth's atmosphere by gases like carbon dioxide and water vapor trapping the Sun's energy called?
a)
the Greenhouse effect
b)
the Coriolis effect
c)
prevailing westerlies
d)
Gulf Stream
57.
What do you call winds that blow in the same direction all over the Earth?
a)
global winds
b)
Coriolis effect
c)
Greenhouse effect
d)
sea breezes
58.
When Earth's rotation causes the wind to curve 
a)
cloudy 
b)
Coriolis effect
c)
high pressure
d)
low pressure 
59.
What causes warm air to rise?
a)
the fact that it's less dense than cold air 
b)
The fact that it weighs more than cold air 
c)
The fact that it has higher pressure than cold
d)
the fact that its more dense than cold air 
60.
What can you conclude about prevailing winds from their name? 
a)
They blow from west to east
b)
They blow all the time
c)
The air they contain is very warm 
d)
The air they contain is very cool
61.
Which of the following statements about the greenhouse effect is false?
a)
The amount of heat trapped in the troposphere depends on concentrations of greenhouse gases.
b)
The greenhouse effect is a new theory that explains the warming of the atmosphere.
c)
Heat trapped by greenhouse gases keeps the planet warm enough for life.
d)
The predominant greenhouse gases are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.
The predominant greenhouse gases are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.
62.
Over an extended period of time, the United States has been responsible for the majority of global CO2 emissions, at 25% of the total for all countries. In 2008, the largest emitter was
a)
United States
b)
Japan
c)
China 
d)
Russia
63.
Increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have been implicated in which of the following?
a)
Increased global warming
b)
Increased seawater acidity
c)
decreased seawater temperatures
d)
both increased global warming and increased seawater acidity
64.
Which of the following would make a greater contribution to rising sea levels?
a)
melting sea ice
b)
melting land-based ice
c)
increased levels of precipitation in some areas
d)
increased levels of atmospheric water vapor
65.
In a warmer world, we would expect more
a)
droughts
b)
hurricanes
c)
desert expansions
d)
all of these
66.
A loss of 15% of ____________________ would cause a one meter rise in sea level that would threaten millions of people and cause trillions of dollar of damage to coastal areas.
a)
the Antarctic ice sheet
b)
inland glaciers in Alaska
c)
Greenland's ice sheet
d)
Iceland's ice sheet
67.
Chlorofluorocarbons are
a)
nontoxic
b)
corrosive
c)
expensive
d)
flammable
68.
Which statement is the most accurate?
a)
Climate is determined by average weather conditions.
b)
Climatologists examine data from one to a few years to estimate weather.
c)
Weather is determined by average climate conditions.
d)
None of these answers are accurate.
69.

What is Global Warming?

a)

Increasing temperature in Earth's atmosphere

b)

Decreasing temperature in a city

c)

Increasing rain rates in Earth

d)

Decreasing temperature rates

70.

Global warming is caused by a phenomenon known as the greenhouse effect.

a)
b)
71.

Which of these is NOT a greenhouse gas?

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Nitrous Oxide

c)

Oxygen Gas

d)

Methane

72.

TRUE OR FALSE: The greenhouse effect is necessary for life on Earth.

a)

True

b)

False

73.

Which greenhouse gas contributes the most to the greenhouse effect?

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Methane

c)

Water Vapor

d)

Nitrous Oxide

74.

What is the MOST significant way that humans contribute to the greenhouse effect?

a)

We do not contribute to the greenhouse effect.

b)

We burn fossil fuels.

c)

We practice animal agriculture.

d)

We make too much waste.

75.

In the past hundred years, the overall amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has...

a)

decreased

b)

stayed about the same

c)

increased

76.

Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth would be...

a)

colder.

b)

about the same.

c)

warmer.

77.

Select the two greenhouse gases that are MOST prevalent in the Earth's atmosphere.

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Methane

c)

Water Vapor

d)

Nitrous Oxide

78.

TRUE OR FALSE: The "Ozone Layer" is a layer of ozone (O3) that protects the Earth from harmful UV radiation.

a)

True

b)

False

79.

This is a simple diagram of the greenhouse effect. According to this diagram, the energy first comes from...

a)

The Sun

b)

The Earth

c)

The Atmosphere

80.

According to this chart, cellular respiration...

a)

takes Oxygen Gas and produces Carbon Dioxide.

b)

takes Carbon Dioxide and produces Oxygen Gas.

81.

Which of the following are greenhouse gases?

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Methane

c)

Water vapor

d)

All answers are correct

82.
True or False: All of the radiation from the Sun is absorbed by the Earth
a)
True
b)
False
83.
What is the greenhouse effect?
a)
The warming of a planet due to trapped radiation.
b)
The cooling of Earth due to air pollution.
c)
The heating of a solid, such as a rock.
84.

A super powerful greenhouse gas that traps up to 4 times more heat in Earth's atmosphere is:

a)

oxygen

b)

methane

c)

water vapor

d)

gasoline

85.
The gas that is most abundant in the atmosphere is
a)
oxygen
b)
nitrogen
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
argon
86.
The gas that is the second most abundant in the atmosphere is
a)
oxygen
b)
nitrogen
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
argon
87.

Which of the following does NOT happen to solar energy when it reaches Earth?

a)

Some solar energy reflects off the atmosphere, back to space

b)

Some solar energy passes through Earth and comes out the other side

c)

Some solar energy is absorbed by land and water

d)

Some solar energy is radiated from the Earth's surface and trapped by the atmosphere

88.
Which is a natural source of greenhouse gases?
a)
aerosols
b)
deforestation
c)
volcanic eruptions
d)
burning fossil fuels
89.
How much of the CO2 in the atmosphere will be absorbed by the oceans?
a)
all of it
b)
1/2
c)
1/4
d)
none of it
90.
Carbon dioxide and seawater combine to form
a)
calcium carbonate
b)
carbon monoxide
c)
carbonic acid 
91.
The H+ ion is a(n)
a)
acid
b)
base
c)
neutral
92.
Marine organisms make their shells from calcium and
a)
chloride
b)
carbonate
c)
seawater
93.
An example of a marine organism that needs calcium carbonate 
a)
a crab
b)
a shark
c)
an octopus
94.
Very slight increases in the acidity of seawater __________  marine organisms that make shells.
a)
doesn't bother
b)
has no effect on 
c)
is unhealthy and stresses
95.
People depend on ocean organisms for __________________.
a)
minerals
b)
fuels
c)
food and water
d)
All of these choices
96.

What does the orange line show?

a)

CO2 in the water

b)

Air temperature

c)

Carbon emissions

d)

pH of the water

97.

What does the blue line show?

a)

CO2 in the water

b)

Air temperature

c)

Carbon emissions

d)

pH of the water

98.

What happened to the pH between 1989 and 2014?

a)

it increased by 8

b)

it decreased by .5

c)

it increased by 30

d)

it decreased by 30

99.

As the pH decreases, what happens to the pCO2?

a)

it increases

b)

it decreased

c)

it stays consistent

d)

it disappears

100.

What does a pH of 8.1 mean?

a)

Neutral

b)

weak base

c)

strong base

d)

strong acid

101.

As the pH decreases, what happens to the ocean?

a)

It becomes more acidic.

b)

It becomes more basic.

102.

What was the pCO2 around 1994?

a)

about 300

b)

about 350

c)

about 325

d)

about 375

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