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Biology 1 Cell structures, Transport, and homeostasis

Total questions: 147

Worksheet time: 4hrs 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which system brings in oxygen (O2) and takes out carbon dioxide (CO2) ?

a)

digestive system

b)

respiratory system

c)

nervous system

d)

immune system

2.

Which system protects the body from foreign pathogens (invaders) like viruses, bacteria, and fungi?

a)

immune system

b)

endocrine system

c)

nervous system

d)

skeletal system

3.

Which system provides support for the body, protects vital organs like the brain and lungs, and is where new blood cells are made?

a)

nervous system

b)

respiratory system

c)

circulatory system

d)

skeletal system

4.

Which system has glands that produce hormones like testosterone, estrogen, and adrenaline (epinephrine)?

a)

digestive system

b)

excretory system

c)

endocrine system

d)

immune system

5.

Which system is responsible for thinking, emotions, and controlling movement?

a)

reproductive system

b)

muscular system

c)

nervous system

d)

integumentary system

6.

Which system includes your skin, hair, and sweat glands?

a)

integumentary system

b)

circulatory system

c)

digestive system

d)

endocrine system

7.

Which system is blood a part of and is also responsible for pumping blood around the body?

a)

digestive system

b)

respiratory system

c)

circulatory system

d)

integumentary system

8.

Which system is different between males and females and is needed to make babies?

a)

nervous system

b)

reproductive system

c)

immune system

d)

integumentary system

9.

Which system breaks down food and absorbs the nutrients?

a)

respiratory system

b)

endocrine system

c)

excretory system

d)

digestive system

10.

Which system connects to the bones to move them?

a)

digestive system

b)

circulatory system

c)

skeletal system

d)

muscular system

11.

Which system includes the kidneys which filter the blood of waste to make urine?

a)

excretory system

b)

reproductive system

c)

endocrine system

d)

circulatory system

12.

Which are the four levels of biological organization from smallest to largest?

a)

organ system, organ, tissue, cell

b)

cell, organ, tissue, organ system

c)

cell, tissue, organ, organ system

d)

organ system, organ, cell, tissue

13.

This type of tissue provides support for the body and connects all its parts.

a)

Epithelial

b)

Connective

c)

Muscle

d)

Nerve

14.

This tissue covers the surface of the body inside and out.

a)

Epithelial

b)

Connective

c)

Muscle

d)

Nerve

15.

This tissue allows the brain to communicate with the rest of the body through electrical impulses.

a)

Connective

b)

Epithelial

c)

Nerve

d)

Muscle

16.

This tissue is made of special cells that contract and expand causing movement in the body.

a)

Connective

b)

Epithelial

c)

Muscle

d)

Nerve

17.

Examples of this type of tissue are bone, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, blood, and fat.

a)

Connective

b)

Epithelial

c)

Nerve

d)

Muscle

18.

Examples of this type of tissue are skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.

a)

Muscle

b)

Epithelial

c)

Connective

d)

Nerve

19.

Examples of this type of tissue are brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

a)

Connective

b)

Epithelial

c)

Nerve

d)

Muscle

20.

Examples of this kind of tissue are skin, lining of the digestive tract, and lining of the inside of organs

a)

Epithelial

b)

Connective

c)

Nerve

d)

Muscle

21.

This type of tissue cannot be replaced. Once it is damaged your body cannot make more.

a)

Nerve

b)

Muscle

c)

Epithelial

d)

Connective

22.

This type of connective tissue connects muscle to bone.

a)

tendon

b)

ligament

c)

cartilage

d)

joint

23.

This type of connective tissue is liquid and it transports oxygen to your body.

a)

Blood

b)

Cartilage

c)

Bone

d)

Ligaments

24.

This type of muscle is attached to your skeleton and you can control its movement

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smooth

25.
Animal, fungi, plant, and protista cells are all examples of which type of cell?
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
c)
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic
26.
These cells have DNA surrounded by a nuclear membrane...
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
c)
Neither
d)
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic
27.
Plants and animal cells are examples of ___ cells 
a)
prokaryotic cells 
b)
eukaryotic cells 
28.
Which of the following is found inside a prokaryote?
a)
cytoplasm
b)
DNA
c)
ribosomes
d)
all of these
29.
Unicellular means
a)
single-celled
b)
unicycle
c)
multi-celled
d)
united cells
30.
Which type of cell is bigger?
a)
Prokaryotic
b)
Eukaryotic 
31.
Where is the DNA found in a prokaryotic cell? 
a)
floating around in the cytoplasm 
b)
in the nucleus 
32.
One example of a prokaryote is a...
a)
fungus
b)
bacteria
c)
animal
d)
plant
33.
First type of cell to appear on Earth?
a)
Plant
b)
Animal
c)
Prokaryotic
d)
Eukaryotic
34.
First type of cell to appear on Earth?
a)
Plant
b)
Animal
c)
Prokaryotic
d)
Eukaryotic
35.

What structure is B pointing to?

a)

Flagella

b)

Pili

c)

DNA

d)

Ribosome

36.

What structure is D pointing to?

a)

Flagella

b)

Pili

c)

DNA

d)

Ribosome

37.

What is E?

a)

cell wall

b)

cell membrane

c)

cilia

d)

flagella

38.

What is D?

a)

cilia

b)

cytoplasm

c)

ribosome

d)

flagella

39.

Letter C is pointing to the small purple structure which is the:

a)

Cell membrane

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Plasmid

40.

Letter D is pointing to the(small projection):

a)

Flagellum

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Pili

41.

Letter E is pointing to the:

a)

Plasmid

b)

Ribosome

c)

DNA/Nucleoid Region

d)

Cytoplasm

42.

Letter G is pointing to the:

a)

Capsule

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

43.

Letter H is pointing to the:

a)

Capsule

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

44.

Letter I is pointing to the:

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

45.

Endosymbiotic Theory is the idea that ______ cells could have evolved from_____cells

a)

prokaryotic, eukaryotic

b)

eukaryotic, animal

c)

prokaryotic, plant

d)

eukaryotic, prokaryotic

46.

How did one type of prokaryote get inside of another type of prokaryote

a)

Acts as a ligand

b)

One engulfed the other

c)

Fused in as a vesicle

d)

snuck in as a retrovirus

47.

Symbiosis means

a)

Feeding off of something

b)

Using something for its ATP

c)

Living in harmony

d)

Producing sugars

48.

Early bacteria that could make its own energy evolved into

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

ATP

d)

ADP

49.

Early bacteria that could perform photosynthesis evolved into

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

ATP

d)

ADP

50.

Evidence for endosymbiosis includes

a)

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own Lysosomes

b)

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own vesicles

c)

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own RNA

d)

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own DNA

51.

Mitochondria and Chloroplast are similar to prokaryotic cells like bacteria in what way?

a)

Their DNAs are copies of each other

b)

Their DNAs both have uracil

c)

Their DNAs are circular

d)

Their DNAs both have short lifespans

52.

Which of the following is NOT found in an animal cell?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Vacuole

53.

Which of the following organelles stores water and waste in both animal and plant cells?

a)

Vacuole

b)

Cell wall

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosomes

54.

In what organelle does the food making process in plants take place?

a)

Cell membrane

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Cell wall

d)

Chloroplast

55.

An animal cell has the following except a/an...

a)

Nucleus

b)

Lysosome

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Endoplasmic reticulum

56.
The vacuoles in ________ cells are smaller.
a)
Animal
b)
Plant
57.
Which cell can change it's shape?
a)
Animal
b)
Plant
58.
Which organelle belongs in plant cells only?
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Mitochondrion
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Nucleus
59.
What shape are most plant cells?
a)
round / irregular
b)
rectangular
60.

This organelle turns radiant energy into sugar. This is where photosynthesis occurs.

a)

cell wall

b)

chloroplast

c)

cell membrane

d)

nucleus

61.

This organelle is LARGER in plant cells than animal cells. It stores food, water and waste.

a)

nucleus

b)

cell membrane

c)

cell wall

d)

vacuole

62.

The cell wall is found in which cell

a)

bacteria

b)

animal cell

c)

plant cell

d)

virus

63.
Plants and animal cells both have a nucleus.
a)
True
b)
False
64.

What kind of cell is this?

a)

plant

b)

animal

65.

The cell wall provides this for the plant

a)

keeps all organelles within the cell

b)

makes energy from food

c)

stores food and water

d)

protection and support

66.
Which organelle belongs in both plant and animal cells?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Large Central Vacuole
d)
Cell Wall
67.
surrounds the cell; regulates what enters/leaves cell; maintains homeostasis
a)
vacuole
b)
cell wall
c)
cell membrane
d)
lysosome
68.
control the cell's activities; contains the cell's DNA
a)
mitochondria
b)
cell membrane
c)
nucleus
d)
golgi body
69.
breaks down glucose to release energy for the cell
a)
nucleus
b)
lysosomes
c)
mitochondria
d)
vacuole
70.
Which statement is NOT part of the Cell Theory?
a)
Only animals are made of cells.
b)
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things.
c)
All living things are made of cells.
d)
New cells come from existing cells.
71.
Identify which of these is NOT a major difference between plant and animal cells.
a)
Only plant cells have a cell wall.
b)
Only animal cells have mitochondria.
c)
Animal cells do NOT contain chloroplasts.
d)
Plant cells have a large central vacuole.
72.
Ribosomes are the cell organelle that
a)
Break down food to produce energy for the cell.
b)
Produce proteins for the cell.
c)
Break down broken cell parts.
d)
Make food for the cell using the sun's energy.
73.
Using this image, what organelle is D?
a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Flagella
c)
Rough ER
d)
Smooth ER
74.
Using this image, what organelle is G?
a)
Vacuole
b)
Flagella
c)
Rough ER
d)
Nucleus
75.
Using this image, what organelle is N?
a)
Centrioles
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Golgi Apparatus
d)
Ribosome
76.
Using this image, what organelle is C?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Large Cell Vacuole
d)
Chloroplast
77.
Using this image, what organelle is G?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Vacuole
d)
Chloroplast
78.
Using this image, what organelle is E?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Nucleus
c)
Vacuole
d)
Chloroplast
79.
Using this image, what organelle is A?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Large Central Vacuole
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Chloroplast
80.
What is the difference between rough and smooth ER?
a)
There is no difference.
b)
Plants have rough ER, animals have smooth ER.
c)
What type of injuries the Doctors treat.
d)
Rough has ribosomes, smooth does not.
81.
What is the correct order of organization
a)
tissues-cells-organs-organ systems-organism
b)
cell-tissue-organs-organ systems-organism
c)
organism-cells-tissues-organ systems-organism
d)
tissues-cells-organs-organ sytems-organism
82.
 A group of cells that have similar functions? Examples are nervous, epithelial, muscle and connective
a)
cells
b)
tissues
c)
organs
d)
atoms
83.
The smooth ER does which of the following
a)
DNA Replication
b)
Protein Synthesis
c)
Lipid Synthesis
d)
RNA Transcription
84.

Which organelle is colored in this picture?

a)

Endoplasmic reticulum

b)

Gogli body

c)

Lysosomes

d)

Cell mebrane

85.

My main function is to....

a)

Translation

b)

Make cellular lipids

c)

Transcription

d)

Make proteins

86.
A phospholipid has 2 parts. What are they called? 
a)
Hydrophilic Head, Hydrophobic Tail 
b)
Hydrophobic Head, Hydrophilic Tail 
87.
A ______________ is composed of a phosphate and glycerol head and 2 fatty acid chain tails. 
a)
phospholipid 
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Cholesterol 
d)
Protein 
88.
"Water Loving"
a)
Hydrophobic
b)
Hydrophilic 
c)
Hydroelectric 
d)
Hydroloric
89.
It forms a boundary between the inside of the cell and the outside of the cell. 
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Lipid Cleric Layer
c)
Membrane Gate
d)
Protein Receptors 
90.
Which of the following is responsible for getting large or charged (polar) molecules across the cell membrane?
a)
E
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
91.
Part of the plasma membrane responsible for cell recognition... 
a)
C
b)
E
c)
B
d)
D
92.
The function of the plasma membrane is....
a)
to regulate what enters and leaves the cell.
b)
fight bacteria and viruses that enter the cell.
c)
provide rigid support and protection to the cell.
d)
make sure each cell can move
93.
Hydrophobic region of the cell membrane?
a)
E
b)
B
c)
C
d)
A 
94.
What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
proteins
c)
hydrophilic heads 
d)
lipids
95.
What are the carbohydrates in the cell membrane for?
a)
to form channels and pumps
b)
to help cells identify one another
c)
to make the membrane strong
96.
This is a balance that organisms maintain through self-regulating adjustments
a)
bilayer
b)
homeostasis
c)
secretions
97.
What do the brown structures represent?
a)
Phospholipids
b)
Cholesterol Proteins
c)
Channel Proteins 
d)
Cytoskeleton Filaments
98.
The picture is an example of...
a)
active transport
b)
passive transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
99.
What does the "fluid mosaic model" mean about the cell membrane?
a)
It can dissolve into fluid.
b)
The cell is mostly made of mosaic molecules.
c)
It looks like a flexible pattern made up of different parts.
d)
Somebody else should name these things.
100.
What is one major difference between passive and active transport?
a)
Passive transport uses energy; active transport does not.
b)
Both types of transport use energy.
c)
Active transport uses energy; passive transport does not.
d)
No difference. They are both the same.
101.
Small, non-polar molecules like CO2 and O2 and NO can pass through the cell membrane using what type of transport?
a)
Diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Facilitated Diffusion
d)
Endocytosis
102.

The yellow and brown portion of this image is:

a)

protein

b)

phopholipid

c)

carbohydrate

d)

cholesterol

103.

The purple regions of the image represent:

a)

phospholipid

b)

cholesterol

c)

proteins

d)

carbohydrates

104.

Examples of particles that can diffuse across through the phospholipid bilayer include:

a)

oxygen and carbon dioxide

b)

sugar

c)

water

d)

calcium ions

105.
Something is ___________ ____________
when some molecules can cross the membrane while others cannot. 
a)
Selectively (or Semi) Permeable 
b)
Totally Transparent
c)
Liquid Licorice 
d)
Heavily Patrolled 
106.
How does a cell maintain homeostasis?
a)
Regulates what enters and leaves the cell
b)
Flexibility
c)
Protective barrier
d)
Structure and support
107.
The picture below is an example of _________________.
a)
osmosis
b)
isotonic
c)
diffusion
d)
active transport
108.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
109.
During osmosis
a)
water moves from high to low concentration
b)
large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
c)
water moves when energy is used
d)
proteins are built
110.
When both inside and outside of a cell have the same amount of water it is said that the cell has reached a state of
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Equilibrium
111.
Passive transport requires no
a)
concentration gradients
b)
osmosis
c)
motion
d)
energy
112.
Where will the water go?
a)
Into the cell
b)
Out of the cell
c)
Equally in & out - it's isotonic
d)
There is no water
113.
Mr. Slug was salted. Where was there more solute immediately after salting?
a)
Outside of the slug
b)
Inside of the slug
c)
There was no solute anywhere
114.
A blood cell is placed into the jar, as seen. Where will the water go?
a)
Into the cell
b)
Out of the cell
c)
Equally in & out - it's isotonic
d)
The water is a lie
115.
 If a cell containing 5% salt is placed into a glass of water with 20% salt, the water is _______ compared to the cell.
a)
hypertonic
b)
hypotonic
c)
isotonic
116.
 An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will
a)
Stay the same
b)
Shrink- get smaller
c)
Swell- get bigger
117.
During osmosis
a)
water moves from high to low concentration
b)
large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
c)
water moves when energy is used
d)
proteins are built
118.

Active transport is the movement of large materials across a cell membrane from ______ to ______ concentration

a)

high to low

b)

low to high

c)

high to high

d)

low to low

119.

Active transport across a cell membrane from low to high concentration, requires

a)

energy (ATP)

b)

no energy

c)

water

d)

oxygen

120.

A type membrane protein that can pump one substance in one direction, while transporting another substance in the opposite direction.

a)

pump transport

b)

bulk transport

c)

diffusion

d)

osmosis

121.

An example of pump transport is

a)

glucose transport

b)

osmosis

c)

Na+/K+ Pump

d)

CO2 + O2 Transport

122.

Large particles (or large quantities of smaller particles) are moved across the cell membrane with the use of energy.

a)

pump transport

b)

osmosis

c)

bulk transport

d)

CO2 + O2 Transport

123.

A general term for the various types of active transport that move particles into a cell by enclosing them in a vesicle made out of plasma membrane.

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Osmosis

d)

Diffusion

124.

A form of bulk transport in which materials are transported from the inside to the outside of the cell in membrane-bound vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Osmosis

d)

Diffusion

125.

white blood cells engulfing invading bacteria is an example of

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Diffusion

d)

Facilitated Diffusion

126.

small compartment enclosed by a membrane formed during transport of material during endo + exocytosis

a)

vesicles

b)

large vacuole

c)

mitochondria

d)

lysosome

127.

Which of the following are examples of endocytotic bulk transport? Select all that apply!

a)

Phagocytosis

b)

Phagolysis

c)

Pinocytosis

d)

Receptor-mediated

e)

Exocytosis

128.

Which type of bulk transport utilizes pseudopods to engulf large particles?

a)

Phagocytosis

b)

Pinocytosis

c)

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

129.

In exocytosis, where do vesicles go after leaving the golgi apparatus?

a)

The endoplasmic reticulum

b)

The nucleus

c)

Fuses with the plasma membrane

d)

Fuses with another vesicle

130.

__________ uses protein-coated vesicles and a lock-and-key mechanism to bring materials into the cell.

a)

Phagocytosis

b)

Pinocytosis

c)

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

131.

Which form of active transport is being shown?

a)

Facilitated Diffusion

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Proton pump

132.
When cells take in a liquid through active transport, what is it called?
a)
Exocytosis
b)
Phagocytosis
c)
Pinocytosis
d)
Osmosis
133.

Which body system controls the body to maintain homeostasis?

a)

excretory

b)

nervous

c)

circulatory

d)

skeletal

134.
Homeostasis
a)
allows for a wildly fluctuating internal environment
b)
is impossible in vertebrates
c)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
d)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable external environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
135.

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

a)

Thermoregulation

b)

Blood Pressure

c)

Childbirth

d)

Blood Sugar Levels

136.
When you get cut, your skin cells release hormones that signal platelets to come and stop the bleeding. Platelets then release more hormones that signal even more platelets to help stop bleeding. The hormone signals continue until the cut is closed.
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
137.
Rapid growth during puberty causes your body to release more and more growth hormones. As you grow, more and more growth hormones are released until puberty is reached, and then the hormones stop.
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
138.
Negative Feedback Loops:
a)
amplify processes
b)
prevent small changes from getting larger
c)
are initiated during childbirth
d)
are found only in plants
139.

A change inside of the organism caused by the initiation event is the ...

a)

response

b)

effector

c)

control center

d)

stimulus

140.

What part of the negative feedback loop is what happens inside of the organism, as the result of the effector?

a)

Initiation event

b)

Response

c)

Receptor

d)

Effector

141.

Which part of the feedback loop is a body part that makes a change to bring the system back to homeostasis?

a)

Effector

b)

control center

c)

response

d)

receptor

142.

What detects that the system is outside of homeostasis and adjustments need to be made?

a)

effector

b)

response

c)

control center

d)

stimulus

143.

What detects that the system is outside of homeostasis and adjustments need to be made?

a)

effector

b)

response

c)

control center

d)

stimulus

144.

Identify the stimulus event.


Scenario: A person begins to exercise which causes their body temperature to increase. The temperature change is noticed and the person begins to sweat and their body temperature decreases.

a)

body temperature increases

b)

person begins to sweat

c)

temperature change is noticed

d)

person begins to exercise

145.

Identify the stimulus that restores homeostasis.


Scenario: A person begins to exercise which causes their body temperature to increase. The temperature change is noticed (sensed) and the person begins to sweat and their body temperature decreases.

a)

temperature changes is noticed

b)

a person begins to exercise

c)

body temperature increases

d)

body temperature decreases

146.

Which part of the feedback loop and body is responsible for sensing the temperature change?


Scenario: A person begins to exercise which causes their body temperature to increase. The temperature change is noticed (sensed) and the person begins to sweat and their body temperature decreases.

a)

control center - sweat glands

b)

receptor - sweat

c)

control center - hypothalamus (part of the brain)

d)

receptor - brain and skin receptors

147.

Identify the response.


Scenario: A person begins to exercise which causes their body temperature to increase. The temperature change is noticed (sensed) and the person begins to sweat and their body temperature decreases.

a)

the person begins to sweat

b)

the person begins to exercise

c)

change in temperature

d)

body temperature increases

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